Ukuqonda uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela

-Delile

• Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukwelashwa kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela
• Imithi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukudla kohlobo 2 sikashukela
• Ukudla neziphuzo okufanele zikugweme
• Ukudla okumele ukhethe
• Okubalulekile
• Izici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukuthola uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela
• Amathiphu wokuthi ungasinqanda kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukudla
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukuphathwa kwesisindo
• Okubalulekile
• Izinkinga ezihambisana nohlobo 2 sikashukela
• I-Hypoglycemia
• I-Hyperglycemia
• Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokukhulelwa
• Okubalulekile
• Thayipha 2 sikashukela ezinganeni
• Izibalo ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• Ukuphatha uhlobo 2 sikashukela

NgoMeyi 2020, okunconywayo ukuthi abanye abenzi be-metformin enwetshiwe bakhiphe amanye amaphilisi abo emakethe yase-U.S. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga elingamukeleki le-carcinogen (i-agent ebangela umdlavuza) itholakale kwamanye amaphilisi e-metformin akhululwa isikhathi eside. Uma okwamanje uthatha lo muthi, shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Bazokweluleka ngokuthi ngabe kufanele uqhubeke nokudla imishanguzo yakho noma uma udinga incwadi kadokotela entsha.

Isifo sikashukela yisimo sezokwelapha esingelapheki lapho amazinga kashukela, noma i-glucose, akha phezulu egazini lakho. I-hormone insulin isiza ukuhambisa i-glucose egazini lakho iye kumaseli akho, lapho isetshenziselwa khona amandla.

Kuhlobo lwe-2 sikashukela, amaseli omzimba wakho awakwazi ukuphendula i-insulin njengoba kufanele. Ezigabeni zakamuva zesifo, umzimba wakho ungahle ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele.

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela olungalawulwa olungalawulwa luholela emazingeni aphezulu eglucose egazini, okudala izimpawu eziningana futhi okungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Kuhlobo lwe-2 sikashukela, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukusebenzisa kahle i-insulin ukuletha i-glucose kumaseli akho. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umzimba wakho uthembele kweminye imithombo yamandla ezicutshini zakho, emisipheni, nasemalungeni omzimba. Lokhu ukusabela kwamaketanga okungadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene.

Uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela lungakhula kancane. Izimpawu zingaba mnene futhi kube lula ukuziqeda ekuqaleni. Izimpawu zokuqala zingafaka:

• indlala engapheli
• ukungabi namandla
• ukukhathala
• ukuncipha komzimba
• ukoma ngokweqile
• ukuchama kaningi
• umlomo owomile
• isikhumba esilumayo
• ukungaboni kahle

Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, izimpawu ziba nzima kakhulu futhi zibe yingozi.

Uma amazinga eglucose egazi ebephakeme isikhathi eside, izimpawu zingabandakanya:

• imvubelo izifo
• ukusikeka kancane noma izilonda
• amabala amnyama esikhunjeni sakho, isimo esaziwa njenge-acanthosis nigricans
• ubuhlungu bezinyawo
• imizwa yokuba ndikindiki emaphethelweni akho, noma i-neuropathy

Uma unezimpawu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, isifo sikashukela singasongela impilo. Thola ezinye izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

I-insulini iyi-hormone eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. Ama-pancreas akho awakhiqiza futhi awadedele lapho udla. I-insulin isiza ukuhambisa i-glucose kusuka egazini lakho iye kumaseli emzimbeni wakho wonke, lapho isetshenziselwa khona amandla.

Uma une-type 2 yesifo sikashukela, umzimba wakho umelana ne-insulin. Umzimba wakho awusasebenzisi i-hormone kahle. Lokhu kuphoqa amanyikwe akho ukuthi asebenze kanzima ukwenza i-insulin eningi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungalimaza amaseli kuma-pancreas akho. Ekugcineni, amanyikwe akho kungenzeka angakwazi ukukhiqiza noma iyiphi i-insulin.

Uma ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele noma uma umzimba wakho ungayisebenzisi kahle, i-glucose iyakheka egazini lakho. Lokhu kushiya amaseli omzimba wakho elambile amandla. Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela lolu chungechunge lwemicimbi.

Kungahle kuhlangane nokungasebenzi kweseli kumanyikwe noma ngokusayinwa kwamaseli nokulawulwa kwawo. Kwabanye abantu, isibindi sikhiqiza ushukela omningi kakhulu. Kungaba nokuthambekela kofuzo ekuthuthukiseni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili.

Nakanjani kukhona ukuthambekela kofuzo kokukhuluphala, okwandisa ubungozi bokumelana ne-insulin nesifo sikashukela. Kungabakhona futhi imbangela yezemvelo.

Kungenzeka kakhulu, yinhlanganisela yezinto ezandisa ubungozi bohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Thola kabanzi ngezimbangela zesifo sikashukela.

Ukwelashwa kohlobo lwesibili sikashukela

Ungaphatha ngempumelelo uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uhlole kaningi kangakanani amazinga eglucose yegazi lakho. Umgomo ukuhlala ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile.

Landela lawa macebiso ukuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2:

• Faka ukudla okunothe ku-fiber ne-carbohydrate enempilo ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla izithelo, imifino, kanye nezinhlamvu eziphelele kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga eglucose egazi akho eqinile.
• Yidla ngezikhathi ezithile
• Yidla kuphela uze usuthe.
• Lawula isisindo sakho futhi ugcine inhliziyo yakho iphilile. Lokho kusho ukugcina ama-carbohydrate acwengekile, amaswidi, namafutha ezilwane okungenani.
• Thola cishe isigamu sehora lomsebenzi we-aerobic nsuku zonke ukusiza ukugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza ukulawula i-glucose yegazi, futhi.

Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu zokuqala zikashukela wegazi eziphakeme kakhulu noma eziphansi kakhulu nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni ngasinye. Zizokusiza futhi ukuthi ufunde ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okunempilo nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okungekho.

Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 odinga ukusebenzisa i-insulin. Uma wenza kanjalo, kungenxa yokuthi amanyikwe akho akenzi i-insulin eyanele ngokwawo. Kubalulekile ukuthi uthathe i-insulin njengokuyalelwa. Kuneminye imithi kadokotela engasiza futhi.

Imithi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Kwezinye izimo, ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kwanele ukugcina uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela silawulwa. Uma kungenjalo, kunemithi eminingi engasiza. Eminye yale mithi yile:

• i-metformin, enganciphisa amazinga e-glucose egazini lakho futhi ithuthukise indlela umzimba wakho ophendula ngayo ku-insulin - yindlela yokwelashwa ekhethwayo kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• i-sulfonylureas, okuyimithi yokwelashwa esiza umzimba wakho wenze i-insulin eningi
• i-meglitinides, esebenza ngokushesha, imishanguzo yesikhashana eyenza ama-pancreas akho akhiphe i-insulin eyengeziwe
• thiazolidinediones, okwenza umzimba wakho uzwele kakhulu ku-insulin
• i-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, okuyimithi ethambile esiza ekwehliseni amazinga kashukela egazini
• i-glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, eyehlisa ukugaya futhi ithuthukise amazinga eglucose egazini
• i-sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, esiza ukuvimbela izinso ekubuyiseleni i-glucose egazini futhi ziyithumele emchameni wakho

Ngayinye yale mithi ingadala imiphumela emibi. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola umuthi omuhle kakhulu noma inhlanganisela yemithi yokwelapha isifo sakho sikashukela.

Uma ingcindezi yakho yegazi noma amazinga e-cholesterol eyinkinga, ungadinga imishanguzo ukubhekana nalezo zidingo futhi.

Uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukwenza i-insulin eyanele, ungahle udinge ukwelashwa nge-insulin. Ungahle udinge umjovo osebenza isikhathi eside ongawuthatha ebusuku, noma ungadinga ukuthatha i-insulin kaningana ngosuku. Funda ngeminye imithi engakusiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela.

Ukudla kohlobo 2 sikashukela

Ukudla kuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile futhi amazinga eglucose egazi ebangeni eliphephile nelinempilo. Akudingeki ukuba kube nzima noma kungathandeki.

Ukudla okunconyelwe abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kungukudla okufanayo cishe wonke umuntu okufanele akulandele. Ibilisa ezenzweni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

• Yidla ukudla nokudla okulula ngesikhathi.
• Khetha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla ezinomsoco omningi namakhalori angenalutho.
• Qaphela ukuthi ungadli ngokweqile.
• Funda amalebula okudla eduze.

Ukudla neziphuzo okufanele zikugweme

Kukhona ukudla neziphuzo ezithile okufanele uzilinganisele noma uzigweme ngokuphelele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukudla okusindayo kumafutha agcwele noma agqilizayo
• inyama yomzimba, njengenyama yenkomo noma isibindi
• inyama esetshenzisiwe
• izimbaza
• imajarini nokunciphisa
• izimpahla ezibhakiwe ezifana nesinkwa esimhlophe, ama-bagel
• ukudla okulula okusetshenzisiwe
• iziphuzo ezinoshukela, kufaka phakathi neziphuzo zezithelo
• imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amaningi
• i-pasta noma irayisi elimhlophe

Ukweqa ukudla okunosawoti nokudla okuthosiwe kunconyiwe. Bheka lolu hlu lokunye ukudla neziphuzo ukuze wazi ukuthi unesifo sikashukela yini.

Ukudla okumele ukhethe

Ama-carbohydrate anempilo angakunika i-fiber. Izinketho zifaka:

• izithelo zonke
• imifino engekho isitashi
• imidumba, njengobhontshisi
• okusanhlamvu okuphelele njenge-oats noma i-quinoa
• ubhatata

Ukudla okune-omega-3 fatty acids enempilo yenhliziyo kufaka:

• ituna
• isardadi
• uhlobo lwenhlanzi
• imackerel
• i-halibut
• ikhodi
• imbewu yefilakisi

Ungathola amafutha we-monounsaturated nama-polyunsaturated enempilo kusuka enanini lokudla, kufaka phakathi:

• amafutha, njengamafutha omnqumo, amafutha we-canola, namafutha amakinati
• amantongomane, njengama-alimondi, ama-pecans nama-walnuts
• ukwatapheya

Yize lezi zinketho zamafutha anempilo zikulungele, futhi zinama-calories aphezulu. Ukulinganisela kuyisihluthulelo. Ukukhetha imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane kuzogcina nokudla kwakho okunamafutha kulawulwa. Thola okuningi ukudla okunesifo sikashukela, kusuka kusinamoni kuya kuma-noodle e-shirataki.

Okubalulekile

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinhloso zakho zokudla okunomsoco kanye nekhalori. Ngokubambisana, ungaqhamuka nohlelo lokudla oluthandeka kakhulu futhi olufanele izidingo zakho zendlela yokuphila. Hlola ukubalwa kwe-carb kanye nokudla kwaseMedithera, kanye nezinye izindlela, lapha.

Izici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Singahle singaqondi izimbangela ngqo zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kodwa siyazi ukuthi izici ezithile zingakubeka engcupheni eyengeziwe.

Izici ezithile zingaphandle kolawulo lwakho:

• Ingozi yakho iba nkulu uma unomfowenu, udadewenu, noma umzali onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
• Ungaba nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha ingozi yakho iyanda njengoba ukhula. Ingozi yakho iphakeme kakhulu uma usufike eminyakeni engama-45 ubudala.
• Abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika, abaseSpain-baseMelika, abase-Asia-baseMelika, iziQhingi zasePacific kanye nabaseMelika baseMelika (amaNdiya aseMelika kanye nabomdabu base-Alaska) basengozini enkulu kunabantu baseCaucasus.
• Abesifazane abanesimo esibizwa nge-polycystic ovarian syndrome (i-PCOS) basengozini enkulu.

Ungakwazi ukuguqula lezi zinto:

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kusho ukuthi unezicubu ezinamafutha amaningi, okwenza amaseli akho amelane kakhulu ne-insulin. Amafutha athe xaxa esiswini akhuphula ubungozi bakho ngaphezu kwamanoni engeziwe ezinqeni nasemathangeni.
• Ingozi yakho iyanda uma unendlela yokuphila. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kusebenzisa i-glucose futhi kusiza amaseli akho aphendule kangcono ku-insulin.
• Ukudla ukudla okuningi okungenamsoco noma ukudla kakhulu kudala amazinga eglucose egazini lakho.

Usengozini eyengeziwe uma ngabe unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma ama-prediabetes, izimo ezimbili ezibangelwa amazinga aphezulu eglucose. Funda kabanzi ngezici ezingakhuphula ubungozi besifo sikashukela.

Ukuthola uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi une-prediabetes noma cha, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Udokotela wakho angathola imininingwane eminingi emsebenzini wegazi. Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kungafaka okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hemoglobin A1C. Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala amazinga eshukela kashukela ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu ezedlule. Awudingi ukuzila ukudla ngalolu vivinyo, futhi udokotela wakho angakuxilonga ngokuya ngemiphumela. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated.
• Ukuzama ukuhlolwa kwe-plasma glucose. Lokhu kuhlolwa kukala ukuthi ingakanani i-glucose eku-plasma yakho. Ungadinga ukuzila ukudla amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokuba ube nakho.
• Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelana kwe-glucose ngomlomo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, igazi lakho lidonselwa kathathu: ngaphambili, ngemuva kwehora elilodwa, nangemva kwamahora amabili uphuze umthamo we-glucose. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi umzimba wakho usebenzisana kahle kanjani noshukela ngaphambi nangemva kwesiphuzo.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imininingwane yokuthi ungasilawula kanjani lesi sifo, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuthi ungaqapha kanjani amazinga eglucose yegazi uwedwa
• izincomo zokudla
• izincomo zomsebenzi womzimba
• imininingwane nganoma imiphi imithi oyidingayo

Ungadinga ukubona i-endocrinologist egxile ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela. Kuzodingeka ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho kaningi ekuqaleni ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luyasebenza.

Uma ungenayo i-endocrinologist, ithuluzi le-Healthline FindCare lingakusiza ukuthi uthole udokotela endaweni yangakini.

Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekuphatheni kahle isifo sikashukela. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi sitholakala kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Amathiphu wokuthi ungasinqanda kanjani isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Awukwazi njalo ukuvimbela uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Akukho ongakwenza ngezakhi zofuzo zakho, ubuhlanga, noma ubudala.

Kodwa-ke, ama-tweaks ambalwa wokuphila angasiza ukubambezeleka noma ukuvimbela ukuqala kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2, noma ngabe unezici zobungozi besifo sikashukela njenge-prediabetes.

Ukudla

Ukudla kwakho kufanele kukhawulele ushukela nama-carbohydrate acwengekile futhi esikhundleni sako kusetshenziswe okusanhlamvu okuphansi okuphelele kwe-glycemic, ama-carbohydrate kanye ne-fiber. Inyama enciphile, inkukhu, noma inhlanzi inikeza amaprotheni. Udinga futhi ama-omega-3 fatty acids anempilo yenhliziyo avela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinhlanzi, amafutha e-monounsaturated, namafutha we-polyunsaturated. Imikhiqizo yobisi kufanele ibe namafutha amancane.

Akukhona kuphela lokho okudlayo, kodwa futhi nokuthi udla kangakanani okubalulekile. Kufanele uqaphele ngobukhulu besabelo bese uzama ukudla ukudla ngasikhathi sinye nsuku zonke.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela luhlotshaniswa nokungasebenzi. Ukuthola ukuzivocavoca umzimba imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke kungathuthukisa impilo yakho yonke. Zama ukwengeza ukunyakaza okwengeziwe usuku lonke, futhi.

Ukuphathwa kwesisindo

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile. Ukudla ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco nokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke kufanele kukusize ugcine isisindo sakho silawulwa. Uma lezo zinguquko zingasebenzi, udokotela wakho angenza izincomo ezithile zokwehlisa isisindo ngokuphepha.

Okubalulekile

Lezi zinguquko ekudleni, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kanye nokuphathwa kwesisindo zisebenza ndawonye ukusiza ukugcina amazinga eglucose egazini lakho ebangeni elifanele usuku lonke. Thola ukuthi i-curcumin, uvithamini D, ngisho nekhofi kungakusiza kanjani ukuvimbela uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Izinkinga ezihambisana nohlobo 2 sikashukela

Kubantu abaningi, thayipha i-2 yesifo sikashukela singaphathwa ngempumelelo. Uma ingalawulwa kahle, ingathinta cishe zonke izitho zakho futhi iholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi:

• izinkinga zesikhumba, njengokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ukhunta
• ukulimala kwemizwa, noma i-neuropathy, okungadala ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukuba ndikindiki nokushosheka emaphethelweni akho kanye nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla, njengokuhlanza, uhudo, nokuqunjelwa
• ukusakazeka kahle kwezinyawo, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi izinyawo zakho zilapheke lapho usike noma unesifo futhi kungaholela ekulimaleni nasekulahlekeni konyawo noma umlenze
• ukukhubazeka kokuzwa
• ukulimala kwe-retina, noma i-retinopathy, nokulimala kwamehlo, okungadala ukubola, i-glaucoma kanye ne-cataract
• izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi, i-angina, isifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi

I-Hypoglycemia

I-Hypoglycemia ingenzeka lapho ushukela wegazi lakho uphansi. Izimpawu zingafaka ukuthuthumela, isiyezi, nobunzima bokukhuluma. Ngokuvamile ungakulungisa lokhu ngokudla noma isiphuzo “esisheshayo”, njengejusi yezithelo, isiphuzo esithambile, noma uswidi onzima.

I-Hyperglycemia

I-Hyperglycemia ingenzeka lapho ushukela wegazi uphakeme. Ngokuvamile kubonakala ngokuchama njalo nokwanda kokoma. Ukuvivinya umzimba kungasiza ukwehlisa izinga le-glucose egazini lakho.

Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokukhulelwa

Uma unesifo sikashukela ngenkathi ukhulelwe, uzodinga ukuqapha isimo sakho ngokucophelela. Isifo sikashukela esilawulwa kahle singa:

• ubunzima bokukhulelwa, ukubeletha nokubeletha
• ukulimaza izitho ezikhulayo zengane yakho
• kubangele ingane yakho ukuthi ikhuluphale ngokweqile

Kungakhuphula futhi ingozi yengane yakho yokuhlaselwa yisifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo.

Okubalulekile

Isifo sikashukela sihambisana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.

Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngemuva kwesokuqala. Ingozi yabo yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo iphindwe kane kunabesifazane abangenaso isifo sikashukela. Abesilisa abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba ama-3.5 wokuthuthukisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile (ED).

Ukulimala kwezinso nokuhluleka kwezinso kungathinta abesifazane nabesilisa abanalesi sifo. Thatha lezi zinyathelo ukunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kwezinso nezinye izinkinga zesifo sikashukela.

Thayipha 2 sikashukela ezinganeni

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezinganeni luyinkinga ekhulayo.Ngokusho kwe-American Diabetes Association (ADA), abantu baseMelika abangaba ngu-193,000 abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 bane-type 1 noma uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela. Ucwaningo oluthile lwathola ukuthi izehlakalo zesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili ebusheni zikhuphuke zaya ezigidini ezingama-5 000 ngonyaka. Olunye ucwaningo lukhombise ukwanda okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlangeni ezincane kanye namaqembu ezinhlanga.

Izizathu zalokhu ziyinkimbinkimbi, kepha izici zobungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zifaka:

• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, noma ukuba nenkomba yesisindo somzimba ngaphezu kwe-85th percentile
• ukuba nesisindo sokuzalwa esingamakhilogremu ayi-9 noma ngaphezulu
• ukuzalwa ngumama owayenesifo sikashukela ngenkathi ekhulelwe
• ukuba nelungu lomndeni eliseduze elinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2
• ukuba nokuhlala phansi
• ukuba yi-African-American, Hispanic American, Asian-American, Native American, noma i-Pacific Islander

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezinganeni ziyefana nalezo zabantu abadala. Kubandakanya:

• ukoma ngokweqile noma indlala
• ukwanda kokuchama
• izilonda eziphuza ukwelashwa
• ukutheleleka okuvamile
• ukukhathala
• ukungaboni kahle
• izindawo zesikhumba esimnyama

Bheka udokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha uma unalezi zimpawu.

Ku-2018, i-ADA yancoma ukuthi zonke izingane ezikhuluphele ngokweqile futhi ezinezici ezengeziwe zobungozi besifo sikashukela zihlolelwe ama-prediabetes noma uhlobo lwesi-2. Isifo sikashukela esingalashwa singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu nezisongela impilo.

Ukuhlolwa kweglucose okungahleliwe kungaveza amazinga aphezulu eglucose egazini. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin A1C kunganikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa mayelana namazinga eshukela egazi ngokwesilinganiso ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Ingane yakho ingadinga nokuhlolwa kweglucose egazini okusheshayo.

Uma ingane yakho kutholakala ukuthi inesifo sikashukela, udokotela wayo kuzodingeka anqume ukuthi ngabe uhlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2 ngaphambi kokuphakamisa ukwelashwa okuthile.

Ungasiza ukwehlisa ingozi yengane yakho ngokuyikhuthaza ukuba idle kahle futhi isebenze ngokomzimba nsuku zonke. Thola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umphumela waso ezinganeni, nokuthi lujwayeleka kanjani kuleli qembu olungasaziwa njengesifo sikashukela esiqala abantu abadala.

Izibalo ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Umbiko ubike izibalo ezilandelayo ngesifo sikashukela e-United States:

• Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-30 banesifo sikashukela. Lokho cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-10 wabantu.
• Umuntu oyedwa kwabane akazi ukuthi unesifo sikashukela.
• Isifo sikashukela sithinta abantu abadala abayizigidi ezingama-84.1, kanti amaphesenti angama-90 abo awasazi.
• Abantu abadala abamnyama, abaseSpain nabaseMelika baseMelika kumele babe nesifo sikashukela njengabantu abadala abamhlophe abangewona amaSpanishi.

I-ADA ibika izibalo ezilandelayo:

• Ku-2017, isifo sikashukela sabiza i-United States $ 327 billion ezindlekweni eziqondile zokwelashwa kanye nokwehlisa umkhiqizo.
• Izindleko zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zabantu abanesifo sikashukela ziphindwe cishe izikhathi ezi-2.3 kunalezo ebezingaba khona uma singekho isifo sikashukela.
• Isifo sikashukela siyimbangela yesikhombisa yokufa e-United States, kungaba yimbangela yokufa noma njengesizathu sokufa.

Ibika izibalo ezilandelayo:

• Ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela ngonyaka ka-2014 kwaba ngamaphesenti ayi-8.5 kubantu abadala.
• Ngo-1980, amaphesenti angu-4.7 kuphela abantu abadala emhlabeni wonke ababenesifo sikashukela.
• Isifo sikashukela sidale ngqo ukufa kwabantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-1.6 emhlabeni wonke ngo-2016.
• Isifo sikashukela sicishe siyiphindaphinde kathathu ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi kubantu abadala.
• Isifo sikashukela siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokuhluleka kwezinso.

Umthelela wesifo sikashukela usabalele. Ithinta izimpilo zabantu abacishe babe yisigamu-sezigidigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Buka amanye ama-infographics akhanyisa kwezinye izibalo zesifo sikashukela okufanele wazi.

Ukuphatha uhlobo 2 sikashukela

Ukuphatha uhlobo 2 sikashukela kudinga ukusebenzisana. Uzodinga ukusebenza eduze nodokotela wakho, kepha imiphumela eminingi incike ezenzweni zakho.

Udokotela wakho angafuna ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthola amazinga eglucose egazi lakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunqumeni ukuthi usiphatha kahle kanjani lesi sifo. Uma uthatha imithi, lezi zivivinyo zizosiza ukukala ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ngoba isifo sikashukela sandisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho uzophinda aqaphe umfutho wegazi lakho namazinga egazi egazini.

Uma unezimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka i-electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG) noma ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yenhliziyo.

Landela lawa macebiso okusiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela:

• Gcina ukudla okunomsoco okubandakanya imifino engeyona enesitashi, i-fiber egcwele okusanhlamvu, amaprotheni anciphile, namafutha angagcotshwanga. Gwema amafutha angenampilo, ushukela nama-carbohydrate alula.
• Finyelela futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo.
• Vivinya umzimba nsuku zonke.
• Thatha yonke imithi yakho njengoba kunconyiwe.
• Sebenzisa uhlelo lokuqapha ekhaya ukuhlola amazinga akho kashukela egazini phakathi kokuvakashela udokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ukwenze kangaki lokho nokuthi uhla lwakho lokuqondisa kufanele lube yini.

Kungasiza futhi ukuletha umndeni wakho emgodini. Bafundise ngezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zamazinga kashukela egazini aphezulu kakhulu noma aphansi kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukusiza esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Uma wonke umuntu ekhaya lakho elandela ukudla okunempilo futhi ebamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni komzimba, nonke niyozuza. Bheka lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezizokusiza uphile impilo engcono nesifo sikashukela.

Funda le ndatshana ngeSpanishi.