Ngabe Uzwa Njani Isigaxa Somdlavuza Webele? Funda Izimpawu

-Delile

• Sizwakala kanjani isigaxa?
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza webele?
• Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela wami?
• Yini engingayilindela lapho kuqokwa udokotela wami?
• Izici zomdlavuza webele
• Umdlavuza webele emadodeni
• Ungakwenza kanjani ukuzihlola
• Ezinye izimo ezingadala izigaxa zamabele
• Ukuthatha

USergey Filimonov / iStocky United

Ukubaluleka kokuzihlola wena wedwa

Imikhombandlela yakamuva ye-American Cancer Society (ACS) ikhombisa ukuthi ukuzihlola akuzange kubonise inzuzo ecacile, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane nabo abathola ukuhlolwa kwama-mammograms, noma ngabe odokotela benza lezo zivivinyo. Yize kunjalo, abanye besilisa nabesifazane bazothola umdlavuza webele bese betholakala benawo ngenxa yesigaxa esitholwe ngesikhathi bezihlola.

Uma ungowesifazane, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi amabele akho abukeka kanjani futhi uwahlole njalo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi wazi noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungajwayelekile njengoba kwenzeka.

Zonke izigaxa zamabele zifanelwe ukwelashwa. Izigaxa ezingajwayelekile noma izigaxa ezicubu zebele yinto okufanele ihlolwe ngudokotela. Izigaxa eziningi kakhulu azinomdlavuza.

Sizwakala kanjani isigaxa?

Izigaxa zomdlavuza webele azizwa ngokufanayo zonke. Udokotela wakho kufanele ahlole noma yisiphi isigaxa, noma ngabe sihlangabezana nezimpawu ezivame kakhulu ezibalwe ngezansi.

Ngokuvamile, isigaxa esinomdlavuza esifubeni:

• isisindo esinzima
• ayibuhlungu
• inemiphetho engajwayelekile
• ayinyakazi (ayinyakazi lapho icindezelwa)
• ivela engxenyeni engaphezulu engaphezulu yesifuba sakho
• ikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Akuzona zonke izigaxa ezinomdlavuza eziyohlangabezana nalezi zindlela, futhi isigaxa somdlavuza esinezici zonke zalezi zici asijwayelekile. Isigaxa esinomdlavuza singazizwa siyindilinga, sithambile, futhi sinethenda futhi singenzeka noma kuphi ebeleni. Kwezinye izimo, isigaxa singaze sibe buhlungu.

Abanye besifazane nabo banezicubu zamabele eziminyene, ezinemicu. Ukuzwa izigaxa noma izinguquko emabeleni akho kungaba nzima kakhulu uma kunjalo.

Ukuba namabele aminyene futhi kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthola umdlavuza webele kuma-mammograms. Naphezu kwezicubu ezinzima, usengakwazi ukubona lapho ushintsho luqala esifubeni sakho.

Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza webele?

Ngaphezu kwesigaxa, ungahlangabezana nesinye noma eziningi zalezi zimpawu zomdlavuza webele ezilandelayo:

• ukuvuvukala kwengxenye noma lonke ibele lakho
• ukukhishwa kwengono (ngaphandle kobisi lwebele, uma ukuncelisa)
• ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma ukukala
• ububomvu besikhumba esifubeni kanye nezingono
• ukuqina kwesikhumba esifubeni nezingono
• ingono iphendukela ngaphakathi
• ukuvuvukala engalweni
• ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwekhwapha
• ukuvuvukala kuzungeze ithambo lekhola

Kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi zimpawu, noma ungekho ubukhona besigaxa. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zimpawu azibangelwa umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, wena nodokotela wakho nizofuna ukwenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuthola ukuthi kungani kwenzeka.

Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela wami?

Umdlavuza webele utholakala kwabesifazane e-United States. Izigaxa eziningi zamabele aziwona umdlavuza, noma kunjalo. Kufanele uvakashele udokotela wakho uma ubona noma uzizwa noma yini entsha noma engavamile ebeleni lakho ngesikhathi sokuzihlola.

Yize kunezibalo nemihlahlandlela ye-ACS, abesifazane abaningi basakhetha ukuqhubeka nokuzenzela izivivinyo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukuzenzela izivivinyo noma cha, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho mayelana nobudala obufanele ukuqala ukuhlola ama-mammograms.

Ukulandela imihlahlandlela yokuhlola umdlavuza webele enconyiwe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala komdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi. Lapho kutholakala umdlavuza webele ngokushesha, kungaqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, futhi umbono wakho uyoba ngcono.

Yini engingayilindela lapho kuqokwa udokotela wami?

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa oyinhloko noma i-gynecologist. Tshela udokotela wakho ngendawo entsha oyibonile nezimpawu ozizwayo. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ahlole ngokuphelele amabele futhi angahlola nezindawo eziseduze, kufaka phakathi izindawo zakho zekhola, intamo nezindawo zekhwapha.

Ngokuya ngalokho abazizwayo, udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, njenge-mammogram, i-ultrasound, noma i-biopsy.

Udokotela wakho futhi angasikisela isikhathi sokulinda ubukele. Ngalesi sikhathi, wena nodokotela wakho nizoqhubeka nokuqapha isigaxa nganoma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukukhula. Uma kukhona ukukhula, udokotela wakho kufanele aqale ukuhlola ukukhipha umdlavuza.

Thembeka kudokotela wakho mayelana nokukhathazeka kwakho. Uma umlando wakho womuntu siqu noma womndeni ukubeka engcupheni ephezulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele, ungahle ufune ukuqhubekela phambili nokuhlolwa okufanele kokuxilongwa ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi isigaxa sakho sesifuba sinomdlavuza noma yini enye.

Izici zomdlavuza webele

Izici ezithile zobungozi zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba nomdlavuza webele. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi azikwazi ukuguqulwa; ezinye zingancishiswa noma ziqedwe ngokususelwa kunketho yakho yokuphila.

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zomdlavuza webele zifaka:

• Ubulili. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza webele kunabesilisa.
• Ubudala. Umdlavuza webele owandile uvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-55.
• Umlando womndeni. Uma isihlobo sokuqala, njengomama, udadewethu, noma indodakazi, sinomdlavuza webele, ingozi yakho iphindwe kabili.
• Izakhi zofuzo. Amaphesenti amancane omdlavuza webele angabangelwa izakhi zofuzo ezidluliselwa esizukulwaneni ngesizukulwane.
• Ubuhlanga. , Abesifazane baseSpanishi / baseLatina nabase-Asia mancane amathuba okuthi babe nomdlavuza webele kunabesifazane abaMhlophe nabase-Afrika nabamaMelika. Abesifazane base-Afrika nabaseMelika maningi amathuba okuthi batholakale benomdlavuza webele onezinhliziyo eziphindwe kathathu, onolaka kakhulu futhi osethubeni lokukhula esemncane. Abesifazane base-Afrika nabamaMelika nabo banamathuba amaningi okubulawa ngumdlavuza webele uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane abaMhlophe.
• Isisindo. Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele.
• Izimo zesifuba seBenign. Izimo ezithile zesifuba ezinobungozi (ezingabangeli umdlavuza) zingathinta ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza webele kamuva.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwehormone. Uma ngabe usebenzise noma njengamanje usebenzisa i-hormone replacement therapy (HRT), ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza webele kungenzeka iphakeme.
• Umlando wokuya esikhathini. Isikhathi sokuqala ukuya esikhathini (ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12) singakhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele.
• Ukunqamuka kwesikhathi kokuya esikhathini. Ukwephuza ukuya esikhathini (ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-55) kungakudalula kuma-hormone amaningi, angakhuphula ubungozi bakho.
• Izicubu zamabele eziminyene. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi abesifazane abanezicubu zamabele eziminyene banamathuba amaningi okuba nomdlavuza. Izicubu zingenza nokuthi ukuthola umdlavuza kube nzima kakhulu.
• Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi. Abesifazane abangajimi njalo maningi amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele kunabesifazane abavivinya umzimba njalo.
• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi. Ukubhema kwandisa ubungozi besifo somdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abasebancane abangakafiki esikhathini sokuya esikhathini.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Kuzo zonke iziphuzo onazo, ingozi yakho yomdlavuza webele ingakhuphuka. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuphuza utshwala obuthile kungaba kuhle, kepha ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obuningi kuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza webele emadodeni

Iningi lomdlavuza webele litholakala kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, amadoda anezicubu zesifuba futhi angaba nomdlavuza webele. Noma kunjalo, ngaphansi kwephesenti elilodwa lawo wonke umdlavuza webele wenzeka emadodeni.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele emadodeni ziyefana nezimpawu zomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• isigaxa esifubeni esisodwa
• ingono ephendukela ngaphakathi (ama-inverts)
• ubuhlungu bezingono
• ukukhishwa engonweni
• ububomvu, ukuncipha, noma ukukala esikhunjeni sebele
• ububomvu noma izilonda engonweni noma indandatho ezungeze ingono
• ama-lymph node avuvukile emakhwapheni

Njengabesifazane, umdlavuza webele emadodeni ungasakazeka noma ugcwale kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukuhlonza umdlavuza kusenesikhathi kubalulekile. Ngale ndlela, wena nodokotela wakho ningaqala ngokushesha ukwelapha umdlavuza.

Ngenkathi umdlavuza webele ungavamile emadodeni, kunezici ezithile ezivamile zobungozi ezaziwayo. Funda uhlu lwalezi zinto ezinobungozi zomdlavuza wesilisa wesilisa, bese uthola ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani ubungozi bakho.

Ungakwenza kanjani ukuzihlola

Amasu wokuhlola akusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukubona izindawo ezisolisayo esifubeni sakho. I-mammogram iyindlela ejwayelekile yokuhlola. Ukuzihlola amabele kungenye.

Ukuzihlola kwakuthathwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokutholwa komdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi amashumi amaningi eminyaka. Namuhla, noma kunjalo, kungaholela ezifundweni eziningi ezingadingekile nezinqubo zokuhlinza.

Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uzihlole. Okungenani, ukuhlolwa kungakusiza uzijwayeze ukubukeka, ukuma, ukuthungwa nosayizi wamabele akho. Ukwazi ukuthi amabele akho kufanele azizwe kanjani kungakusiza ukuthi ubone inkinga engaba khona kalula.

1) Khetha usuku. AmaHormone athinta indlela amabele akho azizwa ngayo, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukulinda izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuphela kokuya kwakho esikhathini. Uma ungenasikhathi, khetha usuku ekhalendeni ongalukhumbula kalula, njengolokuqala noma lweshumi nanhlanu, bese uhlela ukuzihlola kwakho.

2) Bheka. Susa i-top yakho ne-bra. Yima phambi kwesibuko. Bheka ukuthi amabele akho abukeka kanjani, uwahlole ushintsho lokulinganisa, ukuma, usayizi, noma umbala. Phakamisa izingalo zombili, bese uphinda ukuhlolwa okubukwayo, uqaphele izinguquko esimweni samabele akho nosayizi wakho lapho izingalo zakho zelulwa.

3) Hlola isifuba ngasinye. Uma usuqede ukuhlolwa okubukwayo, lala embhedeni noma kusofa. Sebenzisa amaphakethe athambile eminwe yakho ukuzwa izigaxa, ama-cysts, noma okunye okungahambi kahle. Ukugcina umfaniswano wokuhlola, qala engonweni yakho bese uphuma uphume, uye esifubeni sakho nasekhwapheni, ngephethini lokuvunguza. Phinda ngakolunye uhlangothi.

4) Cindezela ingono yakho. Cindezela ngobumnene engonweni ngayinye ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini okukhiphayo.

5) Phinda eshaweni. Yenza ukuhlolwa kokugcina eshaweni. Vumela amanzi afudumele nensipho yenze ukuhlolwa kwebhukwana kube lula ngokushushuluza iminwe yakho phezu kwamabele akho. Qala kungono yakho bese uphuma ngephethini lokuvunguza. Phinda kwesinye isifuba.

6) Gcina iphephabhuku. Izinguquko ezicashile kungaba nzima ukuzibona, kepha iphephabhuku lingakusiza ubone intuthuko njengoba yenzeka. Bhala phansi noma yiziphi izindawo ezingavamile bese uzihlola futhi emasontweni ambalwa. Uma uthola izigaxa, bheka udokotela wakho.

Ezinye izinhlangano zezempilo azisatusi abesifazane ukuba bazihlole njalo. Funda kabanzi ngezizathu zokuthi kungani, yiziphi izingozi ezihambisana nokuzihlola kwakho amabele, nokuthi kungani ungahle uthande ukuzenza noma kunjalo.

Ezinye izimo ezingadala izigaxa zamabele

Umdlavuza webele akusona ukuphela kwesimo esingadala izigaxa ezingavamile emabeleni akho. Lezi ezinye izimo zingabophezeleka futhi:

• ama-lymph node avuvukile
• ama-cysts
• igciwane lokutheleleka ngegciwane
• ukusabela kwesikhumba ekushefeni noma ekucingeni
• ukusabela okweqile
• ukukhula kwezicubu okungenayo umdlavuza (i-fibroadenoma)
• ukukhula kwezicubu ezinamafutha (lipoma)
• I-lymphoma
• i-leukemia
• lupus
• izindlala ezincelisayo noma ezivalekile

Isigaxa esikhwameni sakho noma emabeleni cishe ngeke sibe ngumdlavuza webele, kepha kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izindawo ezingavamile ongazithola. Udokotela wakho kungenzeka enze ukuhlolwa komzimba futhi akhiphe izimbangela ezingaba khona zezigaxa ezingavamile.

Ukuthatha

Umzimba wakho ungowakho, futhi ukuphela kwakho onakho. Uma uthola isigaxa noma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile, kufanele ufune ukuqondiswa udokotela wakho.

Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukunquma kusuka ekuhlolweni komzimba ukuthi ngabe isigaxa sakho kungenzeka yini sibe nomdlavuza. Uma ngabe ukhathazeke nhlobo ngezibonakaliso nezimpawu ezintsha, akufanele wesabe ukucela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola isifo sakho.