Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi

Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi kahle kukhuphuka kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi okungavela noma kubangele ukulimala ebuchosheni.

Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi kungenziwa ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi ye-cerebrospinal fluid. Lona uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi nakho kungenziwa ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho uqobo. Lokhu kungabangelwa isisindo (njengesimila), ukuphuma ebuchosheni noma uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho, noma ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kobuchopho uqobo.

Ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi kuyinkinga yezempilo enkulu futhi esongela impilo. Ingcindezi ingalimaza ubuchopho noma umgogodla ngokucindezela ezakhiweni ezibalulekile nangokuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi kungene ebuchosheni.

Izimo eziningi zingakhuphula ingcindezi yokungasebenzi. Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuqhekeka kwe-Aneurysm kanye ne-subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Isigaxa sobuchopho
• Ukucasuka kwe-Encephalitis nokuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, kobuchopho)
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• I-Hydrocephalus (uketshezi olwandile nxazonke zobuchopho)
• Ukopha ngokweqile kwengqondo (ukuphuma ebuchosheni kusuka kumfutho wegazi ophakeme)
• Ukopha okungaphakathi emzimbeni (ukuphuma kwegazi ezindaweni ezigcwele uketshezi, noma ama-ventricle, ngaphakathi kobuchopho)
• I-Meningitis (ukutheleleka kolwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho nomgogodla)
• I-hematoma engaphansi (ukuphuma kwegazi phakathi kokumbozwa kobuchopho nobuso bobuchopho)
• I-Epidural hematoma (ukuphuma kwegazi phakathi ngaphakathi kogebhezi nesembozo sangaphandle sobuchopho)
• Ukudlikiza
• Unhlangothi

Izinsana:

• Ukozela
• Imisipha ehlukanisiwe kugebhezi
• Ukuqhuma kwendawo ethambile ngaphezulu kwekhanda (bulging fontanelle)
• Ukuhlanza

Izingane ezindala nabantu abadala:

• Izinguquko zokuziphatha
• Ukwehla kokuqapha
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Imikhuba emibi
• Izimpawu zesistimu yezinzwa, kufaka phakathi ubuthakathaka, ukuba ndikindiki, izinkinga zokuhamba kwamehlo, kanye nokubona kabili
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuhlanza

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvamise ukwenza ukuxilongwa eceleni kombhede wesiguli egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma esibhedlela. Odokotela bokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kwesinye isikhathi bangabona izimpawu zokuqala zokukhuphuka kwengcindezi yangaphakathi njengokushaywa yikhanda, ukuquleka, noma ezinye izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa.

Ukuhlolwa kwekhanda le-MRI noma kwe-CT kuvamise ukunquma imbangela yokwanda kwengcindezi yokusebenza ngaphakathi futhi kuqinisekise ukuxilongwa.

Ingcindezi yangaphakathi ingalinganiswa ngesikhathi sompompi womgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar). Ingalinganiswa futhi ngqo ngokusebenzisa umshini obhoboza ugebhezi noma ishubhu (ipayipi) elifakwa endaweni engenalutho ebuchosheni ebizwa nge-ventricle.

Ukucindezela okungazelelwe okwenzeka ngaphakathi kunguphuthumayo. Umuntu uzokwelashwa egumbini labagula kakhulu esibhedlela. Ithimba lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizolinganisa futhi liqaphe izimpawu zomuntu zezinzwa nezimqoka, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ukuxhaswa kokuphefumula
• Ukukhipha uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal ukwehlisa ingcindezi ebuchosheni
• Imithi yokwehlisa ukuvuvukala
• Ukususwa kwengxenye yogebhezi, ikakhulukazi ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala kohlangothi okubandakanya ukuvuvukala kobuchopho

Uma isimila, ukopha, noma enye inkinga ibangele ukwanda kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi, lezi zinkinga zizolashwa.

Ukucindezelwa okungazelelwe kokungasebenzi kahle kuyisimo esibi futhi esivame ukusongela impilo. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kubangela umbono ongcono.

Uma ingcindezi eyandisiwe icindezela ezakhiweni zobuchopho ezibalulekile nasemithanjeni yegazi, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ezihlala njalo noma ngisho nasekufeni.

Lesi simo ngokuvamile asikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Uma unekhanda eliphikelelayo, ukungaboni kahle, izinguquko ezingeni lakho lokuqapha, izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa, noma ukuquleka, funa usizo lwezokwelapha khona manjalo.

ICP - iphakanyisiwe; Ingcindezi yangaphakathi - iphakanyisiwe; Umfutho wegazi ophakeme we-intracranial; Ukucindezela okukhulu okwandayo kokungasebenzi; Ingcindezi eyanda ngokungazelelwe yokuhlangana

• I-Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - ukukhipha

• I-hematoma engaphansi
• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo

I-Ball JW, i-Dains JE, i-Flynn JA, i-Solomon BS, i-Stewart RW. Izimo eziphuthumayo noma ezisongela impilo. Ku: Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW, ama-eds. Umhlahlandlela kaSeidel Wokuhlolwa Komzimba. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 26.

I-Beaumont A. Physiology yomfutho we-cerebrospinal fluid kanye nengcindezi engasebenzi. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans neWinn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 52.

UKelly AM. Izimo eziphuthumayo ze-Neurology. Ku: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, abahleli. Incwadi Yemithi Ephuthumayo Yabantu Abadala. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: 386-427.