Yiziphi Izimbangela Ezivame Kakhulu Zombono Wamafu?

-Delile

• Uyini umehluko phakathi kokubona okufiphele nokubona kwamafu?
• Yiziphi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubona okunamafu?
• Isifo senkwethu
• I-dystrophy kaFuchs
• Ukwehla kwamakhompiyutha
• I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
• Yini engadala umbono onamafu ngokungazelelwe kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo?
• Ungabona nini udokotela wamehlo
• Okubalulekile

Ukubona okunamafu kwenza umhlaba wakho ubonakale unenkungu.

Lapho ungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikuzungeze kahle, kungaphazamisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo yamehlo akho agcwele amafu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokubona okufiphele nokubona kwamafu?

Abantu abaningi badida ukubona okungaboni kahle nokubona kwamafu. Yize zifana futhi zingadalwa yisimo esifanayo, zehlukile.

• Umbono wokufiphaza kulapho izinto zibukeka zingaqondile. Ukuqwayiza amehlo akho kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ngokucacile.
• Ukubona okunamafu kulapho kubonakala sengathi ubheka ku-haze noma enkungwini. Imibala ingabukeka ithulisiwe noma iphelile. Ukuqothula akusizi ukubona izinto ngokucijile.

Kokubili ukubona okufiphele nokubona okunamafu kwesinye isikhathi kungahambisana nezimpawu ezinjengekhanda, ubuhlungu bamehlo, nama-halos azungeze amalambu.

Ezinye izimo ezibangela ukufiphala noma ukubona okunamafu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono uma kungalashwa.

Yiziphi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubona okunamafu?

Ukubona okunamafu kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba imbangela. Ake sihlolisise ezinye zezinto ezivame kakhulu:

Isifo senkwethu

I-cataract yisimo lapho ilensi yeso lakho liguqubala khona. Ilensi yakho ivame ukucaca, ngakho i-cataract yenza kubonakale sengathi ubuka ngefasitela lenkungu. Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokubona okunamafu.

Njengoba i-cataract iqhubeka ikhula, ingaphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi yenze kube nzima ukubona izinto ngokucijile noma ngokusobala.

Iningi le-cataract likhula kancane, ngakho-ke lithinta umbono wakho njengoba likhula. I-cataract ivame ukukhula ngamehlo womabili, kepha hhayi ngesilinganiso esifanayo. I-cataract esweni elilodwa ingakhula ngokushesha okukhulu kunenye, okungadala umehluko kumbono phakathi kwamehlo.

Iminyaka yobudala yiyona nto ebanga ubungozi kakhulu ngamehlo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala zingadala ukuthi izicubu zelensi zehle futhi zihlangane, ezakha i-cataract.

I-cataract nayo ivame kakhulu kubantu:

• unesifo sikashukela
• ube nomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• thatha imithi yesikhathi eside ye-steroid
• uke wahlinzwa iso phambilini
• ngibe nolunye uhlobo lokulimala kweso

Izimpawu ze-cataract zifaka:

• umbono onamafu noma ofiphele
• kunzima ukubona kahle ebusuku noma ekukhanyeni okuphansi
• ukubona ama-halos azungeze amalambu
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• imibala ebukeka ifiphele
• izinguquko ezenzeka njalo ezibukweni zakho noma emiyalelweni yelensi yokuxhumana
• ukubona kabili esweni elilodwa

Ngama-cataract esiteji sokuqala, kunezinguquko ongazenza ukusiza ukunciphisa izimpawu, njengokusebenzisa amalambu akhanyayo ngaphakathi, ukugqoka izibuko zelanga zokulwa nokukhanya, nokusebenzisa ingilazi yokukhulisa ukufunda.

Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kuwukuphela kokwelapha okusebenzayo kwe-cataract. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa lapho i-cataract yakho iphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, noma inciphisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ilensi yakho enamafu iyasuswa bese kufakwa ilensi yokufakelwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa ngaphandle futhi ungahlala uye ekhaya ngalo lolo suku.

Ukuhlinzwa kweCataract ngokuvamile kuphephe kakhulu futhi kunezinga eliphezulu lokuphumelela.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka usebenzise amaconsi wamehlo futhi ugqoke isivikelo seso esivikelayo lapho ulele. Ngokujwayelekile ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho ejwayelekile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ukululama ngokugcwele kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, noma kunjalo.

I-dystrophy kaFuchs

I-Fuchs ’dystrophy yisifo esithinta i-cornea.

I-cornea inengqimba yamaseli abizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium, apompa uketshezi ngaphandle kwe-cornea futhi agcine umbono wakho ucacile. Kwi-Fuchs ’dystrophy, amaseli endothelial ayafa kancane, okuholela ekwakheni uketshezi ku-cornea. Lokhu kungadala umbono onamafu.

Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-dystrophy ye-Fuchs. Uphawu lokuqala luvamise ukungaboni kahle ekuseni oluqhamuka emini.

Izimpawu zakamuva zingafaka:

• ukufiphala noma umbono onamafu usuku lonke
• amabhamuza amancane ku-cornea yakho; lezi zingase zivuleke futhi zibangele ubuhlungu bamehlo
• umuzwa onobuhlungu esweni lakho
• ukuzwela ekukhanyeni

I-Fuchs ’dystrophy ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane nakubantu abanomlando womndeni wesifo. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50.

Ukwelashwa kwe-dystrophy ye-Fuchs kuncike ekutheni isifo sithinta kanjani iso lakho, futhi kungafaka:

• amaconsi wamehlo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• usebenzisa umthombo wokushisa (njengesomisi sezinwele) ukusiza ukomisa ubuso be-cornea yakho
• ukufakelwa kwe-corneal kwamaseli we-endothelial kuphela, noma i-cornea ephelele, uma izimpawu zinzima futhi zingaphenduli kolunye ukwelashwa

Ukwehla kwamakhompiyutha

Ukwehla kwamakhompiyutha kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokulahleka kombono. Kwenzeka lapho ingxenye emaphakathi ye-retina - ingxenye yeso elithumela izithombe ebuchosheni bakho - iba yimbi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuwohloka kwe-macular: ezimanzi futhi ezomile.

Ukwehla okukhulu kwe-macular uhlobo olomile. Lokhu kubangelwa yimadiphozithi amancane abizwa ngokuthi yi-drusen akha ngaphansi kwenkaba ye-retina.

Ukonakala okumanzi kwe-macular kubangelwa yimithambo yegazi engajwayelekile eyakha ngemuva kwe-retina noketshezi oluvuzayo.

Ekuqaleni, ungahle ungaboni zimpawu. Ekugcineni kuzodala umbono we-wavy, onamafu, noma ofiphele.

Ubudala buyisici esikhulu sengozi yokuwohloka kwe-macular. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55.

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi zifaka umlando womndeni, ubuhlanga - kuvame kakhulu kubantu baseCaucasus - nokubhema. Unganciphisa ubungozi bakho ngoku:

• ukungabhemi
• ukuvikela amehlo akho uma ungaphandle
• ukudla ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo

Alikho ikhambi lokonakala kwe-macular. Noma kunjalo, ungakwazi ukubambezela ukuqhubeka kwayo.

Ngohlobo olomile, kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi amavithamini nezithasiselo, kufaka phakathi uvithamini C, uvithamini E, zinc, nethusi, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubekela phambili.

Ngokuwohloka kwe-macular okumanzi, kunezindlela zokwelashwa ezimbili wena nodokotela wakho eningazicabangela ukunciphisa ukuqhubeka:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-Anti-VEGF. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvimbela imithambo yegazi ukuthi ingenzeki ngemuva kwe-retina, evimba ukuvuza. Lokhu kwelashwa kunikezwa ngokudutshulwa esweni lakho, futhi kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kokuwohloka kwe-macular okumanzi.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Laser. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukuqhubekela phambili kokuwohloka okumanzi kwe-macular.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga yesifo sikashukela elimaza imithambo yegazi ku-retina.

Kubangelwa ushukela okweqile egazini lakho okuvimba imithambo yegazi exhuma kwi-retina, enqamula ukunikezwa kwegazi kwayo. Iso lizokhula imithambo yegazi emisha, kepha le ayikhuli kahle kubantu abane-retinopathy enesifo sikashukela.

Noma ngubani onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uthayiphe u-2 angaba ne-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. Uma unesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside, maningi amathuba okuthi usithuthukise lesi simo, ikakhulukazi uma ushukela wegazi lakho ungalawulwa kahle.

Ezinye izinto ezandisa ubungozi bokukhula kwesifo sikashukela zifaka:

• ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu
• ukubhema

I-retinopathy yokuqala yesifo sikashukela kungenzeka ingabangeli zimpawu. Ezigabeni zakamuva, izimpawu zingafaka:

• ukungaboni kahle noma ukubona okunamafu
• imibala ethulisiwe
• izindawo ezingenalutho noma ezimnyama kumbono wakho
• ama-floaters (izindawo ezimnyama emkhakheni wakho wokubuka)
• ukulahleka kombono

Ekutholakaleni kokuqala kwesifo sikashukela, ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angavele aqaphe umbono wakho ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale nini.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela esithuthuke kakhulu izodinga ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungamisa noma kubambezele ukuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela, kodwa kungaphinde kukhule uma isifo sikashukela siqhubeka nokuphathwa ngendlela engafanele.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• i-photocoagulation, esebenzisa ama-lasers ukumisa imithambo yegazi ingavuzi
• i-panretinal photocoagulation, esebenzisa ama-lasers ukunciphisa imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile
• i-vitrectomy, okubandakanya ukususwa kwegazi nezicubu ezibomvu ngokuqhekeka okuncane esweni lakho
• Ukwelashwa kwe-anti-VEGF

Yini engadala umbono onamafu ngokungazelelwe kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo?

Izimbangela eziningi zombono onamafu ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Kepha kunezimo ezithile lapho ungaba nombono wamafu ngokungazelelwe kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukulimala kweso, njengokushaywa esweni.
• Ukutheleleka esweni lakho. Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okungahle kwenzeke okungadala umbono osibekele ngokungazelelwe yi-herpes, ugcunsula, isifo sofuba kanye ne-toxoplasmosis.
• Ukuvuvukala esweni lakho. Njengoba amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ejaha ukuqukatha ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala, angabhubhisa izicubu zamehlo futhi abangele umbono onamafu ngokungazelelwe. Ukuvuvukala esweni kuvame ukubangelwa yisifo esizimele, kodwa futhi kungabangelwa ukutheleleka noma ukulimala.

Ungabona nini udokotela wamehlo

Ukubona ngezikhathi ezithile noma okunamafu amancane kungenzeka kungabi yinto ongakhathazeka ngayo. Kepha kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma ubuwula buhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku noma ezimbili.

Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela wakho uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• izinguquko kumbono wakho
• ukubona kabili
• ebona ukukhanya kokukhanya
• ubuhlungu besiso ngokuzuma
• ubuhlungu obukhulu beso
• umuzwa onobuthi esweni lakho ongapheli
• ikhanda elibuhlungu

Okubalulekile

Uma unamehlo aguqubele, kungabonakala sengathi ubheka umhlaba ngefasitela lenkungu.

I-cataract iyimbangela evame kakhulu yokubona okunamafu. Inqwaba yamakhathakhatha ikhula kancane, kepha imvamisa iba yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kunazo zonke ukusiza ukubuyisa umbono wakho.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingandile kakhulu zokubona okunamafu zihlanganisa i-Fuchs ’dystrophy, ukwehla kwemacular, kanye ne-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela.

Uma uhlangabezana nombono wefu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezimbangela ezingaba khona kanye nokwelashwa.