Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-aortic

Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-aortic kuyisifo se-valve senhliziyo lapho i-aortic valve ingavali ngokuqinile. Lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuba ligeleze lisuka ku-aorta (umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke) liye ku-ventricle engakwesobunxele (ikamelo lenhliziyo).

Noma isiphi isimo esivimbela i-aortic valve ukuthi ingavali ngokuphelele kungadala le nkinga. Lapho i-valve ingavali yonke indawo, elinye igazi liyabuya njalo lapho inhliziyo ishaya.

Lapho kubuya inani elikhulu legazi, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukukhipha igazi elanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba. Igumbi elingezansi elingakwesobunxele lenhliziyo liyanwetshwa (liyavuleka) futhi inhliziyo ishaya kakhulu (ukubopha kwenhliziyo). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo iye ingakwazi ukuletha igazi elanele emzimbeni.

Esikhathini esedlule, i-rheumatic fever yayiyimbangela eyinhloko yokuvuselelwa kwe-aortic. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-strep kwenze ukuthi i-rheumatic fever ingajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuphindaphinda kwe-aortic kuvame kakhulu ngenxa yezinye izimbangela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-Ankylosing spondylitis
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-aortic
• Izinkinga ze-valve (ezikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa), njenge-bicuspid valve
• I-Endocarditis (ukutheleleka kwama-valve wenhliziyo)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Isifo seMarfan
• I-Reiter syndrome (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-arthritis esebenzayo)
• Ugcunsula
• Uhlelo lupus erythematosus
• Ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni

Ukunganeli kwe-aortic kuvame kakhulu emadodeni aphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-60.

Isimo ngokuvamile asinazo izimpawu zeminyaka eminingi. Izimpawu zingavela kancane noma ngokuzumayo. Zingafaka:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ubuhlungu besifuba obufana ne-angina (kuyaqabukela)
• Ukuquleka
• Ukukhathala
• Ukushaya inhliziyo (ukuzwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo)
• Ukuphefumula ngomsebenzi noma lapho ulele phansi
• Ukuvuka uphefumule isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokulala
• Ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo, imilenze, noma isisu
• I-pulse engalingani, esheshayo, yomjaho, yokushaya ngamandla, noma yokushaya
• Ubuthakathaka obungenzeka bube khona ngomsebenzi

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukububula kwenhliziyo okungazwakala nge-stethoscope
• Ukushaya ngamandla kwenhliziyo
• Ukubhoboza ikhanda ngesikhathi ngokushaya kwenhliziyo
• Imidumba eqinile ezingalweni nasemilenzeni
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi we-diastolic
• Izimpawu zoketshezi emaphashini

Ukuvuselelwa kwe-aortic kungabonakala ekuhlolweni okufana nalokhu:

• I-aortic angiography
• I-Echocardiogram - ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwenhliziyo
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo engakwesobunxele
• I-MRI noma i-CT scan yenhliziyo
• I-Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) noma i-transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

I-x-ray yesifuba ingakhombisa ukuvuvukala kwekamelo lenhliziyo elingezansi kwesokunxele.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu akukwazi ukuxilonga ukunganeli kwe-aortic. Kodwa-ke, zingasiza ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela.

Ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa uma ungenazo izimpawu noma izimpawu ezincane kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uzodinga ukubona umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngama-echocardiograms ajwayelekile.

Uma umfutho wegazi lakho uphakeme, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imishanguzo yegazi ukusiza ukubambezela ukubhebhetheka kokuphindaphinda kwe-aortic.

Ama-diuretics (amaphilisi amanzi) angabekwa ngezimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Esikhathini esedlule, abantu abaningi abanezinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo babenikezwa ama-antibiotic ngaphambi komsebenzi wamazinyo noma inqubo ehlaselayo, njenge-colonoscopy. Imithi elwa namagciwane yanikezwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo eyonakele. Kodwa-ke, ama-antibiotics manje asasetshenziswa kaningi kakhulu.

Ungahle udinge ukukhawulela umsebenzi odinga umsebenzi omningi kusuka enhliziyweni yakho. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho.

Ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa noma ukufaka esikhundleni i-aortic valve ilungisa ukuphindaphinda kwe-aortic. Isinqumo sokushintshwa kwe-aortic valve sincike kwizimpawu zakho kanye nesimo nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho.

Ungadinga nokuhlinzwa ukuze ulungise i-aorta uma ikhulisiwe.

Ukuhlinzwa kungaphulukisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-aortic futhi kudambise izimpawu, ngaphandle kwalapho uba nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izinkinga. Abantu abane-angina noma i-congestive heart failure ngenxa yokuvuselelwa kwe-aortic benza kabi ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ukutheleleka enhliziyweni

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu zokuvuselelwa kwe-aortic.
• Unokungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-aorta futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi noma izimpawu ezintsha ziyakhula (ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuvuvukala).

Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yegazi kubaluleke kakhulu uma usengozini yokuvuselelwa kwe-aortic.

I-aortic valve prolapse; Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-aortic; I-valve yenhliziyo - ukuvuselelwa kwe-aortic; Isifo se-Valvular - ukuphindaphinda kwe-aortic; I-AI - ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-aortic

• Ukunganeli kwe-aortic

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ILindman BR, iBonow RO, i-Otto CM. Isifo se-aortic valve. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 68.

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