I-Hemochromatosis

I-Hemochromatosis yisimo lapho kunensimbi eningi kakhulu emzimbeni. Kubizwa nangokuthi i-iron overload.

I-Hemochromatosis kungaba yisifo sofuzo esidluliselwa emindenini.

• Abantu abanalolu hlobo badonsa insimbi eningi ngomgudu wabo wokugaya ukudla. Insimbi iyakha emzimbeni. Isibindi, inhliziyo, namanyikwe yizitho ezivamile lapho insimbi yakha khona.
• Itholakala lapho kuzalwa, kepha kungenzeka ingatholakali iminyaka.

I-Hemochromatosis nayo ingenzeka njengomphumela we:

• Okunye ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, njenge-thalassemia noma ama-anemias athile. Ukumpontshelwa igazi okuningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaholela ekusindisweni kwensimbi.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala isikhathi eside nezinye izimo zempilo.

Lesi sifo sithinta abesilisa abaningi kunabesifazane. Kuvamile kubantu abamhlophe abadabuka enyakatho yeYurophu.

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Ukukhathala, ukungabi namandla, ubuthakathaka
• Ukwenza mnyama umbala wombala wesikhumba (okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-bronzing)
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• Ukulahleka kwezinwele zomzimba
• Ukulahlekelwa isifiso sobulili
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuvuvukala kwesibindi nobende, nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa. Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Izinga likaFerritin
• Izinga lensimbi
• Amaphesenti we-transferrin saturation (phezulu)
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo

Ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:

• Izinga likashukela egazini (ushukela)
• I-Alpha fetoprotein
• I-Echocardiogram ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukubheka umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo
• Ukufanekisa izivivinyo ezinjenge-CT scan, i-MRI, ne-ultrasound
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi

Isimo singaqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kwesibindi noma ukuhlolwa kofuzo. Uma kuqinisekiswa ukukhubazeka kofuzo, okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe amanye amalungu omndeni asengozini yokugcwala i-iron ngokweqile.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukususa i-iron eyeqile emzimbeni bese welapha noma yikuphi ukulimala komzimba.

Inqubo ebizwa nge-phlebotomy iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokususa i-iron eyeqile emzimbeni:

• Kususwa uhhafu welitha legazi emzimbeni isonto ngalinye kuze kuphele izitolo zensimbi zomzimba. Lokhu kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukukwenza.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo ingenziwa kaningi ukugcina isitoreji sensimbi esijwayelekile.

Kungani inqubo idingeka kuya ngezimpawu zakho namazinga e-hemoglobin ne-serum ferritin nokuthi uthatha insimbi engakanani ekudleni kwakho.

Ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, ukwehla kwamazinga e-testosterone emadodeni, isifo samathambo, ukwehluleka kwesibindi, nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuzolashwa.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-hemochromatosis, umhlinzeki wakho angancoma ukuthi kudliwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthi ingakanani i-ayoni etholwa ngomgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla. Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma okulandelayo:

• Ungaphuzi utshwala, ikakhulukazi uma ulimele esibindini.
• Ungathathi amaphilisi ensimbi noma amavithamini aqukethe i-ayoni.
• Ungasebenzisi i-ironware.
• Nciphisa ukudla okuqiniswe ngensimbi, okufana no-100% okusanhlamvu okuqiniswe ngensimbi.

Ukungalashwa, ukugcwala kwensimbi kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesibindi.

Insimbi eyengeziwe nayo ingakha kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kufaka phakathi indlala yegilo, amasende, amanyikwe, indlala yamapayipi, inhliziyo noma amalunga. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvikeleni izinkinga ezifana nesifo sesibindi, isifo senhliziyo, isifo samathambo noma isifo sikashukela.

Wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike enanini lomonakalo wesitho. Okunye ukulimala komzimba kungaguqulwa lapho kutholakala i-hemochromatosis kusenesikhathi futhi iphathwe ngonya nge-phlebotomy.

Izinkinga zifaka:

• Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi
• Ukuhluleka kwesibindi
• Umdlavuza wesibindi

Lesi sifo singaholela ekuthuthukiseni:

• Isifo samathambo
• Isifo sikashukela
• Izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yezifo ezithile zebhaktheriya
• I-atrophy yamasende
• Izinguquko zombala wesikhumba

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma izimpawu ze-hemochromatosis zithuthuka.

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho (wokuhlola) uma ilungu lomndeni litholwe ukuthi line-hemochromatosis.

Ukuhlola amalungu omndeni womuntu otholwe ene-hemochromatosis kungasithola lesi sifo kusenesikhathi ukuze kuqale ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokulimala kwesitho kwezinye izihlobo ezithintekile.

Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwensimbi; Ukumpontshelwa igazi - hemochromatosis

• I-hepatomegaly

I-Bacon BR, uFleming RE. I-Hemochromatosis. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 75.

I-Brittenham GM. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-iron homeostasis: ukuntuleka kwensimbi nokugcwala ngokweqile. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 36.