I-acoustic neuroma

I-acoustic neuroma iyisigaxa esikhula kancane senzwa exhuma indlebe ebuchosheni. Le nzwa ibizwa ngokuthi i-vestibular cochlear nerve. Kusemva kwendlebe, ngaphansi kobuchopho.

I-acoustic neuroma iyingozi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akusakazeki nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Noma kunjalo, ingalimaza izinzwa eziningana ezibalulekile njengoba ikhula.

Ama-acoustic neuromas axhunywe ne-genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2).

Ama-acoustic neuromas ajwayelekile.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka, kuya ngosayizi nendawo yesimila. Ngenxa yokuthi isimila sikhula kancane, izimpawu zivame ukuqala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30.

Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuzwa okungavamile kokunyakaza (i-vertigo)
• Ukuzwa ukulahleka endlebeni ethintekile okwenza kube nzima ukuzwa izingxoxo
• Ukukhala (tinnitus) endlebeni ethintekile

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu zifaka:

• Inzima ukuqonda inkulumo
• Isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Ukuba ndikindiki ebusweni noma endlebeni eyodwa
• Ubuhlungu ebusweni noma endlebeni eyodwa
• Ubuthakathaka bobuso noma i-asymmetry yobuso

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angasola i-acoustic neuroma ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yakho yezinzwa, noma izivivinyo.

Imvamisa, ukuhlolwa komzimba kujwayelekile lapho kutholakala isimila. Kwesinye isikhathi, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingaba khona:

• Ukwehla komuzwa ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso
• Ukujula kolunye uhlangothi lobuso
• Ukuhamba okungazinzile

Isivivinyo esiwusizo kakhulu ukukhomba i-acoustic neuroma yi-MRI yobuchopho. Olunye uvivinyo lokuthola isimila bese usitshela ngaphandle kwezinye izimbangela zesizungu noma i-vertigo zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa
• Ukuhlolwa kokulingana nokulinganisela (i-electronystagmography)
• Ukuhlolwa kokuzwa nokusebenza kwe-brainstem (impendulo ye-brainstem auditory evoked)

Ukwelashwa kuya ngosayizi nendawo yesimila, iminyaka yakho nempilo yakho yonke. Wena nomhlinzeki wakho kufanele ninqume ukuthi nizosibuka yini isimila ngaphandle kokwelashwa, nisebenzise imisebe ukusivimba ukuthi sikhule, noma sizame ukusikhipha.

Ama-neuromas ama-acoustic amaningi mancane futhi akhula kancane kakhulu. Izicubu ezincane ezinezimpawu ezimbalwa noma ezingekho nhlobo zingabukelwa izinguquko, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-MRI kuzokwenziwa.

Uma ingalashwa, amanye ama-neuromas acoustic anga:

• Ukulimaza izinzwa ezihilelekile ekuzweni nasekulinganiseni
• Faka ingcindezi ezicutshini zobuchopho eziseduze
• Limaza izinzwa ezibhekene nokunyakaza nokuzizwa ebusweni
• Kuholele ekwakhiweni koketshezi (i-hydrocephalus) ebuchosheni (ngezicubu ezinkulu kakhulu)

Ukususa i-acoustic neuroma kuvame ukwenzelwa:

• Izimila ezinkulu
• Izimila ezibangela izimpawu
• Izimila ezikhula ngokushesha
• Izicubu ezicindezela ubuchopho

Ukuhlinzwa noma uhlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe kwenziwa ukuze kususwe isimila futhi kuvimbele okunye ukulimala kwezinzwa. Ngokuya ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenziwe, ukuzwa kwesinye isikhathi kungagcinwa.

• Inqubo yokuhlinza ukususa i-acoustic neuroma ibizwa nge-microsurgery. Kusetshenziswa imicroscope ekhethekile nezinsimbi ezincane ezinembile. Le ndlela inikeza ithuba eliphakeme lokwelashwa.
• Ama-radiosurgery we-stereotactic agxila kuma-x-ray aphakeme kakhulu endaweni encane. Kuyindlela yokwelashwa ngemisebe, hhayi inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Ingasetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ijubane noma ukumisa ukukhula kwezimila okunzima ukuzikhipha ngokuhlinzwa. Kungenziwa futhi ukwelapha abantu abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa, njengabantu abadala asebekhulile noma abantu abagula kakhulu.

Ukususa i-acoustic neuroma kungalimaza izinzwa. Lokhu kungadala ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ubuthakathaka emisipheni yobuso. Lo monakalo kungenzeka uvele lapho isimila sikhulu.

I-acoustic neuroma ayiwona umdlavuza. Isimila asisabalalisi nezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ingaqhubeka ikhule futhi icindezele kuzakhiwo kugebhezi.

Abantu abanezicubu ezincane ezikhula kancane kungenzeka bangadingi ukwelashwa.

Ukuzwa ukulahleka okukhona ngaphambi kokwelashwa akunakwenzeka ukuthi kubuye ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma i-radiosurgery. Ezimweni zezimila ezincane, ukulahleka kokuzwa okwenzeka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kungabuya.

Iningi labantu abanezimila ezincane ngeke babe nobuthakathaka obuhlala njalo ebusweni ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezicubu ezinkulu banamathuba amaningi okuba nobuthakathaka obunomphela bobuso ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Izimpawu zokulimala kwemizwa njengokulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ubuthakathaka ebusweni zingabambezeleka ngemuva kwemisebe ye-radiosurgery.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kungasisusa ngokuphelele isimila.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa okungazelelwe noma okuya ngokuya kuba kubi
• Ukukhala endlebeni eyodwa
• Isiyezi (i-vertigo)

Vestibular schwannoma; I-tumor - i-acoustic; Isigaxa se-Cerebellopontine angle angle; Isigaxa se-engela; Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa - i-acoustic; Tinnitus - i-acoustic

• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho - ukukhishwa
• Ama-radiosurgery we-stereotactic - ukukhishwa

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo

U-Arriaga MA, uBrackmann DE. Ama-neoplasms we-posterior fossa. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 179.

UDeAngelis LM. Izimila zesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 180.

UWang X, Mack SC, Taylor MD. Izakhi zofuzo zezimila zobuchopho ezingane. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans neWinn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 205.