Uyenza nini i-Ultrasound yakho yokuqala yokukhulelwa

-Delile

• Zingaki i-ultrasound okufanele zenziwe lapho ukhulelwe
• Izifo nezinkinga ezingatholakala
• Ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa
• Ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa
• Ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa
• Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ultrasound ezingenziwa

I-ultrasound yokuqala kufanele yenziwe ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, phakathi kwamasonto ayi-11 kuya kwayi-14, kepha le-ultrasound ayisavumeli ukuthola ubulili bengane, okuvame ukwenzeka cishe ngesonto lama-20.

I-Ultrasound, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ultrasound noma i-ultrasound, wukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuvumela ukubonwa kwezithombe ngesikhathi sangempela, okumele kwenziwe ngowesifazane wonke okhulelwe njengoba kusiza ukwazi ukuthi ingane ikhula kanjani ngaphakathi kwesibeletho.

Lolu hlobo lokuhlola alubangeli ubuhlungu futhi luphephe kakhulu kwababili abakhulelwe nasenganeni, ngoba alusebenzisi noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemisebe futhi ukusebenza kwalo akunayo imiphumela emibi, yingakho kuthathwa njengokuhlolwa okungeyona into ehlaselayo.

Zingaki i-ultrasound okufanele zenziwe lapho ukhulelwe

Okuvame kakhulu ukunconywa ukwenza i-ultrasound eyodwa ngekota, noma kunjalo, uma udokotela enokusola noma uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ushintsho olunokwenzeka ekukhulelweni, kunganconywa ukuthi uphinde i-ultrasound njalo, ngakho-ke ayikho inombolo ethile i-ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwe-ultrasound yokuqala eyenziwe phakathi kwamasonto e-11 no-14, okungenani, kufanele kwenziwe ne-ultrasound ku-trimester yesi-2 yokukhulelwa, cishe ngesonto lama-20, lapho sekuvele kungenzeka ukunquma ubulili bengane kanye no-3 i-ultrasound, phakathi kwamasonto angama-34 nama-37 okukhulelwa.

Izifo nezinkinga ezingatholakala

I-Ultrasound kufanele yenziwe kaningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngoba kuwo wonke ama-trimesters, futhi ngokuya ngokukhula nokukhula kwengane, kuzovumela ukukhomba izinkinga ezahlukahlukene enganeni:

Ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa

Ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound isetshenziselwa:

• Khomba noma uqinisekise iminyaka yobudala bokukhulelwa kwengane;
• Thola ukuthi zingaki izingane ezisesiswini, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane asebethole ukwelashwa kokuzala;
• Thola ukuthi umbungu otshalwe esibelethweni wenzeke kuphi.

Uma kwenzeka ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ukukhipha ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhipha isisu okuzenzekelayo nokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwesibeletho. Bona ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingakhombisa ukukhulelwa kwesisu okungenzeka.

Ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa

Ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, ngokukhula nokukhula kwengane, ukuhlolwa kuyakwazi ukunikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa, efana nale:

• Ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezithile zofuzo ezifana ne-Down's syndrome ngokwesibonelo. Ngalokhu, kule ultrasound, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngeNucal Translucency, isilinganiso esenziwa esifundeni sentamo yombungu.
• Ukuzimisela kokukhubazeka okungaba nengane;
• Ukunqunywa kobulili bengane, okuvame ukwenzeka cishe ngesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa;
• Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sokukhula kwezitho zomntwana, kufaka phakathi inhliziyo;
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhula kwabantwana;
• Ukunqunywa kwendawo okukhona kuyo i-placenta, okuthi ekupheleni kokukhulelwa kungavali umlomo wesibeletho, uma lokhu kwenzeka kunengozi yokuthi ingane ingazalwa ngokulethwa okujwayelekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-microcephaly esinye isifo esingahlonzwa ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba uma sikhona, ikhanda nengqondo yengane kuncane kunokulindelekile. Funda kabanzi kuQonda ukuthi yini iMicrocephaly nokuthi iyini imiphumela enganeni.

Ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa

• Ukuhlolwa okusha kokukhula kwengane nokukhula kwayo;
• Ukunqunywa nokuhlolwa kwezinga le-amniotic fluid;
• Indawo ye-placenta.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwalokhu kuhlolwa ngalesi sikhathi kungadingeka kakhulu uma kunegazi elingaqondile nelingachazeki.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-ultrasound ezingenziwa

Ngokuya ngesidingo, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-ultrasound ezingenziwa, ezinikezela ngemininingwane ethe xaxa noma encane ngomntwana. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ultrasound ezingasetshenziswa yilezi:

1. I-Intravaginal Ultrasound: kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kuze kube amasonto ayi-11 futhi kwesinye isikhathi kusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphakathi, ngokufaka umshini obizwa ngokuthi i-transducer esithweni sangasese futhi kunconywa kusukela ngeviki lesi-5 lokukhulelwa.
2. I-Morphological Ultrasound: iqukethe i-ultrasound enezithombe ezinemininingwane eminingi kunaleyo eyedlule, evumela ukuhlolwa kokukhula kwengane nokukhula kwezitho zayo.
3. I-3D Ultrasound: inezithombe ezingcono kakhulu kune-morphological ultrasound nokuthi iqiniso linikezwa nge-3D kwandisa ubukhali. Ngalolu hlobo lwe-ultrasound, kungenzeka ukulandelela kangcono ukukhubazeka okungenzeka enganeni, futhi kungenzeka futhi ubone izici zobuso bakhe.
4. I-Ultrasound ku-4D: yi-ultrasound ehlanganisa ikhwalithi yesithombe se-3D nokunyakaza kwengane ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngakho-ke, isithombe sayo se-3D ngesikhathi sangempela sivumela ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kokunyakaza kwengane.

Kokubili i-3D ultrasound ne-4D ultrasound kufanele kwenziwe phakathi kwamasonto angama-26 kuya kwangama-29, njengoba kungalesi sikhathi lapho isithombe kulindeleke ukuthi sicace. Funda kabanzi ngale ndaba ku-3D naku-4D imininingwane ye-ultrasound ekhombisa ubuso bomntwana futhi ukhombe izifo.

Wonke owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele enze okungenani ama-ultrasound amathathu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kwesinye isikhathi i-4 uma kwenziwa i-intravaginal ultrasound ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Kepha, ukukhulelwa ngakunye kwehlukile futhi kungudokotela obelethisayo okufanele akhombise ukuthi zingaki izivivinyo ezidingekayo.

Ezimweni eziningi, kusetshenziswa i-morphological ultrasound, futhi kusetshenziswa i-3D noma i-4D ultrasound kuphela uma kukhona okusolayo ngezinkinga noma ukungalungi enganeni, noma uma umama efisa ukubona izici zobuso bakhe.