Okufanele Ukwazi Ngamaqhubu E-thyroid

-Delile

• Yini amaqhubu e-thyroid?
• Ziyini izimpawu ze-nodule ye-thyroid?
• Yini ebangela amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?
• Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa amaqhubu wegiloji?
• Sitholakala kanjani isidleke se-thyroid?
• Aphathwa kanjani amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?
• Ngabe kungavinjelwa amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Yini amaqhubu e-thyroid?

I-nodule ye-thyroid iyisigaxa esingakhula ku-gland yakho yegilo. Ingaqina noma igcwale uketshezi. Ungaba ne-nodule eyodwa noma iqoqo lamaqhuqhuva. Amaqhuqhuva endlala yegilo ajwayelekile futhi awavamile ukuba nomdlavuza.

Indlala yakho yegilo iyindlala encane emise okwevemvane etholakala eduze komphimbo wakho (ibhokisi lezwi) naphambi kogcino (i-windpipe). Le ndlala ikhiqiza futhi ifihle ama-hormone amabili athinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, izinga lokushisa komzimba, nezinqubo eziningi zomzimba - iqembu lokuphendula kwamakhemikhali ngokuhlanganyela okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-metabolism.

Amaqhuqhuva endlala yegilo ahlukaniswa njengamakhaza, afudumele, noma ashisayo, kuya ngokuthi ayawakhiqiza yini ama-hormone e-thyroid noma cha: Amaqhubu abanda awakhiqizi ama-hormone egilo. Amaqhuqhuva afudumele asebenza njengamaseli ejwayelekile e-thyroid. Amaqhuqhuva ashisayo akhiqiza kakhulu ama-hormone e-thyroid.

Ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 azo zonke izigaxa ze-thyroid azinabungozi (azinomdlavuza). Iningi lamaqhubu endlala yegilo awabucayi futhi adala izimpawu ezimbalwa. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ube nesigaxa segilo ngaphandle kokwazi.

Ngaphandle kokuthi kukhule ngokwanele ukucindezela uqhoqhoqho wakho, awusoze waba nezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ama-nodule amaningi we-thyroid atholakala ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthatha izithombe (njenge-CT scan noma i-MRI scan) eyenziwe ukuthola okuthile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-nodule ye-thyroid?

Ungaba ne-nodule ye-thyroid futhi ungabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo. Kepha uma i-nodule ikhula ngokwanele, ungahlakulela:

• indlala yegilo eyandisiwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-goiter
• ubuhlungu phansi kwentamo yakho
• ukugwinya ubunzima
• ubunzima bokuphefumula
• izwi elihoshozelayo

Uma i-nodule yakho yegilo ikhiqiza ama-hormone e-thyroid amaningi, ungahle ube nezimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, njenge:

• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, okungajwayelekile
• ukuncipha kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• ubunzima bokulala
• uvalo

Kwezinye izimo, amaqhubu e-thyroid akhula kubantu abaneHashimoto’s thyroiditis. Lesi yisimo se-thyroid esizenzakalelayo esandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-thyroid engasebenzi (hypothyroidism). Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zifaka:

• ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
• ukuzuza kwesisindo okungaqondakali
• ukuqunjelwa
• ukuzwela emakhazeni
• isikhumba esomile nezinwele
• izipikili eziphukile

Yini ebangela amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Iningi lamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid abangelwa ukwanda kwezicubu ezijwayelekile ze-thyroid. Imbangela yalokhu kukhula ngokweqile imvamisa ayaziwa, kepha kunesisekelo esiqinile sofuzo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, amaqhubu e-thyroid ahlobene ne:

• I-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, isifo esizimele esiholela ku-hypothyroidism
• I-thyroiditis, noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli kwe-thyroid yakho
• umdlavuza wegilo
• ukuntula iodine

Ukushoda kwe-iodine akuvamile e-United States ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kabanzi kasawoti one-iodized nama-multivitamini aqukethe iodine.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa amaqhubu wegiloji?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise amaqhubu we-thyroid uma:

• wenze ama-X-ray enziwa ku-thyroid yakho esewusana noma ebuntwaneni
• unesimo se-thyroid esivele sikhona, njenge-thyroiditis noma i-Hashimoto's thyroiditis
• unomlando womndeni wamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid
• uneminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu

Amaqhuqhuva endlala yegilo ajwayelekile kubantu besifazane. Lapho bekhula emadodeni, maningi amathuba okuba nomdlavuza.

Sitholakala kanjani isidleke se-thyroid?

Ungahle ungazi ukuthi une-nodule kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ethola ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba okujwayelekile. Bangakwazi ukuzwa i-nodule.

Uma besola ukuthi une-nodule ye-thyroid, cishe bazokudlulisela ku-endocrinologist. Lolu hlobo lodokotela lugxile kuzo zonke izici zohlelo lwe-endocrine (hormone), kubandakanya ne-thyroid.

I-endocrinologist yakho izofuna ukufunda uma:

• welashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma entanyeni yakho njengosana noma ingane
• ube nomlando womndeni wamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid
• unomlando wezinye izinkinga ze-thyroid

Bazosebenzisa ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo ukuthola nokuhlola i-nodule yakho:

• i-ultrasound ye-thyroid, ukuhlola isakhiwo se-nodule
• ukuskena kwe-thyroid, ukufunda ukuthi i-nodule iyashisa, ifudumele noma iyabanda (lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa lapho i-thyroid isebenza ngokweqile)
• intshisekelo yenaliti enhle, ukuqoqa isampula le-nodule ukuze lihlolwe elabhorethri
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlola amazinga akho ama-hormone e-thyroid kanye ne-thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Aphathwa kanjani amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Izinketho zakho zokwelashwa zizoya ngosayizi nohlobo lwe-nodule yegilo onayo.

Uma i-nodule yakho ingenawo umdlavuza futhi ingabangeli izinkinga, i-endocrinologist yakho inganquma ukuthi ayidingi ukwelashwa nhlobo. Esikhundleni salokho, bazobheka eduze i-nodule ngokuvakashelwa okuvamile kwamahhovisi kanye nama-ultrasound.

Amaqhubu aqala njengobungozi akuvamile ukuba abe nomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho we-endocrinologist cishe uzokwenza ama-biopsies ngezikhathi ezithile ukukhipha ukuthi kungenzeka lokho.

Uma i-nodule yakho ishisa, noma ikhiqiza ngokweqile ama-hormone e-thyroid, i-endocrinologist yakho izosebenzisa iodine noma i-radioactive ukuqeda i-nodule. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, lokhu kufanele kuxazulule izimpawu zakho. Uma iningi le-thyroid yakho libhujiswa noma lisuswa kule nqubo, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe ama-hormone we-thyroid okwenziwa njalo.

Njengenye indlela ye-iodine enemisebe noma ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho we-endocrinologist angazama ukwelapha i-nodule eshisayo ngokunikeza imithi evimba i-thyroid.

Esikhathini esedlule, abanye odokotela babesebenzisa amanani aphakeme ama-hormone e-thyroid bezama ukunciphisa amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid. Lo mkhuba ulahliwe kakhulu ngoba ingxenye enkulu yawo ubungasebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, ama-hormone e-thyroid angadingeka kubantu abane-thyroid engasebenzi kahle (njengalabo abane-Hashimoto's thyroiditis).

Isazi sakho se-endocrinologist singase futhi sisebenzise isifiso esihle senaliti ukukhipha i-nodule yakho uma sigcwele uketshezi.

Ngabe kungavinjelwa amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nodule ye-thyroid. Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo se-thyroid, i-endocrinologist yakho izothatha izinyathelo zokuyikhipha noma ukuyichitha noma imane iyibheke ngokuqhubekayo. Iningi lamaqhuqhuva angenalo umdlavuza awalimazi, futhi abantu abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa.