Idiopathic hypersomnia

I-Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) yisifo sokulala lapho umuntu elele ngokweqile (hypersomnia) emini futhi enenkinga enkulu yokuvuswa ebuthongweni. Idiopathic kusho ukuthi ayikho imbangela ecacile.

I-IH ifana ne-narcolepsy ngoba ulele ngokweqile. Ihlukile ekulahlekelweni yindlala ngoba i-IH ayijwayele ukubandakanya ukulala ngokuzumayo (ukuhlaselwa ukulala) noma ukulahlekelwa ukulawula imisipha ngenxa yemizwa enamandla (cataplexy). Futhi, ngokungafani ne-narcolepsy, ukulala kwe-IH imvamisa akuqabuli.

Izimpawu zivame ukukhula kancane ngesikhathi sobusha noma ebudaleni. Kubandakanya:

• Ukulala emini okungakhululi ukozela
• Kunzima ukuvuka ebuthongweni obude - ungazizwa udidekile noma uphazamisekile ('' ukudakwa ubuthongo '')
• Isidingo esengeziwe sokulala emini - noma ngabe usemsebenzini, noma ngesikhathi sokudla noma ingxoxo
• Isikhathi sokulala esandisiwe - kufika emahoreni ayi-14 kuye kwangama-18 ngosuku

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukuzizwa ucasukile
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Amandla aphansi
• Ukungahlaliseki
• Ukucabanga okuncane noma inkulumo
• Unenkinga yokukhumbula

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokubuza ngomlando wakho wokulala. Indlela ejwayelekile ukucabangela ezinye izimbangela zokulala ngokweqile emini.

Ezinye izinkinga zokulala ezingabangela ukulala emini zihlanganisa:

• Ukuxokozela
• I-apnea yokulala evimbela
• Isifo somlenze esingenasiphetho

Ezinye izimbangela zokulala ngokweqile zifaka:

• Ukucindezeleka
• Imithi ethile
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa notshwala
• Umsebenzi we-thyroid ophansi
• Ukulimala kwekhanda kwangaphambilini

Izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kokubambezeleka kokulala okuningi (isivivinyo sokubona ukuthi kukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukulala ngesikhathi sokulala emini)
• Isifundo sokulala (i-polysomnography, ukukhomba ezinye izinkinga zokulala)

Ukuhlolwa kwempilo yengqondo ngokudangala nakho kungenziwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka anikeze imithi evuselelayo efana ne-amphetamine, i-methylphenidate, noma i-modafinil. Le mithi kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle kulesi simo njengoba yenzela i-narcolepsy.

Izinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza ukunciphisa izimpawu nokuvimbela ukulimala zifaka:

• Gwema utshwala nemithi engenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izimoto noma ukusebenzisa okokusebenza okuyingozi
• Gwema ukusebenza ebusuku noma imisebenzi yomphakathi ebambezela isikhathi sakho sokulala

Xoxa ngesimo sakho nomhlinzeki wakho uma uphindaphinde iziqephu zokulala emini. Kungenzeka ngenxa yenkinga yezokwelapha edinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

I-Hypersomnia - idiopathic; Ukozela - idiopathic; Ubutabane - idiopathic

• Amaphethini wokulala kwabancane nasebekhulile

UBilliard M, Sonka K. Idiopathic hypersomnia. Ukulala Med Rev. 2016; 29: 23-33. I-PMID: 26599679 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26599679.

UDauvilliers Y, uBassetti CL. Idiopathic hypersomnia. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ama-eds. Izimiso Nokwenza Kwendlela Yokulala. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 91.