I-hyperthermia ebulalayo

I-Malignant hyperthermia (MH) yisifo esibangela ukukhuphuka okusheshayo ekushiseni komzimba nokuqina kwemisipha lapho umuntu one-MH ethola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. I-MH idluliselwa ngemindeni.

I-Hyperthermia isho ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu. Lesi simo asifani ne-hyperthermia evela ezimeni eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha njengokushiswa ukushisa noma ukutheleleka.

UMH uzuzwe njengefa. Munye kuphela umzali okufanele aphathe lesi sifo ukuze ingane ithole lesi simo.

Kungenzeka nezinye izifo zemisipha ezizuzwe njengefa, njenge-multiminicore myopathy kanye nesifo esiyisisekelo esimaphakathi.

Izimpawu ze-MH zifaka:

• Ukopha
• Umchamo onsundu onsundu (ngenxa yeprotheyini yemisipha ebizwa nge-myoglobin emchameni)
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala, njengokuvivinya umzimba noma ukulimala
• Ukuqina kwemisipha nokuqina
• Khuphuka ekushiseni komzimba kufike ku-105 ° F (40.6 ° C) noma ngaphezulu

I-MH ivame ukutholakala ngemuva kokuthi umuntu anikezwe i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Kungaba nomlando womndeni we-MH noma ukufa okungaqondakali ngesikhathi se-anesthesia.

Umuntu angaba nesilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo futhi esivame ukungajwayelekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MH kungafaka:

• Izifundo zokuvala igazi (PT, noma isikhathi seprothrombin; i-PTT, noma isikhathi esinqunyelwe se-thromboplastin)
• Iphaneli lekhemistri yegazi, kufaka phakathi i-CK (creatinine kinase, ephezulu egazini lapho imisipha ibhujiswa ngesikhathi sokugula)
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukubheka ukukhubazeka kuzakhi zofuzo ezixhumene nalesi sifo
• Imisipha biopsy
• I-myoglobin yomchamo (amaprotheni emisipha)

Ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-MH, umuthi obizwa nge-dantrolene uvame ukunikezwa. Ukugoqa umuntu ngengubo yokupholisa kungasiza ekwehliseni umkhuhlane kanye nengozi yezinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukulondoloza ukusebenza kwezinso ngesikhathi sesiqephu, umuntu angathola uketshezi ngomthambo.

Lezi zinsizakusebenza zinganikeza imininingwane eminingi nge-MH:

• I-Malignant Hyperthermia Association yase-United States - www.mhaus.org
• Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yezinkinga Ezingajwayelekile - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/malignant-hyperthermia
• Isethenjwa Sasekhaya se-NIH - ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/malignant-hyperthermia

Iziqephu eziphindaphindwayo noma ezingalashwa zingadala ukwehluleka kwezinso. Iziqephu ezingalashwa zingaba yingozi.

Lezi zinkinga ezinkulu zingenzeka:

• Ukunqunywa
• Ukuwohloka kwezicubu zemisipha
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo nezinkinga ngokugeleza kwegazi nokusebenza kwe-nerve (compartment syndrome)
• Ukufa
• Ukuqina kwegazi okungajwayelekile nokopha
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Ukwakhiwa kwe-asidi emzimbeni wamanzi (i-metabolic acidosis)
• Ukwakhela uketshezi emaphashini
• Imisipha ebuthakathaka noma ekhubazekile (i-myopathy noma i-muscular dystrophy)

Uma udinga ukuhlinzwa, tshela bobabili udokotela ohlinzayo nodokotela obulala izinzwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa uma:

• Uyazi ukuthi wena noma ilunga lomndeni wakho nibe nezinkinga nge-anesthesia ejwayelekile
• Uyazi ukuthi unomlando womndeni we-MH

Ukusebenzisa imithi ethile kungavimbela izinkinga ze-MH ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nge-anesthesia ejwayelekile, uma wena noma omunye emndenini wakho une-MH.

Gwema izidakamizwa ezivuselelayo ezifana ne-cocaine, i-amphetamine (isivinini), ne-ecstasy. Le mithi ingadala izinkinga ezifana ne-MH kubantu abajwayele lesi simo.

Ukwelulekwa ngofuzo kunconyelwa noma ngubani onomlando womndeni we-myopathy, muscular dystrophy, noma i-MH.

Hyperthermia - ebulalayo; I-Hyperpyrexia - ebulalayo; MH

I-American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. Ukulungela ukwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa okubucayi kwe-hyperthermia: isitatimende sesikhundla. www.aana.com/docs/default-source/practice-aana-com-web-documents-(all)/malignant-hyperthermia-crisis-preparedness-and-treatment.pdf?sfvrsn=630049b1_8. Kubuyekezwe u-Ephreli 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoMeyi 6, 2019.

I-Kulaylat MN, iDayton MT. Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 12.

UZhou J, Bose D, Allen PD, Pessah IN. I-hyperthermia emibi kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nemisipha. Ku: Miller RD, ed. I-Anesthesia kaMiller. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 43.