I-alveolar primary hypoventilation

I-alveolar primary hypoventilation yisifo esingajwayelekile lapho umuntu engaphefumuli ngokwanele ngomzuzu. Amaphaphu nezindlela zomoya zijwayelekile.

Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga le-oksijini egazini liphansi noma izinga le-carbon dioxide liphezulu, kunesiginali evela ebuchosheni yokuphefumula ngokujulile noma ngokushesha. Kubantu abane-hypoventilation eyinhloko ye-alveolar, lolu shintsho ekuphefumuleni alwenzeki.

Imbangela yalesi simo ayikaziwa. Abanye abantu banokukhubazeka okuthile kofuzo.

Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-50 ubudala. Kungenzeka futhi ezinganeni.

Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokulala. Iziqephu zokuyeka ukuphefumula (i-apnea) zivame ukuvela ngenkathi ulele. Imvamisa akukho ukuphefumula okuncane phakathi nosuku.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Umbala we-Bluish wesikhumba obangelwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo
• Ukozela emini
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda ekuseni
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala
• Avuke ebuthongweni engavuliwe
• Ukuvuka kaningi ebusuku

Abantu abanalesi sifo bazwela kakhulu ngisho nasezilinganisweni ezincane zezidakamizwa noma izidakamizwa. Le mithi ingenza inkinga yabo yokuphefumula ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu.

Ukuhlolwa kuzokwenziwa ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela. Isibonelo, i-muscular dystrophy ingenza imisipha yezimbambo ibe ntekenteke, futhi isifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu (COPD) sonakalisa izicubu zamaphaphu uqobo. Isifo sohlangothi esincane singathinta isikhungo sokuphefumula ebuchosheni.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukala amazinga we-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide egazini (amagesi egazi emithanjeni)
  
• I-x-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Hematocrit ne-hemoglobin ukuhlola ikhono lokuthwala umoya-mpilo wamaseli abomvu egazi
• Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yamaphaphu
• Izilinganiso zeleveli yomoya-mpilo (oximetry)
• Amagesi egazi
• Isifundo sokulala (i-polysomnography)

Imithi evuselela uhlelo lokuphefumula ingasetshenziswa kepha ayisebenzi njalo. Imishini esiza ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ingaba wusizo kwabanye abantu.Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen kungasiza kubantu abambalwa, kepha kungazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu zabanye ebusuku kwabanye.

Impendulo ekwelashweni iyahlukahluka.

Izinga le-oxygen ephansi yegazi lingadala umfutho wegazi ophezulu emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu. Lokhu kungaholela ku-cor pulmonale (ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo emaceleni angakwesokudla).

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu zalesi sifo. Funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kwenzeka isikhumba esilihlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis).

Akukho ukuvimbela okwaziwayo. Kufanele ugweme ukusebenzisa imithi yokulala noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezingabangela ukozela.

Isiqalekiso sika-Ondine; Ukwehluleka komoya; Ukuncipha kwe-hypoxic ventilator drive; Idrayivu ye-hypercapnic ventilator enciphile

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UCielo C, uMarcus CL. Ama-syndromes aphakathi nendawo we-hypoventilation. I-Sleep Med Clin. 2014; 9 (1): 105-118. I-PMID: 24678286 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24678286/.

UMalhotra A, uPowell F. Ukuphazamiseka kokulawulwa komoya. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 80.

I-Weinberger SE, i-Cockrill BA, i-Mandel J. Ukuphazamiseka kokulawulwa komoya. Ku: Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J, ama-eds. Izimiso zePulmonary Medicine. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 18.