I-Melasma

I-Melasma yisimo sesikhumba esidala amabala wesikhumba esimnyama ezindaweni zobuso ezivezwe yilanga.

I-Melasma yisifo esivamile sesikhumba. Ivela kaningi kwabesifazane abasebancane abanethoni yesikhumba esinsundu, kepha ingathinta noma ngubani.

I-Melasma ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nama-hormone abesifazane i-estrogen ne-progesterone. Kuvamile ku:

• Abesifazane abakhulelwe
• Abesifazane abathatha amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha (izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo)
• Abesifazane abathatha i-hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.

Ukuba selangeni kwenza i-melasma ibe namathuba amaningi okuthi ikhule. Inkinga ivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo.

Uphawu kuphela lwe-melasma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuguqulwa kombala kungadala ukucindezeleka ngokubukeka kwakho.

Izinguquko zombala wesikhumba zivame ukuba umbala onsundu imbala. Zivame ukuvela ezihlathini, ebunzini, ekhaleni, noma endebeni engenhla. Amabala amnyama avame ukulingana.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzobheka isikhumba sakho ukuthola inkinga. Ukuhlolwa okusondele usebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa nge-Wood’s lamp (esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet) kungasiza ekuqondiseni ukwelashwa kwakho.

Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Okhilimu abaqukethe izinto ezithile zokuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwe-melasma
• Amakhemikhali amakhemikhali noma okhilimu be-steroid
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser ukususa i-pigment emnyama uma i-melasma inzima
• Ukumisa imithi ye-hormone engase idale inkinga
• Imithi ethathwe ngomlomo

I-Melasma ivame ukuphela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuyeka ukuthatha imithi ye-hormone noma ukukhulelwa kwakho kuphelile. Inkinga ingabuya ekukhulelweni okuzayo noma uma usebenzisa le mithi futhi. Kungabuya futhi ekushisweni yilanga.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ubumnyama ebusweni obungapheli.

Indlela engcono yokwehlisa ubungozi be-melasma ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni ukuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni nasekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV).

Izinto ongazenza ukwehlisa ukukhanya kwakho elangeni zifaka:

• Gqoka izingubo ezinjengezigqoko, amahembe enemikhono emide, iziketi ezinde, noma amabhulukwe.
• Zama ukugwema ukuba selangeni phakathi nemini, lapho ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kukhulu kakhulu.
• Sebenzisa ama-sunscreen asezingeni eliphakeme, okungcono ngesilinganiso se-sun protection factor (SPF) okungenani esingu-30. Khetha isivikelo selanga esibanzi esibanzi esivimba ukukhanya kwe-UVA ne-UVB.
• Faka i-sunscreen ngaphambi kokuphuma ungene elangeni, uphinde ufake isicelo kaningi - okungenani njalo emahoreni amabili ngenkathi uselangeni.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen unyaka wonke, kufaka phakathi nobusika.
• Gwema amalambu elanga, imibhede yokushuka, nezindawo zokucwala ukushuka.

Ezinye izinto okufanele uzazi ngokushiswa yilanga:

• Ukuvezwa yilanga kunamandla ezindaweni eziseduze noma eziseduze ezibonisa ukukhanya, njengamanzi, isihlabathi, ukhonkolo nezindawo ezipendwe mhlophe.
• Imisebe yelanga iba namandla kakhulu ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
• Isikhumba sisha ngokushesha ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Chloasma; Imaski yokukhulelwa; Imaski yokukhulelwa

I-Dinulos JGH.Izifo ezihlobene nokukhanya kanye nokuphazamiseka kombala. Ku: I-Dinulos JGH, ed. IHabif's Clinical Dermatology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 19.

UJames WD, u-Elston DM, Phatha i-JR, i-Rosenbach MA, i-IM ye-Neuhaus. Ukuphazanyiswa kombala. Ku: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. Izifo zika-Andrews 'Zesikhumba: I-Clinical Dermatology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 36.