Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Mayelana Nomdlavuza Webele we-Multifocal

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele?
• Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza webele we-multifocal?
• Ilashwa kanjani?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokwelashwa?
• Uyini umbono?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokusekelwa ezitholakalayo?

Uyini umdlavuza webele we-multifocal?

Eziningi umdlavuza webele wenzeka lapho kunezimila ezimbili noma ngaphezulu esifubeni esisodwa. Zonke izicubu ziqala ngesimila esisodwa sokuqala. Izicubu nazo zonke zikwi-quadrant efanayo - noma isigaba - sesifuba.

I-Multicentric umdlavuza webele uhlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza. Kukhula isimila esingaphezu kwesisodwa, kepha kuma-quadrants ahlukene webele.

Noma ikuphi kusuka kumaphesenti ama-6 kuye kwangama-60 amathumba webele anezinto eziningi noma eziningi, kuya ngokuthi zichazwa kanjani nokuthi zitholakala kanjani.

Izicubu ze-multifocal zingaba ezingezwakali noma ezihlaselayo.

• Akudlanga Umdlavuza uhlala emifuleni yobisi noma kwizindlala ezikhiqiza ubisi (lobules) besifuba.
• Iyahlasela Umdlavuza ungakhula ube ezinye izingxenye zesifuba bese usakazeka kwezinye izitho.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo zomdlavuza webele ongakhula ngomdlavuza webele we-multifocal, yikuphi ukwelashwa okungaqukatha, nokuningi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza webele, futhi zisekelwe ohlotsheni lwamaseli umdlavuza okhula kuwo.

Iningi lomdlavuza webele yi-carcinomas. Lokhu kusho ukuthi aqala kumaseli we-epithelial agudle amabele. I-Adenocarcinoma wuhlobo lwe-carcinoma olukhula kusuka emigodini yobisi noma kuma-lobules.

Umdlavuza webele uphinde uhlukaniswe ngalezi zinhlobo:

• I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) iqala ngaphakathi kwemigudu yobisi. Ibizwa ngokuthi ayihlaseli ngoba ayisakazekanga ngaphandle kwale mibhobho. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nalo mdlavuza kungakhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele. I-DCIS uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele ongahlaseli. Kwakha amaphesenti angama-25 awo wonke umdlavuza webele otholakala e-United States.
• I-Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) futhi akuhlaseli. Amaseli angajwayelekile aqala ezingxenyeni ezikhiqiza ubisi lwesifuba. I-LCIS ingakhuphula ubungozi bokuthola umdlavuza webele esikhathini esizayo. I-LCIS ayivamile, ikhombisa amaphesenti angama-0.5 kuye kwangama-4 azo zonke izifo zesifuba ezinganomdlavuza.
• I-ductal carcinoma (IDC) ehlaselayo uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele, olubala cishe amaphesenti angama-80 alawa mdlavuza. I-IDC iqala kumaseli agudla amapayipi obisi. Ingakhula iye ebeleni lonke, kanye nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• I-lobular carcinoma (ILC) ehlaselayo iqala kuma-lobules futhi ingasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 awo wonke umdlavuza webele ongenayo yi-ILC.
• Umdlavuza webele ovuthayo ifomu elingavamile elisakazeka ngolaka. Phakathi kuka-1 no-5% wawo wonke umdlavuza webele yilolu hlobo.
• Isifo sengono sikaPaget umdlavuza ongajwayelekile oqala emapayipini obisi kodwa usabalalele engonweni. Cishe iphesenti elilodwa kuya kwelesi-3 lomdlavuza webele yilolu hlobo.
• Izimila Phyllode bathola amagama abo kuphethini onjengeqabunga lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhula khona. Lezi zicubu azivamile. Iningi alinomdlavuza, kepha ukulimala kungenzeka. Izicubu zama-phyllode zenza amaphesenti angaphansi kwephesenti awo wonke umdlavuza webele.
• I-Angiosarcoma iqala kumaseli alayini wegazi noma wemithambo yegazi. Ngaphansi kunomdlavuza webele lolu hlobo.

Utholakala kanjani umdlavuza webele we-multifocal?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezahlukene ukuthola umdlavuza webele.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwebele lomtholampilo. Udokotela wakho uzokuzwa amabele akho nama-lymph node nganoma yiziphi izigaxa noma olunye ushintsho olungajwayelekile.
• I-Mammogram. Lokhu kuhlola kusebenzisa i-X-ray ukuthola ushintsho emabeleni nase-screen somdlavuza. Iminyaka okufanele uqale ngayo lokhu kuhlolwa, kanye nobuningi bayo, incike engcupheni yomdlavuza wakho webele. Uma une-mammogram engavamile, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi kube nokuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi ngezansi.
• Imagnetic resonance imaging (i-MRI). Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa ozibuthe abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe eziningiliziwe zangaphakathi kwesifuba. Inembe kakhudlwana ekuthatheni umdlavuza webele we-multifocal kune-mammography ne-ultrasound.
• I-Ultrasound. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka izixuku noma ezinye izinguquko emabeleni akho.
• Isidumbu. Le ukuphela kwendlela udokotela wakho azi ngayo ukuthi unomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa inaliti ukususa isampula elincane lezicubu esifubeni sakho. I-biopsy nayo ingathathwa nge-sentinel lymph node - i-lymph node lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi asabalale kuqala kulesimila. Isampuli ithunyelwa elebhu, lapho ihlolwe khona umdlavuza.

Ngokuya ngale miphumela neminye yokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzobeka umdlavuza wakho. Isiteji sikhombisa ukuthi umdlavuza mkhulu kangakanani, ukuthi ususabalele yini, futhi uma kunjalo, kude kangakanani. Kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho.

Kumdlavuza we-multifocal, isimila ngasinye silinganiswa ngokwehlukile. Lesi sifo sihlelwe ngokuya ngosayizi wesimila esikhulu kunazo zonke. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi le ndlela ayinembile ngoba ayibheki inani eliphelele lezicubu esifubeni. Noma kunjalo, nansi indlela umdlavuza webele owahlukaniswa ngayo uvame ukuhlelwa.

Ilashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kwakho kuzoya ngesigaba somdlavuza wakho. Uma umdlavuza usanda kuqala - okusho ukuthi izicubu zisendaweni eyodwa kuphela yesifuba sakho - ukuhlinzekwa kokulondolozwa kwesifuba (i-lumpectomy) kungenzeka. Le nqubo isusa umdlavuza omningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngenkathi igcina izicubu zamabele ezinempilo ezizungezile.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzothola imisebe yokubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza okungenzeka ukuthi asele ngemuva. I-Chemotherapy enye inketho ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Izicubu ezinkulu noma umdlavuza osakazekile ungadinga i-mastectomy - ukuhlinzwa ukukhipha lonke ibele. Ama-lymph node nawo angasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu yokwelashwa?

Yize ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kungathuthukisa izingqinamba zakho zokusinda, kungaba nemiphumela emibi.

Imiphumela emibi evela ekuhlinzekeni okulondolozela amabele ihlanganisa:

• ubuhlungu esifubeni
• izibazi
• ukuvuvukala esifubeni noma engalweni (i-lymphedema)
• ushintsho ekubunjweni kwesifuba
• ukopha
• ukutheleleka

Imiphumela emibi ye-radiation ifaka:

• ububomvu, ukulunywa, ukuxebuka, nokucasuka kwesikhumba
• ukukhathala
• ukuvuvukala ebeleni

Uyini umbono?

Umdlavuza webele we-Multifocal kungenzeka kakhulu kunezimila ezizodwa ukusabalala kuma-lymph node. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amazinga okusinda yeminyaka emi-5 awahlukile kwizicubu ezinemininingwane eminingi kunangezicubu ezilodwa.

Umbono wakho uncike kancane ekutheni unezimila ezingaki esifubeni esisodwa, futhi nangaphezulu ngosayizi wezimila zakho nokuthi zisabalale yini. Sekukonke, isilinganiso seminyaka engu-5 sokusinda komdlavuza esivunyelwe esifubeni singamaphesenti angama-99. Uma umdlavuza usabalalele kuma-lymph node endaweni, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu lingamaphesenti angama-85.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokusekelwa ezitholakalayo?

Uma usanda kutholakala unomdlavuza webele we-multifocal, ungahle ube nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nakho konke kusuka kuzinketho zakho zokwelashwa kuye ekutheni zizobiza malini. Udokotela wakho nalo lonke iqembu lakho lezokwelapha bangaba yimithombo emihle yalolu lwazi.

Ungathola futhi imininingwane eminingi namaqembu okusekela endaweni yakho ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano zomdlavuza ezinjengalezi:

• I-American Cancer Society
• Isisekelo Somdlavuza Webele Kazwelonke
• USusan G. Komen