Izinkinga ezi-8 ezivamile ze-thyroid nokuthi ungazibona kanjani

-Delile

• 1. I-Hyperthyroidism noma i-Hypothyroidism
• 2. iTyroiditis - Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo
• 3. IHashimoto's thyroiditis
• 4. I-Postpartum thyroiditis
• 5. Imbuzi
• 6. Isifo samathuna
• 7. Isigaxa sendlala yegilo
• 8. Umdlavuza wegilo
• Ungazibona kanjani izinkinga ze-thyroid

Indlala yegilo yindlala etholakala engxenyeni engaphambili yentamo, enendima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusizeni ukulawula imetabolism kanye nokulinganisela komzimba, okuhlobene nokusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo, ubuchopho, isibindi nezinso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlala yegilo ibuye ibe nomthelela ekukhuleni, ekuhambeni kokuya esikhathini, ekuzaleni, kwesisindo nasezimweni zomzwelo.

Le miphumela kungenzeka ngoba indlala yegilo ikhipha ama-hormone T3 no-T4 egazini, ikwazi ukusabalala emzimbeni wonke. Indlala yegilo ilawulwa yi-pituitary gland, enye indlala ebuchosheni, yona elawulwa yisifunda sobuchopho esibizwa nge-hypothalamus. Ngakho-ke, izinguquko kunoma yiziphi zalezi zifunda zingadala izinkinga nezimpawu ezihlobene ne-thyroid.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwendlala yegilo kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ezimbalwa, futhi ukuhlolwa kukadokotela kuphela okungahlukanisa futhi kukuqinisekise, kepha nazi ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu:

1. I-Hyperthyroidism noma i-Hypothyroidism

I-Hypo ne-hyperthyroidism yizifo ezibangelwa izinguquko kumazinga e-hormone afihlwe yi-thyroid, futhi angaba nezimbangela zokuzalwa, ezizimele, ezivuthayo noma zesibili kwezinye izifo noma imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa, isibonelo.

Ngokuvamile, ku-hyperthyroidism kunokwanda ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone T3 no-T4 kanye nokwehla kwe-TSH, kuyilapho ku-hypothyroidism kukhona ukwehla kwe-T3 ne-T4 ngokwanda kwe-TSH, kodwa-ke, kungahle kube nokuhlukahluka kuye ngesizathu .

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu ezibonisa lezi zifo, hlola izimpawu ezibonisa izinkinga ze-thyroid.

2. iTyroiditis - Ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo

I-Thyroiditis ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid, okungenzeka ngezimbangela ezahlukahlukene kubandakanya ukutheleleka ngegciwane, njenge-coxsackievirus, i-adenovirus kanye ne-mumps kanye ne-virus yesimungumungwane, i-autoimmunity, noma ukudakwa yimithi ethile, njenge-amiodarone, ngokwesibonelo.

I-Thyroiditis ingazibonakalisa nge-acute, subacute noma ifomu elingapheli, futhi izimpawu zisukela ekubonakaleni kuya ezinkampanini ezinamandla nakakhulu ezibangela ubuhlungu be-thyroid, ubunzima bokugwinya, umkhuhlane noma amakhaza, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuya ngesizathu. Qonda ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani i-thyroiditis nezimbangela zayo eziyinhloko.

3. IHashimoto's thyroiditis

IHashimoto's thyroiditis uhlobo lwesifo esingalapheki se-autoimmune thyroiditis, esidala ukuvuvukala, ukulimala kwamaseli bese kusebenza kahle kwe-thyroid, okungenzeka kungakhiphi ama-hormone anele egazini.

Kulesi sifo i-thyroid ivame ukwanda ngosayizi, ibangele i-goiter, futhi izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism noma ukushintshana phakathi kwezikhathi ze-hyper ne-hypothyroidism kungenzeka kube khona. Yisifo esizimele esidala amasosha omzimba afana ne-anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-TSH receptor (anti-TSHr). Bona ukwelashwa ngokuchofoza lapha.

4. I-Postpartum thyroiditis

I-Postpartum thyroiditis ingenye yezinhlobo ze-autoimmune thyroiditis, ethinta abesifazane kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ingane izelwe, okuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma ezinye izifo ezizimele.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, owesifazane uvezwa izicubu zomntwana, futhi ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa, amasosha omzimba enza izinguquko eziningana, ezingakhuphula amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezizimele. Lolu shintsho luvame ukubonakaliswa ngezimpawu ze-hypothyroidism, kepha aludingi ukwelashwa njalo ngoba umsebenzi wegilo ungabuyela kokujwayelekile ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili.

5. Imbuzi

I-Goiter yanda ngosayizi wegilo. Kungaba nezimbangela eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukungabi khona kwe-iodine, ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid ngenxa yezifo ezizimele noma ukwakheka kwamaqhuqhuva ku-thyroid, futhi kungadala izimpawu ezinjengokuqina emphinjeni, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukushuba, ukukhwehlela futhi, ezimweni eziningi ukuphefumula kanzima, ngisho nobunzima.

Ukwelashwa kwayo kuyahlukahluka ngokusho kwembangela, futhi kungahle kube nokusetshenziswa kwe-iodine, imishanguzo ye-hyper noma i-hypothyroidism noma, ezimeni zamaqhuqhuva nama-cysts, ngisho nokusebenza kokuhlinzwa kwegilo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-goiter iyini, ukuthi ungayibona kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani.

6. Isifo samathuna

Isifo se-Graves siyindlela ye-hyperthyroidism ngenxa yezimbangela zokuzivikela komzimba, futhi ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism, singabonisa i-thyroid ekhulisiwe, amehlo aphumayo (palpebral retraction), ukwakheka kwamapuleti aqinile futhi abomvu ngaphansi kwesikhumba (myxedema).

Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokulawulwa kwamazinga ama-hormone e-thyroid, ngemithi efana nePropiltiouracil noma iMetimazole, ngokwesibonelo, noma nge-iodine enemisebe.Bona imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo lapha.

7. Isigaxa sendlala yegilo

Isizathu sokubonakala kwe-cyst noma i-nodule ku-thyroid ayitholakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaqhubu ku-thyroid, futhi ngenhlanhla iningi lawo linobungozi, futhi lingaveza ngesigaxa engxenyeni engaphambili yentamo, engabangeli ubuhlungu, kepha engabonakala lapho umuntu egwinya ukudla, ngoba isibonelo.

Ingabonakala ngokushaya ngezindlebe, kanye nokuhlolwa okufana ne-ultrasound, tomography kanye ne-scintigraphy yegilozi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi udokotela angayalela i-biopsy ukuthola uhlobo lwayo nokuthi ayinabungozi noma ayisiyimbi yini. Ngokuvamile, yi-nodule kuphela ebhekiwe, ngaphandle kwalapho umuntu enezimpawu, lapho kunengozi yokuba nomdlavuza wegilo noma lapho i-nodule ishintsha ukubukeka kwayo noma ikhula ngaphezu kwe-1 cm. Bona imininingwane eminingi ngokuchofoza lapha.

8. Umdlavuza wegilo

Kuyisilonda esibucayi se-thyroid, futhi lapho kutholakala, kufanele kwenziwe izivivinyo, njenge-scintigraphy yomzimba wonke ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zithintekile yini. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokususwa kwe-thyroid ngokuhlinzwa, futhi kungahle kube nesidingo sezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezihambisanayo njengokusebenzisa iodine enemisebe, ngokwesibonelo. Ezimweni zezimila ezinzima kakhulu nezinolaka, i-radiotherapy nayo ingasetshenziswa. Bona izimpawu ezi-7 ezingakhombisa umdlavuza wegilo.

Futhi bukela le vidiyo elandelayo futhi ufunde ukuthi yikuphi ukudla ongakudla ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza we-thyroid:

Ungazibona kanjani izinkinga ze-thyroid

Ukuhlolwa okungakhombisa ubukhona bezinguquko ze-thyroid ukukala kwe-T3, T4 ne-TSH egazini, ngaphezu kwezinye ezifana nesilinganiso se-antibody, i-ultrasound, i-scintigraphy noma i-biopsy, enga-odwa ngudokotela we-endocrinologist ukuthi aphenye kangcono isizathu yezinguquko. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezivivinyo ezihlola i-thyroid.