Tularemia: kuyini, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu zeTularemia
• Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani kubantu
• Yelashwa kanjani
• Ungazivikela kanjani ku-tularemia

I-Tularemia yisifo esingajwayelekile esithathelwanayo esaziwa nangokuthi yi-rabbit fever, ngoba indlela yokudlulisa esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxhumana nabantu nesilwane esinegciwane. Lesi sifo sidalwa amagciwaneUFrancisella tularensis okujwayele ukuthelela izilwane zasendle, njengamagundane, amahare kanye nonogwaja, okungatheleleka kubantu futhi kudale izinkinga ezingaholela ekufeni.

Yize ibulala, i-tularemia inokwelapha okulula futhi okusebenzayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic kunconywa izinsuku ezingaba yishumi kuya kwezingu-21 ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela. I-Tularemia ivame kakhulu enyakatho ye-United States, eYurophu nase-Asia, ngaphandle kwamacala abikiwe eBrazil, noma kunjalo uma kwenzeka, kunconywa ukwazisa uMnyango Wezempilo ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo, njengoba kuwumbiko ophoqelelwe isifo.

Izimpawu zeTularemia

Izimpawu zokutheleleka ngegciwane zingathatha izinsuku ezi-3 kuye kweziyi-14, kepha kuvame kakhulu ukuthi izimpawu zokuqala zivele kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu ngemuva kokuvezwa. Izimpawu zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nendlela amabhaktheriya angene ngayo emzimbeni, noma ngabe kungenxa yomoya, ukuxhumana nezilwane ezingcolisiwe, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila noma ukungeniswa kwamanzi angcolile, ngokwesibonelo.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-tularemia ukuvela kwesilonda esincane esikhunjeni okunzima ukusiphilisa futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nomkhuhlane omkhulu. Ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile ezingenzeka uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka ngamagciwane yilezi:

• Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukukhathala;
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba;
• Ikhanda;
• Malaise;
• Ukukhwehlela okomile;
• Umphimbo obuhlungu;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.

Njengoba izimpawu nazo ziyahlukahluka ngokwendlela amagciwane angena ngayo emzimbeni, kungahle kube khona:

• Umqala obuhlungu, ubuhlungu besisu, uhudo nokuhlanza, uma umuntu ephuze amanzi angcolile;
• I-Septicemia noma i-pneumonia, uma amagciwane engenile emzimbeni ngezindlela zomoya, ayenza ifinyelele egazini kalula;
• Ububomvu emehlweni, amehlo anamanzi kanye nokuba khona kobovu, lapho amagciwane engena ngamehlo.

Ukuxilongwa kweTularemia kwenziwa ngokususelwa ekuhlaziyweni kwezimpawu nakumphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi nokuhlolwa okuncane okukhomba ubukhona begciwane. Kubalulekile ukuthi umuntu akwazi ukubona ukuthi ukuthintana namagciwane kwenzeka kanjani ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka futhi.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqalwe ngemuva nje kokuxilongwa ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya ekusakazekeni aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi adale izinkinga.

Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani kubantu

Abantu bangangcoliswa ngokuxhumana nemikhaza, amazenze, izintwala, omiyane nezimpukane, nangokusetshenziswa kwamanzi angcolile, noma ngokuxhumana negazi, izicubu noma i-viscera yezilwane ezinesifo. Ezinye izinhlobo zokungcola zifaka phakathi ukudla inyama, ukulunywa noma ukuklinywa yilesi silwane esingcolisiwe, nokuhogela uthuli lomhlaba olonakele, okusanhlamvu noma insimbi.

Inyama kanogwaja wasendle ongcolile, noma ngabe igcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, njenge -15ºC isalokhu ingcolisiwe ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka ubhadane, akukhuthazwa ukuba kudliwe onogwaja noma amahares.

Yelashwa kanjani

Yize kuyisifo esingajwayelekile futhi esivame ukubulala, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuyasebenza impela, ukukwazi ukuqeda amabhaktheriya emzimbeni emasontweni ambalwa nokugwema izinkinga ezingakhula njengoba amagciwane anda futhi esakazeka.

Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotic akhonjiswa ngudokotela ukwelapha i-tularemia yi-Streptomycin, Gentamicin, Doxycycline kanye ne-Ciprofloxacin, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa izinsuku eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-21 ngokwesigaba sesifo kanye ne-antibiotic ekhethwe ngudokotela. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ukuhlonza ukuthola ibhaktheriya kwenziwa ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kuyasebenza yini, kanye nesidingo sokushintsha noma sokuqhubeka nokwelashwa siqinisekisiwe.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, izinsana nezingane udokotela anganquma ukugcina ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kunamanzi amaningi futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingozi / inzuzo yokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic iGentamicin ne-Ciprofloxacin, aphikisanayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele inakwe, kepha okuyizinto efaneleke kakhulu ekwelapheni lesi sifo.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-tularemia

Ukuzivikela eTularemia, kubalulekile ukugwema ukudla ukudla noma ukuphuza amanzi angangcoliswa futhi ugqoke amagilavu ​​nezimaski lapho uphatha isilwane esigulayo noma esifile esingangcoliswa naso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinto zokuxosha kanye namabhulukwe amade ne-blouse ukuvikela isikhumba ekulunyweni izinambuzane okungenzeka ukuthi kungcoliswe yigciwane.