Izinganekwane zesifo sikashukela namaqiniso

Isifo sikashukela yisifo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli) lapho umzimba ungeke ukwazi ukulawula inani le-glucose (ushukela) egazini. Isifo sikashukela yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Uma unesifo sikashukela, noma wazi noma ngubani onaso, ungaba nemibuzo mayelana nalesi sifo. Kunezinkoleloze eziningi ezidumile ngesifo sikashukela nokuphathwa kwaso. Nawa amanye amaqiniso okufanele wazi ngesifo sikashukela.

Inganekwane: Akekho umuntu emndenini wami onesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke ngeke ngisithole lesi sifo.

Iqiniso: Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuba nomzali noma ingane yakini enesifo sikashukela kwandisa amathuba okuthola isifo sikashukela.Eqinisweni, umlando womndeni uyingcuphe kuzo zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela nohlobo 2 sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela abanamalungu omndeni asondelene anesifo sikashukela.

Ukukhetha indlela yokuphila nezimo ezithile kungakhuphula ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• Ukuba nama-prediabetes
• Isifo se-Polycystic ovary
• Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
• Ukuba yi-Hispanic / Latino American, i-African American, i-American Indian, i-Alaska Native (abanye base-Pacific Islanders kanye nabase-Asia baseMelika nabo basengozini)
• Ukuba neminyaka engu-45 noma ngaphezulu

Ungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi ngokuhlala esisindweni esinempilo, ngokuzivocavoca izinsuku eziningi zesonto, nangokudla ukudla okunempilo.

Inganekwane: Kungenzeka ngibe nesifo sikashukela ngoba ngikhuluphele ngokweqile.

Iqiniso: Kuyiqiniso ukuthi isisindo esiningi sandisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele abakaze babe nesifo sikashukela. Futhi abantu abanesisindo esijwayelekile noma abakhuluphele kancane baba nesifo sikashukela. Ukubheja kwakho okuhle ukuthatha izinyathelo zokwehlisa ubungozi bakho ngokusebenzisa izinguquko zokudla okunempilo nomsebenzi womzimba ukunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile.

Inganekwane: Ngidla ushukela omningi, ngakho ngikhathazekile ngokuthi ngizoba nesifo sikashukela.

Iqiniso: Ukudla ushukela akubangeli isifo sikashukela. Kepha kusamele unciphise amaswidi neziphuzo ezinoshukela.

Akumangazi ukuthi abantu badideka ngokuthi ushukela uyasibangela yini isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kudideka kungavela ekutheni uma udla ukudla, kuguqulwa kube ushukela obizwa nge-glucose. I-glucose, ebizwa nangokuthi ushukela wegazi, iwumthombo wamandla emzimbeni. I-insulini ihambisa ushukela egazini iye kumaseli ukuze isetshenziselwe amandla. Ngesifo sikashukela, umzimba awenzi insulini eyanele, noma umzimba awuyisebenzisi kahle i-insulin. Ngenxa yalokho ushukela owengeziwe uhlala egazini, ngakho-ke izinga le-glucose yegazi (ushukela wegazi) liyakhuphuka.

Kubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela, inkinga enkulu ngokudla ushukela omningi nokuphuza iziphuzo ezinoshukela ngukuthi kungakwenza ukhuluphale ngokweqile. Futhi ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwandisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela.

Inganekwane: Ngatshelwa ukuthi nginesifo sikashukela, ngakho manje kuzodingeka ngidle ukudla okukhethekile.

Iqiniso: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela badla ukudla okufanayo okudliwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Eqinisweni, i-American Diabetes Association ayisaphakamisi inani elithile le-carbohydrate, amafutha, noma amaprotheni okufanele adliwe. Kepha basikisela ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela bathola ama-carbohydrate abo emifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, izithelo, nemidumba. Gwema ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, i-sodium noshukela. Lezi zincomo ziyefana nokuthi wonke umuntu kufanele ngabe udlani.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, sebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokudla olusebenza kangcono kuwe nokuthi uzokwazi ukulandela ngokungaguquguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uhlelo lokudla olunempilo nolulinganiselayo olunendlela yokuphila enempilo luzokusiza ukuphatha isifo sikashukela.

Inganekwane: Nginesifo sikashukela, ngakho angikwazi ukudla amaswidi.

Iqiniso: Amaswidi agcwele ushukela olula, okwandisa inani le-glucose egazini lakho ngaphezu kokunye ukudla. Kepha azikhawulelwe kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, inqobo nje uma ubahlelele. Kungcono ukonga amaswidi ngezikhathi ezikhethekile noma njengokwelashwa. Ungadla amanani amancane kashukela esikhundleni samanye ama-carbohydrate avame ukudliwa esidlweni. Uma uthatha i-insulini umhlinzeki wakho angakuyalela ukuthi uthathe imithamo ephezulu kunokujwayelekile lapho udla amaswidi.

Inganekwane: Udokotela wami wangifaka kwi-insulin. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angenzi umsebenzi omuhle wokuphatha ushukela wami wegazi.

Iqiniso: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kumele basebenzise i-insulin ngoba imizimba yabo ayisakhiqizi le hormone ebalulekile. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 luyaqhubeka, okusho ukuthi umzimba wenza i-insulin encane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuguquka kokudla, nemithi yomlomo kungenzeka kunganeli ukugcina ushukela wegazi lakho ulawula. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukusebenzisa i-insulin ukugcina ushukela wegazi usendaweni efanele.

Inganekwane: Akuphephile ukuzivocavoca nesifo sikashukela.

Iqiniso: Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula isifo sikashukela. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kusiza ukukhulisa ukuzwela komzimba wakho kwi-insulin. Kungasiza futhi ukwehlisa i-A1C yakho, isivivinyo esisiza ukutshela ukuthi isifo sikashukela silawulwa kanjani.

Umgomo omuhle ukukhomba okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngeviki yokuzivocavoca okulingene kuze kube namandla njengokuhamba ngamandla. Faka izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto lokuqeqeshwa kwamandla njengengxenye yesimiso sakho sokuzivocavoca umzimba. Uma ungazange usebenzise umzimba okwesikhashana, ukuhamba kuyindlela enhle yokwakha imfanelo yakho kancane.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuzivocavoca luphephile kuwe. Ngokuya ngesifo sakho sikashukela esilawulwa kahle, kuzodingeka uvikele futhi ubheke izinkinga ngamehlo akho, inhliziyo, nezinyawo. Futhi, funda ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani imithi yakho lapho uzivocavoca umzimba noma ukuthi ungalungisa kanjani umthamo wemithi ukuvimbela ushukela ophansi wegazi.

Inganekwane: Nginesifo sikashukela esisemngceleni, ngakho angidingi ukukhathazeka.

Iqiniso:I-Prediabetes yigama elisetshenziselwa labo abanamazinga kashukela egazini angekho ebangeni lesifo sikashukela kodwa aphezulu kakhulu ukuthi angabizwa ngokuthi ajwayelekile. I-Prediabetes isho ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yisifo sikashukela kungakapheli iminyaka eyishumi. Ungakwazi ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi lakho kumazinga ajwayelekile ngokwehlisa isisindo somzimba wakho nokuzivocavoca imizuzu engu-150 ngesonto.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngengozi yesifo sikashukela nokuthi yini ongayenza ukunciphisa ingozi.

Inganekwane: Ngingayeka ukuphuza imithi yesifo sikashukela uma ushukela wami wegazi usulawulwe.

Iqiniso: Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, bayakwazi ukulawula ushukela egazini labo ngaphandle kwemithi ngokunciphisa umzimba, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokuvivinya umzimba njalo. Kepha isifo sikashukela siyisifo esiqhubekela phambili, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma ngabe wenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuze uhlale uphilile, ungahle udinge umuthi wokugcina ushukela wegazi lakho lingaphakathi kobubanzi obubekiwe.

Isifo sikashukela - izinganekwane ezivamile namaqiniso; Izinganekwane namaqiniso aphezulu kashukela egazini

I-American Diabetes Association. Amazinga Wokunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Esifo Sikashukela - 2018. Ukunakekelwa yisifo sikashukela. I-2018; 41 (iSuppl 1).

IKliegman RM, iStanton BF, iSt Geme JW, iSchor NF. Isifo sikashukela. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-12. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 589.

UMarion J, uFranz MS. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela: Ukusebenza kahle, ama-macronutrients, amaphethini wokudla nokuphathwa kwesisindo. NginguJ Med Sci. 2016; 351 (4): 374-379. I-PMID: 27079343 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27079343.

I-Waller DG, iSampson AP. Isifo sikashukela. Ku: Waller DG, Sampson AP, ama-eds. I-Medical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 40.

• Isifo sikashukela