Ama-antihistamine okwaliwa yizifo ezithile

Ukungezwani komzimba nokuphendula komzimba, noma ukusabela, ezintweni (izifo zomzimba) ezingavamisile ukuba yingozi. Kumuntu onenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nomzimba, ukuphendula komzimba kuyazwela. Lapho ibona ukuthi i-allergen iyini, amasosha omzimba aqala impendulo. Amakhemikhali anjenge-histamines akhishwa. Lawa makhemikhali abangela izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

Uhlobo olulodwa lomuthi olusiza ukuqeda izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ne-antihistamine.

Ama-antihistamine yimithi elapha izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngokuvimba imiphumela ye-histamine. Ama-antihistamine eza njengamaphilisi, amaphilisi angahlafunwayo, ama-capsule, uketshezi namaconsi wamehlo. Kukhona futhi namafomu anokujova asetshenziswa ikakhulu kuzilungiselelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ama-antihistamine aphatha lezi zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba:

• Ukuminyana, ikhala eligobayo, ukuthimula, noma ukulunywa
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu acinene
• Isifuba nokunye ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
• Ukulunywa, amehlo agijimayo

Ukwelapha izimpawu kungasiza wena noma ingane yakho ukuthi izizwe ingcono emini futhi ilale kangcono ebusuku.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho, ungathatha ama-antihistamine:

• Nsuku zonke, ukusiza ukugcina izimpawu zansuku zonke zilawulwa
• Kuphela lapho unezimpawu
• Ngaphambi kokuvezwa ezintweni ezivame ukudala izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba, njengesilwane esifuywayo noma izitshalo ezithile

Kubantu abaningi abane-allergies, izimpawu zimbi kakhulu cishe ngo-4 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ekuseni Ukuthatha i-antihistamine ngesikhathi sokulala kungakusiza wena noma ingane yakho uzizwe ungcono ekuseni ngesikhathi sokungezwani komzimba.

Ungathenga izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zama-antihistamine ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

• Abanye basebenza amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha kuphela, kanti abanye basebenza amahora ayi-12 kuya kwangama-24.
• Amanye ahlanganiswe ne-decongestant, umuthi owomisa izindima zakho zamakhala.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lwe-antihistamine nokuthi iyiphi isilinganiso esifanele esifanele wena noma ingane yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kangakanani nokuthi uyisebenzisa kangaki ngosuku. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ilebuli ngokucophelela. Noma buza usokhemisi wakho uma unemibuzo.

• Amanye ama-antihistamine abangela ukulala okuncane kunamanye. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-cetirizine (Zyrtec), i-desloratadine (i-Clarinex), i-fexofenadine (i-Allegra), ne-loratadine (i-Claritin).
• Ungaphuzi utshwala uma uthatha ama-antihistamine.

Futhi, khumbula:

• Gcina ama-antihistamine ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nokushisa, ukukhanya okuqondile nomswakama.
• Ungafaki ama-antihistamine.
• Gcina yonke imithi lapho izingane zingakwazi ukufinyelela kuyo.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe ama-antihistamine aphephile kuwe noma enganeni yakho, imiphi imiphumela emibi ongayibuka, nokuthi ama-antihistamine angayithinta kanjani eminye imithi wena noma ingane yakho oyithathayo.

• Ama-antihistamine kucatshangwa ukuthi aphephile kubantu abadala.
• Iningi lama-antihistamine futhi liphephile ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala.
• Uma uncelisa noma ukhulelwe, cela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ngabe ama-antihistamine aphephile yini kuwe.
• Abantu abadala abathatha ama-antihistamine kufanele bazi ukuthi umuthi ubathinta kanjani ngaphambi kokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini.
• Uma ingane yakho iphuza ama-antihistamine, qiniseka ukuthi umuthi awulithinti ikhono lengane yakho lokufunda.

Kungaba nokuqapha okukhethekile ngokusebenzisa ama-antihistamine uma une:

• Isifo sikashukela
• I-prostate enwetshiwe noma izinkinga zokudlulisa umchamo
• Isifo sokuwa
• Isifo senhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Ukucindezela okwandisiwe esweni (glaucoma)
• Indlala yegilo eyeqile

Imiphumela emibi yama-antihistamine ingafaka:

• Izinguquko kumbono, njengokufiphala kwamehlo
• Ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
• Isiyezi
• Ukozela
• Umlomo owomile
• Ukuzizwa unovalo, ujabule noma ucasukile

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Amakhala akho acasukile, uphuma igazi ngamakhala, noma unezinye izimpawu ezintsha zamakhala
• Izimpawu zakho zokungezwani komzimba azibi ngcono
• Unenkinga yokuthatha ama-antihistamine akho

I-allergen rhinitis - i-antihistamine; Isifuba - antihistamine; I-allergen conjunctivitis - i-antihistamine; Urticaria - antihistamine; Isikhumba - antihistamine; I-eczema - i-antihistamine

UCorren J, Baroody FM, Togias A. I-rhinitis yokungezwani nokwaliwa. Ku: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, ama-eds. Ukungezwani komzimba noMiddleton: Izimiso kanye Nokuzijwayeza. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 40.

USeidman MD, uGurgel RK, uLin SY, et al. Umhlahlandlela wokusebenza komtholampilo: i-allergen rhinitis. I-Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015; 152 (1 Isipele): S1-S43. I-PMID: 25644617 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25644617/.

I-Wallace DV, i-Dykewicz MS, i-Oppenheimer J, iPortnoy JM, iLang DM. Ukwelashwa kwe-Pharmacologic ye-allergen rhinitis yesikhathi sonyaka: amazwibela wokuqondiswa okuvela eqenjini elihlangene le-2017 kumapharamitha wokuzijwayeza. U-Ann Intern Med. 2017; 167 (12): 876-881. I-PMID: 29181536 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29181536/.

• Ukungezwani komzimba