Ukufunda ngama-ventilator

Umshini wokuphefumula umshini ophefumulela wena noma okusiza ukuphefumula. Kubizwa nangokuthi umshini wokuphefumula noma umshini wokuphefumula. Umshini wokuphefumula:

• Inamathiselwe kwikhompyutha enezinkinobho nezinkinobho ezilawulwa ngumelaphi wokuphefumula, umhlengikazi noma udokotela.
• Inamashubhu axhuma kumuntu ngepayipi lokuphefumula. Ishubhu lokuphefumula lifakwa emlonyeni womuntu noma ekuvulekeni entanyeni kungene ku-windpipe (trachea). Lokhu kuvulwa kubizwa ngokuthi yi-tracheostomy. Kuvame ukudingeka kulabo okumele babe semshinini wokuphefumula isikhathi eside.
• Wenza umsindo futhi unama-alamu axwayisa iqembu lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lapho okuthile kudinga ukulungiswa noma ukuguqulwa.

Umuntu uthola umuthi wokuhlala ngokunethezeka ngenkathi ephefumula, ikakhulukazi uma eneshubhu lokuphefumula emlonyeni wakhe. Umuthi ungadala ukuthi abantu bozele kakhulu ukuvula amehlo abo noma bahlale bephapheme ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa.

Abantu abakwazi ukukhuluma ngenxa yeshubhu lokuphefumula. Lapho bevuke ngokwanele ukuvula amehlo abo nokunyakaza, bayakwazi ukuxhumana ngokubhala futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngokufunda izindebe.

Abantu abasebenzisa imishini yokuphefumula bazoba nezintambo eziningi namashubhu kuzo. Lokhu kungabukeka kusabisa, kepha lezi zingcingo namashubhu kusiza ukuziqapha ngokucophelela.

Abanye abantu bangaba nemingcele. Lawa asetshenziselwa ukuwavimbela ekukhipheni noma yimaphi amashubhu nezintambo ezibalulekile.

Abantu bafakwa kuma-ventilator uma bengakwazi ukuphefumula bebodwa. Lokhu kungaba ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu uthola i-oxygen eyanele futhi ususa isikhutha.
• Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, abantu bangadinga umshini wokuphefumula uma bephethe umuthi obenza balale futhi ukuphefumula kwabo akubuyelanga kokujwayelekile.
• Umuntu unokugula noma ukulimala futhi akakwazi ukuphefumula ngokujwayelekile.

Isikhathi esiningi, umshini wokuphefumula udingeka kuphela isikhathi esifushane - amahora, izinsuku, noma amasonto. Kepha kwezinye izimo, kudingeka umshini wokuphefumula izinyanga, noma kwesinye isikhathi iminyaka.

Esibhedlela, umuntu onomshini wokuphefumula ubhekwa ngokucophelela abahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubandakanya odokotela, abahlengikazi, kanye nabelapha ngokuphefumula.

Abantu abadinga ama-ventilator isikhathi eside bangahlala ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa zesikhathi eside. Abanye abantu abane-tracheostomy bangakwazi ukuba sekhaya.

Abantu abasebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula babhekwa ngokucophelela ukuthola izifo zamaphaphu. Lapho exhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula, umuntu unenkinga yokukhwehlela amafinyila. Uma i-mucus iqoqa, amaphaphu awatholi i-oxygen eyanele. Amafinyila angaholela nasenyumoniya. Ukususa isikhwehlela, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukuncela iyadingeka. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka ishubhu elincane elincanyana emlonyeni noma entanyeni yomuntu ukuvula umhluzi.

Lapho umshini wokuphefumula usetshenziswa isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, lowo muntu angathola ukondleka ngamashubhu abe semthanjeni noma esiswini sakhe.

Ngenxa yokuthi umuntu akakwazi ukukhuluma, kudingeka kwenziwe imizamo ekhethekile yokuqapha futhi abanikeze ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana.

IMacIntyre NR. Ukupholisa imishini. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 101.

USlutsky AS, uBrochard L. Imishini yokungenisa umoya. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 97.

• Ukuphazamiseka Kwetracheal