Xhumana nesikhumba

I-Contact dermatitis yisimo lapho isikhumba sibomvu, sibuhlungu, noma sivuvuka ngemuva kokuthintana ngqo nento ethile.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokuxhumana nedermatitis.

I-irritant dermatitis: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Akubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, kepha kunalokho ukusabela kwesikhumba ezintweni ezicasulayo noma ukungqubuzana. Izinto ezicasulayo zingabandakanya ama-acids, izinto ezinama-alkaline njengezinsipho nezinsipho, izithambisi zendwangu, izincibilikisi, noma amanye amakhemikhali. Amakhemikhali acasula kakhulu angadala ukusabela ngemuva nje kwesikhathi esifushane sokuxhumana. Amakhemikhali amabi nawo angadala ukusabela ngemuva kokuthintana okuphindaphindiwe.

Abantu abane-atopic dermatitis basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-irritant contact dermatitis.

Izinto ezivamile ezingacasula isikhumba sakho zifaka:

• Usimende
• Odayi bezinwele
• Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezincwadini ezimanzi
• Ama-pesticides noma ababulali bokhula
• Amagilavu ​​enjoloba
• AmaShampoo

I-allergen contact dermatitis: Leli fomu lalesi simo livela lapho isikhumba sakho sihlangana nento ekubangela ukuthi uthole ukungezwani komzimba.

Ama-allergen ajwayelekile afaka:

• Ama-adhesives, kufaka phakathi lawo asetshenziselwa izinkophe zamanga noma ama-toupee.
• Ama-antibiotic, njenge-neomycin akhuhlwe ebusweni besikhumba.
• Ibhalsamu lasePeru (elisetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eminingi yomuntu siqu nezimonyo, kanye nasekudleni naseziphuzweni eziningi).
• Izindwangu nezingubo, kufaka phakathi izinto zokwakha kanye nodayi.
• Amakha kumakha, izimonyo, insipho nezithambisi.
• I-Nail polish, idayi yezinwele, nezixazululo zaphakade zamagagasi
• I-Nickel noma ezinye izinsimbi (ezitholakala kubucwebe, imichilo yokubuka, iziphu zensimbi, izingwegwe zebhodisi, izinkinobho, ama-pocketknives, abaphathi bezindebe, kanye ne-powder compacts).
• I-poison ivy, i-oak enobuthi, i-sumac enobuthi nezinye izitshalo.
• Amagilavu ​​enjoloba noma e-latex noma izicathulo.
• Izinto zokuvikela ezijwayele ukusetshenziswa emithini kadokotela neyezitolo.
• IFormaldehyde, esetshenziswa enanini elibanzi lezinto ezenziwe.

Ngeke ube nokusabela entweni ethile lapho uqala ukuvezwa yilokho. Kodwa-ke, uzokwakha ukusabela ngemuva kokuvezwa okuzayo. Ungaba nokuzwela kakhudlwana futhi uhlakulele ukusabela uma uyisebenzisa njalo. Kungenzeka ukubekezelela into iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuthola ukungezwani komzimba. Uma usuqale ukungezwani komzimba uzoba neguliswa impilo yonke.

Ukusabela kuvame ukuvela emahoreni angama-24 kuye kwangama-48 ngemuva kokuvezwa. Ukuqhuma kungaqhubeka amasonto ngemuva kokuvezwa kokuvezwa.

Eminye imikhiqizo ibangela ukusabela kuphela lapho isikhumba sibuye sivezwe yilanga (photosensitivity). Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukushefa okokugcoba
• Izikrini zelanga
• Amafutha we-Sulfa
• Amanye amakha
• Imikhiqizo yetiyela lamalahle
• Amafutha avela esikhunjeni se-lime

Ama-allergen ambalwa asemoyeni, njenge-ragweed, amakha, umhwamuko ovela ku-lacquer ye-nail, noma isifutho sokubulala izinambuzane, nakho kungadala i-dermatitis yokuxhumana.

Izimpawu ziyahluka ngokuya ngesizathu nokuthi ngabe i-dermatitis ingenxa yokusabela okweqile noma okucasulayo. Umuntu ofanayo angaba nezimpawu ezihlukile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukungezwani komzimba kungavela ngokuzumayo, noma kuthuthuke ngemuva kwezinyanga noma iminyaka yokuvezwa.

Ukuxhumana nedermatitis kuvame ukuvela ezandleni. Imikhiqizo yezinwele, izimonyo, namakha kungaholela ekuziphenduleni kwesikhumba ebusweni, ekhanda nasentanyeni. Ubucwebe bungadala nezinkinga zesikhumba endaweni engaphansi kwaso.

Ukulunywa kuyisifo esivamile. Uma kwenzeka i-dermatitis ye-allergen, ukulunywa kungaba nzima.

Ungahle ube nokuqubuka okubomvu, okuchichimayo, noma okuchichimayo lapho into ithinte isikhumba. Ukusabela okweqile kuvame ukubambezeleka ukuze ukuqhuma kungabonakali kuze kube ngamahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemuva kokuvezwa.

Ukuqhuma kungahle:

• Yiba namaqhuqhuvana abomvu angahle enze amabhamuza anomswakama, okhalayo
• Zizwe ufudumele futhi uthambile
• Donsa, ukhiphe, noma uqweqwe
• Yiba ne-scaly, eluhlaza, noma uqine

I-dermatitis ebangelwa i-irritant nayo ingadala ukushisa noma ubuhlungu kanye nokushaywa. I-irritant dermatitis ivame ukukhombisa njengesikhumba esomile, esibomvu, nesimangelengele. Ukusikeka (imifantu) kungakheka ezandleni. Isikhumba singavutha ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuxilongwa kususelwe ekutheni isikhumba sibukeka kanjani futhi ngokubuza imibuzo mayelana nezinto okungenzeka uhlangane nazo.

Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba neziqeshana zesikhumba (okubizwa nge-patch testing) kungadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela ukusabela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Patch kusetshenziselwa abantu abathile abane-dermatitis yokuxhumana yesikhathi eside noma ephindaphindwayo. Kudinga okungenani ukuvakashelwa emahhovisi ama-3 futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngumhlinzeki onekhono lokuhumusha imiphumela kahle.

• Ekuhambeleni kokuqala, iziqeshana ezincane zezinto ezingezwani nomzimba zifakwa esikhunjeni. Lezi zimaki zisuswa emahoreni angama-48 kamuva ukubona ukuthi ngabe ukusabela kwenzeke yini.
• Ukuvakasha kwesithathu, cishe ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, kwenziwa ukubheka noma yikuphi ukuphendula okubambezelekile. Kwezinye izifo ezifana nezinsimbi, ukuvakasha kokugcina kungadingeka ngosuku lwe-10.
• Uma usuvele uhlolile okokusebenza endaweni encane yesikhumba sakho futhi waqaphela ukusabela, kufanele uphathe okokusebenza.

Olunye uvivinyo lungasetshenziselwa ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona, kufaka phakathi i-lesion biopsy noma isiko lesilonda sesikhumba.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa ngokususelwa kulokho okubangela inkinga. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okuhle kungenzi lutho kuleyo ndawo.

Imvamisa, ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ukugeza indawo ngamanzi amaningi ukususa iminonjana yesicasuli esisesikhumbeni. Kufanele ugweme ukuvezwa okwengeziwe kulokho ketshezi.

Ama-emollients noma ama-moisturizers asiza ukugcina isikhumba simanzi, futhi asiza nokuzilungisa isikhumba. Avikela isikhumba ekuthini sivuvuke godu. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvimbela nokwelapha i-irritant contact dermatitis.

Izidakamizwa eziphezulu ze-corticosteroid zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-dermatitis yokuxhumana.

• Isihloko sisho ukuthi uyibeka esikhunjeni. Uzonikezwa ukhilimu noma amafutha. Ama-topical corticosteroids angabizwa nangokuthi ama-topical steroids noma ama-topical cortisones.
• UNGAYisebenzisi imithi eminingi noma uyisebenzise kaningi kunokuba umhlinzeki wakho ekululeka ukuthi uyisebenzise.

Umhlinzeki wakho angaphinde anikeze amanye okhilimu noma amafutha okugcoba, afana ne-tacrolimus noma i-pimecrolimus, azowasebenzisa esikhunjeni.

Ezimweni ezinzima, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe amaphilisi e-corticosteroid. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokuqala ngomthamo omkhulu futhi umthamo wakho uzokwehliswa kancane cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-12. Ungase futhi uthole isibhamu se-corticosteroid.

Ukugqoka okumanzi nokugcoba ama-anti-itch (antipruritic) lotions kunganconywa ukunciphisa ezinye izimpawu.

Ama-topical corticosteroids kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela isikhathi esifushane. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-dermatitis yokuxhumana engacasuli.

Ukuxhumana nedermatitis kuyasuswa ngaphandle kwezinkinga emavikini amabili noma amathathu ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ingabuya uma into eyimbangela yayo ingatholakali noma igwenywe.

Ungadinga ukushintsha umsebenzi wakho noma imikhuba yomsebenzi uma ukuphazamiseka kubangelwa ukuvezwa emsebenzini. Isibonelo, imisebenzi edinga ukugeza izandla kaningi ingaba ukukhetha okungalungile kubantu abane-hand dermatitis.

Kwesinye isikhathi, i-allergen ebangela ukungezwani kokuthintana ne-dermatitis reaction ayikaze ibonwe.

Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba kwebacteria kungenzeka.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unezimpawu zokuxhumana nodermatitis.
• Ukusabela kwesikhumba kunzima.
• Awube ngcono ngemuva kokwelashwa.
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobumnene, ubomvu, imfudumalo, noma imfiva.

Dermatitis - oxhumana naye; I-allergen dermatitis; Dermatitis - iguliswa; Irritant contact dermatitis; Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba - thinta i-dermatitis

• Ukuqubuka kwesihlahla se-oki engalweni
• Ukungezwani komzimba nelatex
• Izitshalo ezinobuthi
• Dermatitis, nickel yedwa
• Dermatitis - oxhumana naye
• I-Dermatitis - ukuvalwa kokuxhumana okungezwani nakho
• Dermatitis - oxhumana naye esihlathini
• Dermatitis - pustular oxhumana naye
• Ubuthi obunobuthi emadolweni
• Ubuthi obunobuthi emlenzeni
• I-Photocontact dermatitis esandleni

UJames WD, u-Elston DM, Phatha i-JR, i-Rosenbach MA, i-IM ye-Neuhaus. Xhumana nokuqhuma kwesikhumba kanye nezidakamizwa. Ku: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. Izifo zika-Andrews 'Zesikhumba: I-Clinical Dermatology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 6.

IHabif TP. Xhumana ne-dermatitis nokuhlolwa kwe-patch. Ku: Habif TP, ed. Ukwelashwa Kwemithi Yezokwelapha. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 4.

INixon RL, Mowad CM, Amamaki JG. I-allergen contact dermatitis. Ku: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, ama-eds. Isikhumba. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 14.