I-Parainfluenza

I-Parainfluenza ibhekisa eqenjini lamagciwane aholela ezifweni zokuphefumula eziphezulu nezingaphansi.

Kunezinhlobo ezine zegciwane le-parainfluenza. Zonke zingadala ukutheleleka okuphansi noma okuphezulu kokuphefumula kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Igciwane lingadala i-croup, bronchiolitis, bronchitis nezinhlobo ezithile ze-pneumonia.

Inani eliqondile lamacala eparainfluenza alaziwa. Kusolwa ukuthi isibalo siphezulu kakhulu. Izifo zivame kakhulu ekwindla nasebusika. Ukutheleleka kweParainfluenza kubi kakhulu ezinganeni futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ngeminyaka. Ngesikhathi seminyaka yokufunda, izingane eziningi sezivezwe yigciwane le-parainfluenza. Iningi labantu abadala linamasosha omzimba alwa ne-parainfluenza, yize engathola izifo eziphindaphindayo.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokutheleleka. Izimpawu ezinjengokubanda eziqukethe ikhala eligobayo nokukhwehlela okuncane zivamile. Izimpawu zokuphefumula ezisongela impilo zingabonakala ezinganeni ezisencane ezine-bronchiolitis nalabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Imfiva
• Impumulo egijimayo noma egcwele
• Ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuphefumula
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukugoqa

Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kungakhombisa ukuthamba kwesono, izindlala ezivuvukile, nomphimbo obomvu. Umhlinzeki wezempilo uzolalela amaphaphu nesifuba nge-stethoscope. Kungase kuzwakale imisindo engajwayelekile, njengokuqhekeza noma ukuvunguzela.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Imithambo yegazi yegazi
• Amasiko egazi (ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela ze-pneumonia)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Swab ekhaleni lokuhlolwa kwegciwane ngokushesha

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ukwelashwa okuthile kuyatholakala ngezimpawu ze-croup ne-bronchiolitis ukwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.

Ukutheleleka okuningi kubantu abadala nasezinganeni ezindala kumnene futhi ukululama kwenzeka ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ngaphandle kwalapho umuntu esemdala kakhulu noma enamasosha omzimba angajwayelekile. Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kungadingeka uma kuvela ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Ukutheleleka kwegciwane lesibili yinkinga ejwayelekile kakhulu. Ukuvinjelwa komoya ku-croup ne-bronchiolitis kungaba nzima futhi kusongele nokuphila, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Wena noma ingane yakho niba ne-croup, isifuba, noma olunye uhlobo lobunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-18 iba nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sokuphefumula.

Ayikho imishanguzo etholakalayo ye-parainfluenza. Izinyathelo ezimbalwa zokuvimbela ezingasiza zifaka:

• Gwema izixuku ukunciphisa ukuvezwa ngesikhathi sokuqubuka okuphezulu.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo.
• Nciphisa ukuvezwa kwezikhungo zokunakekela izingane nasemini, uma kungenzeka.

Igciwane le-parainfluenza yomuntu; Ama-HPIV

I-Ison MG. Amagciwane eparainfluenza. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 156.

I-Weinberg GA, i-Edwards KM. Isifo segciwane le-Parainfluenza. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 339.

I-Welliver Sr RC. Amagciwane eparainfluenza. Ku: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaFeigin neCherry's Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 179.