ISyphus

I-Typhus yisifo se-bacterial esisakazwa yizintwala noma amafuza.

I-Typhus ibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-bacteria: URickettsia typhi noma URickettsia prowazekii.

URickettsia typhi kubangela i-typhus endemic noma i-murine.

• I-typemic typhus ayivamile e-United States. Kuvamise ukubonakala ezindaweni lapho inhlanzeko ingekho khona, kanti namazinga okushisa ayabanda. I-typhus endemic kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa nge- "jail fever." Amagciwane abangela lolu hlobo lwe-typhus imvamisa asakazeka esuka kumagundane aye kumazeze aye kubantu.
• I-Murine typhus yenzeka eningizimu ye-United States, ikakhulukazi eCalifornia naseTexas. Kuvame ukubonwa ngesikhathi sasehlobo nasekwindla. Akuvamile ukubulala. Usethubeni lokuthola lolu hlobo lwe-typhus uma useduze kwendle yamagundane noma amafuza, nezinye izilwane ezinjengamakati, ama-possum, ama-raccoon, kanye nezimbila zithutha.

URickettsia prowazekii kubangela ubhubhane i-typhus. Isakazwa yizintwala.

Isifo seBrill-Zinsser siyindlela emnene yesifo esiwubhubhane. Kwenzeka lapho amabhaktheriya eqala ukusebenza kumuntu owatheleleka ngaphambilini. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile.

Izimpawu ze-murine noma i-typemic typhus zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Ubuhlungu beqolo
• Ukuqubuka okubomvu okufiphele okuqala phakathi komzimba kusabalale
• Umkhuhlane, ungaba phezulu kakhulu, u-105 ° F uye ku-106 ° F (40.6 ° C kuye ku-41.1 ° C), ongahlala amasonto amabili
• Ukugenca, ukukhwehlela okomile
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobomzimba
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Izimpawu zesifo sofuba zingafaka:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu, amakhaza
• Ukudideka, ukwehla kokuqapha, i-delirium
• Khwehlela
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bemisipha namalunga
• Izibani ezibonakala zikhanya kakhulu; ukukhanya kungalimaza amehlo
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• Ukuqhuma okuqala esifubeni bese kusakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba (ngaphandle kwezintende zezandla namathe ezinyawo)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu

Ukuqhuma kokuqala umbala okhanyayo we-rose futhi uyaphela lapho ucindezela kuwo. Kamuva, ukuqubuka kuba buthuntu futhi kube bomvu futhi akupheli. Abantu abane-typhus enamandla bangaphinde bahlakulele izindawo ezincane zokopha esikhunjeni.

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukususelwa ekuhlolweni komzimba kanye nemininingwane eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu. Ungabuzwa ukuthi uyakhumbula yini ukuthi ulunywa ngamazeze. Uma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo esola i-typhus, uzoqaliswa ngemithi khona lapho. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzoyalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukwelashwa kufaka phakathi ama-antibiotic alandelayo:

• I-Doxycycline
• I-Tetracycline
• I-chloramphenicol (engandile kakhulu)

I-Tetracycline ethathwe ngomlomo ingangcolisa unomphela amazinyo asakhiwa. Imvamisa ayinqunyelwe izingane kuze kube yilapho onke amazinyo azo angunaphakade esekhulile.

Abantu abane-typhus yobhubhane bangadinga i-oxygen namanzi (IV).

Abantu abane-typhus yobhubhane abathola ukwelashwa ngokushesha kufanele balulame ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ukufa kungenzeka, ngalabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 abanengozi enkulu yokufa.

Bambalwa kuphela abantu abangalashiwe abane-murine typhus abangafa. Ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic okusheshayo kuzokwelapha cishe bonke abantu abane-murine typhus.

I-Typhus ingadala lezi zinkinga:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso (izinso azikwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile)
• Inyumoniya
• Ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa eziphakathi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uba nezimpawu ze-typhus. Lesi sifo esibi singadinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Gwema ukuba sezindaweni lapho ungahlangabezana khona namazeze noma izintwala. Ukukhucululwa kwendle okuhle kanye nezinyathelo zezempilo zomphakathi kwehlisa inani lama rat.

Izindlela zokuqeda izintwala lapho kutholakala ukutheleleka zifaka:

• Ukugeza
• Izingubo zokubilisa noma ukugwema izingubo ezinokugcwala okungenani izinsuku ezi-5 (izintwala zizofa ngaphandle kokudla igazi)
• Usebenzisa izinambuzane (10% DDT, 1% malathion, noma 1% permethrin)

I-Murine typhus; Umqedazwe typhus; I-typhus yesifo se-Endemic; Isifo seBrill-Zinsser; Umkhuhlane wejele

IBlanton LS, iDumler JS, i-Walker DH. URickettsia typhi (i-murine typhus). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 192.

IBlanton LS, i-Walker DH. URickettsia prowazekii (isifo esiwumqedazwe noma isifo esithwalwa izintwala). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 191.

Raoult D. Ukutheleleka nge-Rickettsial. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 327.