Umthambo weCoronary spasm

Imithambo yegazi ihambisa igazi ne-oxygen enhliziyweni. Umthambo we-Coronary spasm ukufushane, ngokuzumayo komunye wale mithambo.

I-spasm ivame ukuvela emithanjeni ye-coronary engakabi lukhuni ngenxa yokwakhiwa koqwembe. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka futhi emithanjeni ene-plaque buildup.

Le spasms ingenxa yokukhama kwemisipha odongeni lwe-artery. Zivame ukwenzeka endaweni eyodwa kuphela yomthambo. Umthambo we-coronary kungenzeka ubonakale ujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, kepha awusebenzi ngokujwayelekile kwezinye izikhathi.

Cishe u-2% wabantu abane-angina (ubuhlungu besifuba nengcindezi) bane-aron spasm.

I-coronary artery spasm yenzeka kakhulu kubantu ababhemayo noma abane-cholesterol ephezulu noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kungenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu, noma kungahle kudalwe:

• Ukuhoxiswa kotshwala
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo
• Ukuchayeka emakhazeni
• Imithi ebangela ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi (vasoconstriction)
• Izidakamizwa ezikhuthazayo, njenge-amphetamines ne-cocaine

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cocoaine nokubhema ugwayi kungadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo isebenze kanzima. Kubantu abaningi, i-coronary artery spasm ingavela ngaphandle kwezinye izinto eziyingozi enhliziyweni (njengokubhema, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ne-cholesterol ephezulu).

I-spasm ingahle "ithule" (ngaphandle kwezimpawu) noma ingahle ibangele ubuhlungu besifuba noma i-angina. Uma i-spasm ihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele, ingadala nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Uphawu oluyinhloko uhlobo lobuhlungu besifuba obubizwa nge-angina. Lobu buhlungu buvame ukuzwakala ngaphansi kwesifuba sesifuba (sternum) noma ohlangothini lwesobunxele sesifuba. Ubuhlungu buchazwa ngokuthi:

• Ukuvimbela
• Ukuchotshozwa
• Ingcindezi
• Ukucindezela
• Ukuqina

Kuvame ukuba nzima kakhulu. Ubuhlungu bungasakazekela entanyeni, emhlathini, ehlombe, noma engalweni.

Ubuhlungu be-coronary artery spasm:

• Imvamisa kwenzeka ekuphumuleni
• Kungenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye, imvamisa phakathi kwamabili kuya ku-8: 00 ekuseni.
• Kuhlala kusuka kumizuzu emi-5 kuye kwengu-30

Umuntu angase alahlekelwe ukwazi.

Ngokungafani ne-angina ebangelwa ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ubuhlungu besifuba nokuphefumula okuncane ngenxa ye-coronary artery spasm akuvame ukubakhona lapho uhamba noma uzivocavoca umzimba.

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola umthambo we-coronary spasm kungafaka:

• I-Coronary angiography
• ECG
• I-Echocardiography

Umgomo wokwelashwa ukulawula ubuhlungu besifuba nokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo. Umuthi obizwa nge-nitroglycerin (NTG) ungadambisa isiqephu sobuhlungu.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunikeza eminye imithi ukuvimbela ubuhlungu besifuba.Ungadinga uhlobo lomuthi obizwa nge-calcium channel blocker noma i-nitrate esebenza isikhathi eside.

Ama-beta-blocker ngolunye uhlobo lomuthi olusetshenziswa nezinye izinkinga zemithambo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, ama-beta-blockers angenza le nkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu. Kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokunakekela.

Uma unale nkinga, kufanele ugweme ukubangela kwe-artery spasm. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuchayeka emakhazeni, ekusebenziseni i-cocaine, ekubhemeni ugwayi, nasezimeni zokuxineka kakhulu.

I-Coronary artery spasm yisimo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli). Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kuvame ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu.

Lesi sifo singaba uphawu lokuthi usengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile esibulalayo. Umbono uvame ukuba muhle kakhulu uma ulandela ukwelashwa kwakho, izeluleko zomhlinzeki wakho, futhi ugwema izimbangela ezithile.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, esingadala ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo nokufa okungazelelwe
• Isifo senhliziyo

Shayela ngokushesha inombolo yakho yendawo ephuthumayo (njenge-911) noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela uma unomlando we-angina futhi ubuhlungu obucindezelayo noma obucindezelayo besifuba abudanjiswa yi-nitroglycerin. Ubuhlungu bungaba ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo. Ukuphumula ne-nitroglycerin imvamisa ayibuqedi ngokuphelele ubuhlungu besifo senhliziyo.

Isifo senhliziyo yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma unezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Thatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukungabhemi, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, nokuvivinya umzimba ngokwandayo.

I-angina ehlukile; I-Angina - okuhlukile; I-angina kaPrinzmetal; I-angospastic angina; Ubuhlungu besifuba - i-Prinzmetal's

• I-Angina - ukukhishwa
• U-Angina - ukuthi ubuze ini kudokotela wakho
• I-Angina - lapho unezinhlungu esifubeni

• Angina
• Umthambo weCoronary spasm
• Isigaba sokusika umthambo
• Ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo

I-Amsterdam EA, uWenger NK, uBrindis RG, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-2014 AHA / ACC wokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: isifinyezo esiphezulu: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force ngemihlahlandlela yokusebenza. Ukujikeleza. 2014; 130 (25): 2354-2394. I-PMID: 25249586 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25249586.

Boden WE. I-Angina pectoris kanye nesifo senhliziyo esizinzile se-ischemic. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 62.

IGiugliano RP, iBraunwald E. Non-ST ukuphakama kwama-syndromes abukhali we-coronary. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 60.