Ukuphazamiseka kokufunda okuthuthukayo

Ukukhubazeka kokufunda okuthuthukayo ukukhubazeka kokufunda okwenzeka lapho ubuchopho bungaboni kahle futhi buqhubekisa izimpawu ezithile.

Kubizwa nangokuthi i-dyslexia.

Ukuthuthuka kokufunda (i-DRD) noma i-dyslexia kwenzeka lapho kunenkinga ezindaweni zobuchopho ezisiza ukutolika ulimi. Akubangelwa izinkinga zokubona. Lesi sifo siyinkinga yokucubungula imininingwane. Akuphazamisi ikhono lokucabanga. Iningi labantu abane-DRD linobuhlakani obujwayelekile noma ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso.

I-DRD ingavela nezinye izinkinga. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuthuthuka kokubhala kokuthuthuka kanye nentuthuko ye-arithmetic disorder.

Isimo sivame ukusebenza emindenini.

Umuntu oneDRD angaba nenkinga yokuvumelanisa imisindo nokuhlukanisa imisindo eyakha amagama akhulunywayo. Lawa makghono athinta ukufunda ukufunda. Amakhono okufunda okuqala engane asuselwa ekuqaphelisweni kwamagama. Lokho kufaka ukukwazi ukuhlukanisa imisindo ngamagama bese uyiqhathanisa nezinhlamvu namaqembu ezinhlamvu.

Abantu abaneDRD banenkinga yokuxhumanisa imisindo yolimi nezinhlamvu zamagama. Lokhu kungadala nezinkinga ekuqondeni imisho.

I-dyslexia yangempela ibanzi kakhulu kunokumane udideke noma udlulise izinhlamvu. Isibonelo, ukwenza iphutha u "b" kanye no "d."

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-DRD zingafaka izinkinga nge:

• Ukunquma incazelo yomusho olula
• Ukufunda ukubona amagama abhaliwe
• Amagama anemvumelwano

Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlinzeki wezempilo anqande ezinye izimbangela zokukhubazeka ekufundeni nasekufundeni, njenge:

• Izinkinga ezingokomzwelo
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Izifo zobuchopho
• Izici ezithile zamasiko nezemfundo

Ngaphambi kokuthola i-DRD, umhlinzeki uzo:

• Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa.
• Buza imibuzo mayelana nokusebenza komuntu, intuthuko, kanye nokusebenza kwesikole.
• Buza ukuthi ngabe omunye umuntu emndenini une-dyslexia.

Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo nokuhlolwa kwengqondo kungenziwa.

Indlela ehlukile iyadingeka kumuntu ngamunye one-DRD. Uhlelo lwemfundo lomuntu ngamunye kufanele lubhekelwe ingane ngayinye enalesi sifo.

Kungalandelwa okulandelayo:

• Usizo lokufunda olwengeziwe, olubizwa ngemiyalo yokulungisa
• Okuyimfihlo, ukufundiswa komuntu ngamunye
• Amakilasi wosuku olukhethekile

Ukuqiniswa okuhle kubalulekile. Abafundi abaningi abanokukhubazeka kokufunda abanakho ukuzethemba. Ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo kungasiza.

Usizo olukhethekile (olubizwa ngemiyalo yokulungisa) lungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukufunda nokuqonda.

I-DRD ingaholela ku:

• Izinkinga esikoleni, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zokuziphatha
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba
• Izinkinga zokufunda eziqhubekayo
• Izinkinga ngokusebenza komsebenzi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ingane yakho ibonakala inenkinga yokufunda ukufunda.

Izinkinga zokufunda zivame ukusebenza emindenini. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela nokuqaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso. Ngokushesha lapho kutholakala lesi sifo, umphumela uba ngcono kakhulu.

I-dyslexia

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ULawton AW, uWANG WAMI. Izilonda zemigwaqo ye-retrochiasmal, umsebenzi ophakeme we-cortical, kanye nokulahleka kokubukwa okungekho emthethweni. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 9.13.

UNass R, Sidhu R, Ross G. Autism nokunye ukukhubazeka kokuthuthuka. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 90.