Umsebenzi wokuqala

Umsebenzi oqala ngaphambi kwesonto lama-37 ubizwa nge- "preterm" noma "ngaphambi kwesikhathi." Cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-10 ezizalwe e-United States ingaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungenye yezizathu ezinkulu zokuthi izingane zizalwe zikhubazekile noma zife. Kodwa ukunakekelwa okuhle kokubeletha kuthuthukisa amathuba okuthi ingane ezalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi izokwenza kahle.

Udinga ukubona umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha uma une:

• Ukubala kanye namajaqamba esiswini sakho
• Iziphazamiso ezinobuhlungu obuphansi emuva noma ingcindezi emgodleni wakho noma emathangeni
• Uketshezi oluvuza kusuka esithweni sakho sangasese ngokungena noma ukugeleza
• Ukuphuma kwegazi elibomvu ngokugqamile esithweni sakho sangasese
• Ukukhishwa okujiyile okugcwele amafinyila okuphuma esithweni sakho sangasese okunegazi phakathi
• Amanzi akho aphuka (ulwelwesi oluqhekekile)
• Ukudlula okungaphezu kuka-5 ngehora, noma ukuphambana okuvamile futhi okubuhlungu
• Iziphazamiso eziba zinde, ziqine, futhi zisondelane ndawonye

Abaphenyi abazi ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwabesifazane abaningi. Kodwa-ke, siyazi ukuthi izimo ezithile zingakhuphula ubungozi bokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukulethwa kwangaphambilini kwangaphambilini
• Umlando wokuhlinzwa komlomo wesibeletho, njenge-LEEP noma i-cone biopsy
• Ukukhulelwa amawele
• Ukutheleleka kumama noma kulwelwesi oluzungeze ingane
• Izinkinga ezithile zokuzalwa enganeni
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu kumama
• Isikhwama samanzi siphuka ekuseni
• Uketshezi oluningi lwe-amniotic
• Ukopha kokuqala kwamathathu amathathu

Izinkinga zezempilo zikamama noma ukukhetha indlela yokuphila engaholela ekusebenzeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubandakanya:

• Ukubhema ugwayi
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngokungemthetho, imvamisa i-cocaine nama-amphetamine
• Ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma okukhulu kwengqondo
• Ukuzuza okubi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Izinkinga nge-placenta, isibeletho, noma umlomo wesibeletho okungaholela ekusebenzeni kwangaphambi kokubeletha kufaka:

• Lapho umlomo wesibeletho ungahlali uvaliwe ngokwawo (ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho)
• Lapho ukwakheka kwesibeletho kungejwayelekile
• Umsebenzi omubi we-placenta, ukuphazamiseka kweplasenta, ne-placenta previa

Ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, landela izeluleko zomhlinzeki wakho. Shayela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka uma ucabanga ukuthi usebenza kanzima ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono yokuvimbela ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kwehlisa ingozi yokuba nengane yakho kusenesikhathi. Bona umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha lapho ucabanga ukuthi ukhulelwe. Kufanele futhi:

• Thola ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile phakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo
• Hhayi ukubhema
• Ungasebenzisi utshwala nezidakamizwa

Kungcono kakhulu ukuqala ukubona umhlinzeki wakho uma uhlela ukuba nengane kepha ungakakhulelwa. Yiba nempilo enhle ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokukhulelwa:

• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ucabanga ukuthi unegciwane lesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Gcina amazinyo nezinsini zakho kuhlanzekile ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha futhi uhambisana nokuvakashelwa nokuhlolwa okunconyiwe.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka ngenkathi ukhulelwe.
• Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho noma umbelethisi ngezinye izindlela zokuhlala uphilile.

Abesifazane abanomlando wokulethwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi bangadinga imijovo yamasonto onke ye-hormone progesterone. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe wazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngaphambi kweviki lakho lama-37 lokukhulelwa:

• Amajaqamba, ubuhlungu, noma ingcindezi esiswini sakho
• Ukuchaphazeleka, ukopha, amafinyila, noma uketshezi lwamanzi kuyavuza esithweni sakho sangasese
• Ukwanda okungazelelwe kokukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane

Umhlinzeki wakho angenza isivivinyo ukubona ukuthi ngabe unemisebenzi yokuqala yini.

• Ukuhlolwa kuzobheka ukubona ukuthi umlomo wesibeletho wakho usuvulekile yini (uvuliwe) noma uma amanzi akho ephukile.
• I-Ultransvaginal ultrasound ivame ukwenziwa ukuhlola ubude besibeletho. Umsebenzi wokuqala wangaphambi kwesikhathi ungavame ukutholakala lapho umlomo wesibeletho ufushane. Umlomo wesibeletho uyafushane ngaphambi kokuba uvuleke.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angasebenzisa ukuqapha ukubheka ukuphambana kwakho.
• Uma uphuma uketshezi, luzohlolwa. Ukuhlolwa kungasiza ukukhombisa ukuthi uzoletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma cha.

Uma usebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuzodingeka ube sesibhedlela. Ungathola imishanguzo yokumisa izingqinamba zakho futhi uvuthise amaphaphu engane yakho.

Izinkinga zokukhulelwa - ngaphambi kwesikhathi

HN, Romero R. Umsebenzi wokuqala nokuzalwa. Ku: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, ama-eds. Ama-Obstetrics kaGabbe: Ukukhulelwa Okujwayelekile Nenkinga. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 36.

USumhan HN, uBerghella V, u-Iams JD. Ukuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingqimba. Ku: Resnick R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, abahleli. ICreasy neResnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Izimiso kanye Nokuzijwayeza. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 42.

UVasquez V, uDesai S. Umsebenzi kanye nokulethwa kanye nezinkinga zabo. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 181.

• Izinsana Ezandulela Isikhathi
• Umsebenzi Wangaphambi Kokusebenza