I-Truncus arteriosus

I-Truncus arteriosus uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo esingajwayelekile lapho umthambo owodwa wegazi (truncus arteriosus) uphuma khona kuma-ventricles angakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele, esikhundleni semikhumbi emi-2 ejwayelekile (umthambo wamaphaphu kanye ne-aorta). Sikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (isifo senhliziyo esizalwe naso).

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-truncus arteriosus.

Ekujikelezeni okujwayelekile, umthambo we-pulmonary uphuma ku-ventricle efanele bese i-aorta iphuma ku-ventricle wesobunxele, ohlukile komunye nomunye.

Nge-truncus arteriosus, umthambo owodwa uphuma kuma-ventricles. Kaningi kukhona imbobo enkulu phakathi kwama-ventricles ama-2 (i-ventricular septal defect). Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlanganiswa kwegazi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngaphandle kwe-oksijini) nokubomvu (okunothe oksijini).

Elinye laleli gazi elixubekile liya emaphashini, kanti elinye liya kuwo wonke umzimba. Imvamisa, igazi eliningi kunokujwayelekile ligcina liye emaphashini.

Uma lesi simo singelashwa, kuba nezinkinga ezimbili:

• Ukusakazwa kwegazi ngokweqile emaphashini kungadala uketshezi oluthe xaxa ngaphakathi nangakubo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
• Uma ishiywe ingalashwa futhi igazi eligeleza ngaphezu kwamaphaphu isikhathi eside, imithambo yegazi eya emaphashini ilimala unomphela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuba nzima kakhulu ngenhliziyo ukubaphoqa igazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-pulmonary hypertension, engabeka impilo yakho engcupheni.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Isikhumba se-Bluish (cyanosis)
• Ukukhula okubambezelekile noma ukwehluleka kokukhula
• Ukukhathala
• Imikhuba emibi
• Ukudla okungafanele
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (tachypnea)
• Ukuphefumula okuncane (i-dyspnea)
• Ukunwetshwa kwamathiphu omunwe (ukubhoboza iklabhu)

Ukububula kuvame ukuzwakala lapho ulalela inhliziyo nge-stethoscope.

Izivivinyo zifaka:

• ECG
• I-Echocardiogram
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo
• I-MRI noma i-CT scan yenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukwelapha lesi simo. Ukuhlinzwa kudala imithambo ehlukene emi-2.

Ezimweni eziningi, umkhumbi we-truncal ugcinwa njenge-aorta entsha. Umthambo omusha wamaphaphu udalwa kusetshenziswa izicubu ezivela komunye umthombo noma kusetshenziswa ithubhu elenziwe ngabantu. Imithambo yegazi yamaphaphu yamaphaphu ithungelwe kulo mthambo omusha. Umgodi ophakathi kwama-ventricles uvaliwe.

Ukulungiswa okuphelele kaningi kunikeza imiphumela emihle. Enye inqubo ingadingeka lapho ingane ikhula, ngoba umthambo wamaphaphu owakhiwe kabusha osebenzisa izicubu zomunye umthombo ngeke ukhule nengane.

Amacala angalashwa we-truncus arteriosus aholela ekufeni, imvamisa ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini (umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu)

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma usana lwakho noma ingane yakho:

• Kubonakala kuxega amandla
• Kubonakala sengathi ukhathele ngokweqile noma uphefumula kancane
• Ayidli kahle
• Kubonakala sengathi ayikhuli noma ikhula ngokujwayelekile

Uma isikhumba, izindebe, noma imibhede yezipikili ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma uma kubonakala sengathi ingane iphefumula kancane, yisa ingane egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma ingane ihlolwe ngokushesha.

Akukho ukuvimbela okwaziwayo. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Isiqu

• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yezingane - ukukhishwa

• Inhliziyo - isigaba phakathi nendawo
• I-Truncus arteriosus

I-Fraser CD, uKane LC. Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa: Isisekelo Sebhayoloji Sokuzijwayeza Kwamanje Kokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 58.

I-Webb GD, iSmallhorn JF, uTherrien J, uRedington AN. Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso esigulini esidala nesingane. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 75.