Isifo samaphaphu

Isifo samaphaphu yinoma iyiphi inkinga emaphashini evimbela amaphaphu ukuthi asebenze kahle. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezifo zamaphaphu:

1. Izifo ezihamba emoyeni - Lezi zifo zithinta amashubhu (izindlela zomoya) ezithwala umoya-mpilo namanye amagesi angene naphuma emaphashini. Imvamisa zibangela ukuncipha noma ukuvinjelwa kwemigwaqo yomoya. Izifo ezihamba emoyeni zibandakanya i-asthma, i-COPD ne-bronchiectasis. Abantu abanezifo ezihamba emoyeni bavame ukuthi bazizwe sengathi "bazama ukuphefumula ngotshani."
2. Izifo zezicubu zomzimba - Lezi zifo zithinta ukwakheka kwezicubu zamaphaphu. Ukuqubuka noma ukuvuvukala kwezicubu kwenza amaphaphu angakwazi ukwanda ngokugcwele (isifo esivimbela amaphaphu). Lokhu kwenza kube nzima emaphashini ukuthi angenise umoya-mpilo futhi akhiphe isikhutha. Abantu abanalolu hlobo lwesifo samaphaphu bavame ukuthi bazizwe sengathi "bagqoke ijezi noma ivesti elikuqinisa kakhulu." Ngenxa yalokho, abakwazi ukuphefumula ngokujulile. I-pulmonary fibrosis ne-sarcoidosis yizibonelo zesifo sezicubu zamaphaphu.
3. Izifo zokusakazwa ngamaphaphu - Lezi zifo zithinta imithambo yegazi emaphashini. Zibangelwa ukujiya, isibazi, noma ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. Zithinta ikhono lamaphaphu lokuthatha umoya-mpilo futhi likhiphe isikhutha. Lezi zifo zingathinta nokusebenza kwenhliziyo. Isibonelo sesifo sokusakazwa kwamaphaphu i-pulmonary hypertension. Abantu abanalezizimo bavame ukuzizwa bephelelwa umoya uma bezikhandla.

Izifo eziningi zamaphaphu zibandakanya inhlanganisela yalezi zinhlobo ezintathu.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu zamaphaphu zihlanganisa:

• Isifuba Somoya
• Ukuwa kwengxenye noma wonke amaphaphu (i-pneumothorax noma i-atelectasis)
• Ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala ezindimeni ezinkulu (amashubhu we-bronchial) ahambisa umoya emaphashini (i-bronchitis)
• I-COPD (isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu)
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia)
• Ukwakheka okungajwayelekile kuketshezi emaphashini (i-pulmonary edema)
• Umthambo wamaphaphu ovinjiwe (umbungu wamaphaphu)

• Isifo esingapheliyo sokuvimbela kwamaphaphu - abadala - ukukhipha
• I-COPD - lawula izidakamizwa
• I-COPD - imishanguzo yokusiza ngokushesha

• Isisindo sepulmonary - side view esifubeni x-ray
• Isisindo semiphunga, iphaphu langakwesokudla - i-CT scan
• Isisindo samaphaphu, i-x-ray yesifuba ephezulu kwesokudla
• Amaphaphu ngomdlavuza weseli squamous - CT scan
• Intuthu kagwayi nomdlavuza wamaphaphu
• I-nail syndrome ephuzi
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UKraft M. Indlela eya esigulini esinezifo zokuphefumula. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 77.

Reid PT, Innes JA. Umuthi wokuphefumula. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Izimiso zikaDavidson kanye Nokuzijwayeza Kwezokwelapha. Umhla ka-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 17.