Izinhlobo Ezi-9 Zomdlavuza Webele Wonke Umuntu Okufanele Aazi Ngazo

-Delile

• Uyini umdlavuza webele?
• Unquma kanjani ukuthi hlobo luni lomdlavuza webele umuntu onalo?
• Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zomdlavuza Webele
• Buyekeza kwe-

Kungenzeka ukuthi wazi umuntu onomdlavuza webele: Cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabangu-8 baseMelika uzoba nomdlavuza webele empilweni yakhe. Noma kunjalo, kunethuba elihle lokuthi awukwazi okuningi ngazo zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele umuntu angaba nazo. Yebo, kunokuhlukahluka okuningi kwalesi sifo futhi ukubazi kungasindisa impilo yakho (noma yomunye umuntu).

Uyini umdlavuza webele?

"Umdlavuza webele yigama elikhulu lebhakede elihlanganisa yonke imidlavuza esebeleni, kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza webele nezindlela eziningi zokuzihlukanisa," kusho uJanie Grumley, MD, udokotela ohlinza ibele kanye nomqondisi weMargie Petersen. Isikhungo Sebele e-Providence Saint John's Center eSanta Monica, CA.

Unquma kanjani ukuthi hlobo luni lomdlavuza webele umuntu onalo?

Izincazelo ezibalulekile ukuthi umdlavuza webele uyahlasela yini noma cha (i-in-situ isho ukuthi umdlavuza uqukethwe emithanjeni yebele futhi awukwazi ukusabalala; i-invasive inamandla okuhamba ngaphandle kwebele; noma i-metastatic, okusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza adlulele kwamanye. amasayithi emzimbeni); umsuka womdlavuza kanye nohlobo lwamaseli oluthintayo (i-ductal, lobular, carcinoma, noma i-metaplastic); nokuthi hlobo luni lwama-receptors e-hormonal akhona (i-estrogen; i-progesterone; i-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 noma i-HER-2; noma i-triple-negative, engenawo ama-receptors ashiwo ngenhla). Ama-Receptor yiwo akhombisa ukuthi amangqamuzana webele (anomdlavuza nokunye okunempilo) ukuthi akhule. Zonke lezi zici zithonya uhlobo lokwelapha oluzosebenza kakhulu. Ngokujwayelekile, uhlobo lomdlavuza webele luzofaka lonke lolu lwazi egameni. (Okuhlobene: Amaqiniso Okufanele Ukwazi Ngomdlavuza Webele)

Siyazi—lokho kuningi okufanele sikukhumbule. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi kunokuhlukahluka okuningi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza webele-uma uqala ukungena kuma-subtypes, uhlu lukhula lube ngaphezu kweshumi nambili. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza webele, noma kunjalo, zivame kakhulu kunezinye, noma zibaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni ubungozi bakho bomdlavuza; nayi i-rundown ye-nine okufanele uyazi ngayo.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zomdlavuza Webele

1. I-Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

Lapho abantu abaningi becabanga ngomdlavuza webele, kungenzeka ukuthi kuyicala le-ductal carcinoma engenayo. Lolu wuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele, oluhlanganisa cishe amaphesenti angama-70 kuya kwangu-80 akho konke ukuxilonga, futhi ngokuvamile utholwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-mammogram. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele luchazwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ongajwayelekile aqala emiseleni yobisi kodwa adlulele kwezinye izingxenye zezicubu zebele, kwesinye isikhathi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. "Njengemidlavuza eminingi yamabele, ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu kuze kube yizigaba zakamuva," kusho uSharon Lum, M.D., umqondisi weLoma Linda University Breast Health Center eCalifornia. "Kodwa-ke, umuntu onalolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele angathola ukuqina kwesifuba, ukukhukhuka kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala esifubeni, ukuqhuma noma ukubomvu, noma ukuphuma kwengono."

2. I-Metastatic Breast Cancer

Futhi uvame ukubizwa nje ngokuthi 'isigaba 4 somdlavuza webele', lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele kulapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza asethole (okungukuthi asakazeka) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba — imvamisa isibindi, ubuchopho, amathambo, noma amaphaphu. Bahlukana nesimila sokuqala futhi badlule emgudwini wegazi noma ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo, azikho izimpawu ezisobala zomdlavuza webele, kepha ezigabeni zakamuva, ungabona ukuncipha kwesifuba (njengesikhumba se-orange), ukuguquka kwezingono, noma ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma kuphi emzimbeni , kusho uDkt Lum. Umdlavuza weSigaba 4 ngokusobala uzwakala usabisa, kodwa kunemishanguzo emisha ehlosiwe enikeza abesifazane abanomdlavuza webele we-metastatic ithuba lokusinda isikhathi eside, uyanezela.

3. I-Ductal Carcinoma Esimweni

I-Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) iyindlela yomdlavuza webele ongahlaseli lapho amaseli angajwayelekile etholakale emgqeni wobisi lwebele. Akuvamisile ukumakwa ngezimpawu, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi abantu bangase bezwe isigaxa noma baphume ingono enegazi. Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza luyisigaba sakuqala somdlavuza futhi luyalapheka, okuyinto enhle kakhulu—kodwa lokho futhi kwandisa ingcuphe yakho yokwelashwa ngokweqile (funda: i-radiotherapy engadingekile, ukwelapha ngamahomoni, noma ukuhlinzwa kwamangqamuzana okungenzeka angasakazeki noma abe imbangela yokukhathazeka okwengeziwe. ). Yize kunjalo, uDkt Lum uthi izifundo ezintsha bezilokhu zibheke ukubhekwa okusebenzayo kweDCIS (noma ukubuka kuphela) ukugwema lokhu.

4. I-Lobular Carcinoma Ehlaselayo

Uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza webele yi-invasive lobular carcinoma (ICL), futhi lubala cishe amaphesenti ayishumi ako konke ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele okuhlaselayo, ngokusho kwe-American Cancer Society. Igama elithi carcinoma lisho ukuthi umdlavuza uqala ezicutshini ezithile bese ekugcineni uhlanganisa isitho sangaphakathi — kulokhu izicubu zesifuba. I-ICL ibhekisa ngqo kumdlavuza osabalale ngobulembu obukhiqiza ubisi esifubeni futhi seluqale ukuhlasela izicubu.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-ICL ingasakazeka kuma-lymph node nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. “Lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele kungaba nzima ukulubona,” kusho uDkt Lum. "Ngisho noma isithombe sakho sijwayelekile, uma unesigaxa ebeleni, sihlole." (Kuhlobene: Lo oneminyaka engu-24 ubudala Uthole Iqhubu Lomdlavuza Webele Ngesikhathi Elungiselela Ukuyolala)

5. Umdlavuza Webele Ovuvukalayo

Ulaka futhi lukhula ngokushesha, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele lubhekwa njengesigaba sesi-3 futhi lubandakanya amaseli angena esikhunjeni nasemithanjeni ye-lymph yebele. Ngokuvamile asikho isimila noma isigaxa, kodwa uma imithambo ye-lymph isivimbekile, kungase kubonakale izimpawu ezinjengokulunywa, ukuqubuka, amaqhuqhuva anjengokulunywa yizinambuzane, namabele abomvu avuvukele. Ngenxa yokuthi ilingisa isimo sesikhumba, lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele lungathathwa kalula njengesifo, kusho uDkt. Lum, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uthola noma yiziphi izimo zesikhumba ezingavamile zihlolwe isikhumba sakho bese nodokotela wakho uma engathuthuki nganoma yisiphi. izindlela eziphakanyiswe uDerm. (Okuhlobene: Isixhumanisi Esiphakathi Kokulala Nomdlavuza Webele)

6. Umdlavuza Webele Ongenayo Kathathu

Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza webele onzima, onolaka futhi onzima ukwelashwa. Njengoba igama lingahle liphakamise, amaseli womdlavuza womuntu onomdlavuza webele webele owehlise kathathu ongemuhle kuwo womathathu ama-receptors, okusho ukuthi ukwelashwa okuvamile njengokwelashwa kwamahomoni kanye nemithi kadokotela ebhekise ku-estrogen, progesterone, naku-HER-2 ayisebenzi. Umdlavuza webele ongena kathathu uvame ukwelashwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali (okungasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi okuza nemiphumela emibi eminingi), kusho i-American Cancer Society. Le ndlela yomdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi ithinte abantu abasha, ama-Afrika-aseMelika, ama-Hispanics, kanye nalabo abanezinguquko ze-BRCA1, ngokusho kocwaningo olujwayelekile.

7. I-Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS)

Hhayi ukukudida, kodwa i-LCIS empeleni ayithathwa njengohlobo lomdlavuza webele, kusho uDkt. Lum. Esikhundleni salokho, lena yindawo yokukhula kwamaseli okungavamile ngaphakathi kwama-lobules (izindlala ezikhiqiza ubisi emiphakathini yebele). Lesi simo asibangeli zimpawu futhi ngokuvamile asibonakali ku-mammogram, kodwa ngokuvamile sitholakala kwabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nengama-50 ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwebele ngenxa yesinye isizathu. Noma kungewona umdlavuza, ngokwesibonelo, i-LCIS yandisa ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza webele ohlaselayo kamuva ekuphileni, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lapho ucabanga ngokuqhubekayo ngengozi yakho yomdlavuza. (Okuhlobene: Isayensi Yakamuva Ngengozi Yakho Yomdlavuza Webele, Kuchazwa Odokotela)

8. Umdlavuza Webele Wesilisa

Yebo, amadoda angawuthola umdlavuza webele. Ubaba kaBeyoncé empeleni usanda kuveza ukuthi ubhekene nalesi sifo futhi ufuna ukuqwashisa abantu besilisa nabesifazane ukuthi babe nolwazi. Ngenkathi kuphela iphesenti elilodwa lawo wonke umdlavuza webele owenzeka emadodeni futhi anezinga eliphansi kakhulu lezicubu zamabele, amazinga aphezulu e-estrogen (kungaba ngokwenzeka ngokwemvelo noma ngemithi / izidakamizwa zehomoni), ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, noma izimo ezithile ezifana neKlinefelter syndrome (a isimo sofuzo lapho owesilisa ezalwa ene-X chromosome eyengeziwe) konke kwandisa ingozi yendoda yokuba nomdlavuza esicutshini sakhe sebele. Futhi, bangathuthukisa izinhlobo ezifanayo zomdlavuza webele njengabesifazane (okungukuthi, abanye abakulolu hlu). Kodwa-ke, emadodeni, umdlavuza kulesi sicubu uvamise ukuba wuphawu lokuthi banokuguquguquka kofuzo okubenza babe sengozini yokukhula.konke izinhlobo zomdlavuza, kusho uDkt. Grumley. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu otholakale enomdlavuza webele athole ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukuqonda ingozi yakhe yomdlavuza, uyanezela.

9. Isifo sikaPaget Sengono

Isifo sikaPaget asijwayelekile futhi kulapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza aqoqa ingono ngaphakathi noma ezungeze. Ngokuvamile zithinta imigudu yengono kuqala, bese zisakazekela phezulu kanye ne-areola. Yingakho lolu hlobo lomdlavuza webele luvame ukubonakala ngezingono ezinamabala, ezibomvu, ezilumayo nezicasulayo futhi ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengephutha, kusho uDkt Lum. Noma isifo sikaPaget sesingono sibalwa ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ayisihlanu awo wonke amacala omdlavuza webele e-US, abantu abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-97 abanalesi simo banolunye uhlobo lomdlavuza webele (kungaba yiDCIS noma oluyisidlakudla), ngakho-ke kuhle ukuba ezazi izimpawu zalesi simo, kubika i-American Cancer Society.

Buyekeza kwe-