I-Pneumomediastinum

I-Pneumomediastinum ingumoya ku-mediastinum. I-mediastinum isikhala esiphakathi kwesifuba, phakathi kwamaphaphu naseduze kwenhliziyo.

I-pneumomediastinum ayivamile. Isimo singadalwa ukulimala noma isifo. Imvamisa, kwenzeka lapho umoya uvuza kusuka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yamaphaphu noma yomoya ungene ku-mediastinum.

Ingcindezi eyengeziwe emaphashini noma ezindleleni zomoya kungabangelwa:

• Ukukhwehlela kakhulu
• Ukuphindaphinda okuphindwe kabili ukwandisa umfutho wesisu (njengokucindezela ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu)
• Ukuthimula
• Ukuhlanza

Kungenzeka futhi ngemuva:

• Ukutheleleka entanyeni noma enkabeni yesifuba
• Ngokushesha kukhuphuka phezulu, noma nge-scuba diving
• Ukudabula umphimbo (ishubhu elixhumanisa umlomo nesisu)
• Uklebhula uqhoqhoqho (i-windpipe)
• Ukusetshenziswa komshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa ezihogelwayo, njengensangu noma i-crack cocaine
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni

I-Pneumomediastinum nayo ingenzeka ngokuwa kwamaphaphu (pneumothorax) noma ezinye izifo.

Kungase kungabikho zimpawu. Isimo ngokuvamile sibangela ubuhlungu besifuba ngemuva kwesifuba sesifuba, esingasakazeka siye entanyeni noma ezingalweni. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu uma uthatha umoya noma ukugwinya.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angazizwa amagwebu amancane omoya ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba, izingalo, noma intamo.

Ukuhlolwa kwesifuba kungenziwa nge-x-ray noma nge-CT. Lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya uku-mediastinum, nokusiza ukuxilonga imbobo ku-trachea noma i-esophagus.

Lapho ehlolwa, kwesinye isikhathi umuntu angabukeka ekhukhumele kakhulu (evuvukile) ebusweni nasemehlweni. Lokhu kungabukeka kubi kakhulu kunalokho okuyikho ngempela.

Imvamisa, akudingeki ukwelashwa ngoba umzimba uzowungenisa kancane kancane umoya. Ukuphefumula ukugxila okuphezulu komoya-mpilo kungasheshisa le nqubo.

Umhlinzeki angafaka ishubhu lesifuba uma nawe unephaphu elibhidlikile. Ungadinga nokwelashwa ngesizathu senkinga. Imbobo ku-trachea noma i-esophagus idinga ukulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa.

Umbono uncike kulesi sifo noma izehlakalo ezibangele i-pneumomediastinum.

Umoya ungakha futhi ungene esikhaleni esizungeze amaphaphu (isikhala sokuncenga), kubangele ukuthi iphaphu liwe.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, umoya ungangena endaweni ephakathi kwenhliziyo nesaka elincanyana elizungeze inhliziyo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-pneumopericardium.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, umoya omningi wakha phakathi kwesifuba ukuthi ucindezele enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni emikhulu yegazi, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Zonke lezi zinkinga zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngoba zingasongela impilo.

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo uma unezinhlungu zesifuba noma ukuphefumula kanzima.

I-emphysema yangaphakathi

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UCheng GS, uVarghese TK, ePaki DR. I-Pneumomediastinum ne-mediastinitis. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 84.

UMcCool FD. Izifo ze-diaphragm, udonga lwesifuba, i-pleura, ne-mediastinum. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 92.