Ingcindezi ejwayelekile i-hydrocephalus

IHydrocephalus iyinqwaba yomgogodla ngaphakathi kwamakamelo amanzi obuchopho. IHydrocephalus isho ukuthi "amanzi asebuchosheni."

Ingcindezi ejwayelekile i-hydrocephalus (NPH) ukukhuphuka kwenani le-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ebuchosheni elithinta ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, ingcindezi yoketshezi ivamile.

Asikho isizathu esaziwayo se-NPH. Kepha ithuba lokuthuthukisa i-NPH liphezulu kumuntu oke waba nokulandelayo:

• Ukopha okuvela esitsheni segazi noma i-aneurysm ebuchosheni (i-subarachnoid hemorrhage)
• Ukulimala okuthile ekhanda
• I-meningitis noma izifo ezifanayo
• Ukuhlinzwa ebuchosheni (i-craniotomy)

Njengoba i-CSF yakhela ebuchosheni, amakamelo agcwele uketshezi (ama-ventricles) obuchopho ayavuvukala. Lokhu kudala ingcindezi ezicutshini zobuchopho. Lokhu kungalimaza noma kuqede izingxenye zobuchopho.

Izimpawu ze-NPH zivame ukuqala kancane. Kunezimpawu ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-NPH:

• Izinguquko endleleni umuntu ahamba ngayo: ubunzima lapho eqala ukuhamba (gait apraxia), uzizwa sengathi izinyawo zakho zinamathele emhlabathini (magnetic gait)
• Ukuhamba kancane kokusebenza kwengqondo: ukukhohlwa, ubunzima bokunaka, ukunganaki noma ukungabi namizwa
• Izinkinga zokulawula umchamo (ukungahambisani nomchamo), futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukulawula indle (ukungasebenzi kwamathumbu)

Ukuxilongwa kwe-NPH kungenziwa uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezingenhla futhi kusolwa i-NPH bese kwenziwa ukuhlolwa.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu. Uma une-NPH, umhlinzeki uzothola ukuthi ukuhamba kwakho (i-gait) akuyona into ejwayelekile. Ungaba nezinkinga zememori.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar (umpompi womgogodla) ngokuhlolwa ngokucophelela kokuhamba ngaphambi nangakwesokudla ngemuva kompompi womgogodla
• I-Head CT scan noma i-MRI yekhanda

Ukwelashwa kwe-NPH kuvamise ukuhlinzekwa ukuze kufakwe ishubhu elibizwa ngokuthi i-shunt elihambisa i-CSF eyeqile kuphuma kuma-ventricles wobuchopho kuya esiswini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu futhi zingaholela ekufeni.

Ukuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa izimpawu kwabanye abantu. Labo abanezimpawu ezincane banomphumela omuhle kakhulu. Ukuhamba uphawu okungenzeka ukuthi luthuthuke.

Izinkinga ezingabangelwa yi-NPH noma ukwelashwa kwayo zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa (ukutheleleka, ukopha, i-shunt engasebenzi kahle)
• Ukulahleka kokusebenza kobuchopho (ukuwohloka komqondo) okuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukulimala okuwa
• Isikhathi esifushane sokuphila

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Wena noma othandekayo unezinkinga ezandayo ngememori, ukuhamba, noma ukungasebenzi komchamo.
• Umuntu one-NPH uya eba kubi kuze kufike lapho ungakwazi khona ukunakekela lowo muntu ngokwakho.

Iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo uma kwenzeka ushintsho olungazelelwe esimweni sengqondo. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi sekuvele esinye isifo.

I-Hydrocephalus - ukusebenzelana nemimoya; I-Hydrocephalus - idiopathic; I-Hydrocephalus - umuntu omdala; I-Hydrocephalus - ukuxhumana; Ukwehla komqondo - i-hydrocephalus; NPH

• I-Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - ukukhipha

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo
• Ama-Ventricles obuchopho

IRosenberg GA. I-edema yobuchopho nokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwe-cerebrospinal fluid. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 88.

USivakumar W, Drake JM, Riva-Cambrin J. Indima ye-ventriculostomy yesithathu kubantu abadala nasezinganeni: ukubuyekeza okubucayi. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans neWinn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 32.

UWilliam MA, uMalm J. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwengcindezi ejwayelekile ye-idiopathic hydrocephalus. I-Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2016; 22 (2 Ukuwohloka komqondo): 579-599. I-PMCID: PMC5390935 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5390935/.