Ukwelashwa kobuhlungu be-Posturgical kubantu abadala

Ubuhlungu obenzeka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukukhathazeka okubalulekile. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, wena nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo kungenzeka ukuthi nixoxe ngokuthi kungakanani ubuhlungu okufanele nibulindele nokuthi buzophathwa kanjani.

Izici eziningana zinquma ukuthi unobuhlungu obungakanani nokuthi ungabuphatha kanjani:

• Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa nokusikeka kokuhlinzwa (ukusikeka) kubangela izinhlobo ezahlukene nobungako bezinhlungu ngemuva kwalokho.
• Ukuhlinzwa isikhathi eside futhi okuthe xaxa, ngaphandle kokubanga ubuhlungu obuningi, kungathatha okuningi kuwe. Ukululama kule eminye imiphumela yokuhlinzwa kungenza kube nzima ukubhekana nobuhlungu.
• Umuntu ngamunye uzizwa futhi aphendule ezinhlungwini ngokuhlukile.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu bakho kubalulekile ukuze ululame. Ukulawulwa kobuhlungu okuhle kuyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukusukuma uqale ukuzulazula. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba:

• Kwehlisa ubungozi bamahlule egazi emilenzeni noma emaphashini, kanye nokutheleleka kwamaphaphu nomchamo.
• Uzohlala isikhashana esibhedlela ukuze ubuyele ekhaya ngokushesha, lapho kungenzeka ululame ngokushesha khona.
• Awunamathuba amancane okuba nezinkinga ezibuhlungu ezingapheli.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yezinhlungu. Ngokuya ngokuhlinzwa nempilo yakho yonke, ungathola umuthi owodwa noma inhlanganisela yemithi.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi abantu abasebenzisa umuthi wezinhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukulawula izinhlungu bavame ukusebenzisa imishanguzo yezinhlungu embalwa kunalabo abazama ukugwema umuthi wezinhlungu.

Umsebenzi wakho njengesiguli ukutshela abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo lapho unezinhlungu nokuthi ngabe imithi oyitholayo ilawula ubuhlungu bakho.

Ngemuva nje kokuhlinzwa, ungathola imithi yezinhlungu ngqo emithanjeni yakho ngomugqa we-intravenous (IV). Lo mugqa ugijima ngepompo. Iphampu lenzelwe ukukunikeza inani elithile lomuthi wezinhlungu.

Imvamisa, ungacindezela inkinobho ukuze uzinikeze ukukhululeka kobuhlungu obengeziwe lapho uyidinga. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-anesthesia elawulwa yisiguli (i-PCA) ngoba ulawula ukuthi uthola umuthi ongakanani owengeziwe. Kuhlelwe ngakho awukwazi ukuzinika okuningi kakhulu.

Imithi yobuhlungu be-Epidural ihanjiswa ngethambo elithambile (i-catheter). Ishubhu lifakwa emhlane wakho esikhaleni esincane ngaphandle nje komgogodla. Umuthi wezinhlungu unganikezwa wona ngokuqhubekayo noma ngemithamo emincane ngokusebenzisa ithubhu.

Ungaphuma ekuhlinzweni ngaleli catheter eselivele likhona. Noma udokotela (i-anesthesiologist) ufaka i-catheter emhlane ongezansi ngenkathi ulele ngohlangothi embhedeni wasesibhedlela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Izingozi zamabhulokhi we-epidural azivamile kepha zingafaka:

• Yehlisa umfutho wegazi. Uketshezi lunikezwa ngomthambo (IV) ukusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho uzinzile.
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda, isiyezi, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuquleka.

Imithi yezinhlungu ye-narcotic (opioid) ethathwa njengamaphilisi noma enikezwe njengesibhamu inganikeza ukukhululeka okwanele kobuhlungu. Ungawuthola lo muthi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kaningi, uyayithola lapho ungasadingi umuthi we-IV we-epidural noma we-IV oqhubekayo.

Izindlela othola ngazo amaphilisi noma isibhamu zifaka:

• Kuhlelo olujwayelekile, lapho ungadingi ukubacela khona
• Kuphela uma ubacela umhlengikazi wakho
• Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela, njengalapho uvuka embhedeni ukuze uhambe ephaseji noma uye ekwelashweni ngokomzimba

Amaphilisi amaningi noma amashothi ahlinzeka ukukhululeka amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha noma ngaphezulu. Uma imithi ingabuphathi kahle ubuhlungu bakho ngokwanele, buza umhlinzeki wakho mayelana:

• Ukuthola iphilisi noma ukudutshulwa kaningi
• Ukuthola umthamo onamandla
• Ukushintshela kumuthi ohlukile

Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umuthi wezinhlungu ze-opioid, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakuthatha i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) noma ibuprofen (Advil noma iMotrin) ukulawula izinhlungu. Ezimweni eziningi, lawa ma-pailillers angenawo ama-opioid ayasebenza njengama-narcotic. Futhi zikusiza ukuthi ugweme ingozi yokusebenzisa kabi nokulutha kwama-opioid.

Ukuphumula kobuhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa

• Imithi yezinhlungu

IBenzon HA, Shah RD, iBenzon HT. I-Perioperative nonopioid infusions yokuphathwa kobuhlungu obusemva kokuhlinzwa. Ku: Benzon HT, Raja SN, Liu SS, Fishman SM, Cohen SP, ama-eds. Okubalulekile Kwemithi Yezinhlungu. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 12.

Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, et al. Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu obusemva kokuhlinzwa: umhlahlandlela womtholampilo ovela e-American Pain Society, i-American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, ne-American Society of Anesthesiologists ’Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council. J Ubuhlungu. 2016; 17 (2): 131-157. I-PMID: 26827847 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26827847.

UGabriel RA, Swisher MW, Sztain JF, Furnish TJ, Ilfeld BM, Said ET. Isimo samasu okusindisa opioid wezinhlungu zangemva kokuhlinzwa ezigulini zabantu abadala ezihlinzwa. Isazi Opin Pharmacother. 2019; 20 (8): 949-961. I-PMID: 30810425 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30810425.

UHernandez A, uSherwood ER. Izimiso ze-Anesthesiology, ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, kanye nokuthanjiswa kwengqondo. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa: Isisekelo Sebhayoloji Sokuzijwayeza Kwamanje Kokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 14.

• Ngemuva Kokuhlinzwa