Izidakamizwa Zikahlangothi

-Delile

• Zisebenza kanjani izidakamizwa zohlangothi
• Ama-anticoagulants
• Izidakamizwa ze-antiplatelet
• Isishoshovu se-Tissue plasminogen (tPA)
• Izitatimende
• Izidakamizwa zomfutho wegazi
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukuqonda isifo sohlangothi

Ukushaywa unhlangothi ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kobuchopho okubangelwa ukungabi khona kwegazi eliya ebuchosheni.

Unhlangothi omncane ubizwa ngokuthi yi-ministroke, noma i-tricent ischemic attack (TIA). Kwenzeka lapho ihlule legazi livimba okwesikhashana ukugeleza kwegazi liye ebuchosheni.

Zisebenza kanjani izidakamizwa zohlangothi

Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa unhlangothi ngokuvamile zisebenza ngezindlela ezihlukile.

Eminye imishanguzo yesifo sohlangothi iqhekeza amahlule egazi akhona. Abanye basiza ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ekwakhiweni kwemithambo yegazi lakho. Abanye basebenzela ukulungisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme namazinga e-cholesterol ukusiza ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi.

Isidakamizwa udokotela wakho akushoyo sizoya ngohlobo lwesifo sohlangothi obukade unaso nembangela yaso. Izidakamizwa zestroke zingasetshenziswa futhi ukusiza ukuvimbela unhlangothi wesibili kubantu asebevele benaso.

Ama-anticoagulants

Ama-anticoagulants yizidakamizwa ezisiza ukugcina igazi lakho linganqeni kalula. Lokhu bakwenza ngokuphazamisa inqubo yokuvala igazi. Ama-Anticoagulants asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela isifo se-ischemic (uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lohlangothi) ne-ministroke.

I-anticoagulant warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven) isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ekwakheni noma ukuvimbela amahlule akhona ukuba abe makhulu. Kuvame ukunikezwa abantu abanezivalo zenhliziyo zokufakelwa noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma abantu abaye bahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

IWarfarin ibuye yaxhunyaniswa nokusongela impilo, ukopha ngokweqile. Tshela udokotela wakho uma unenkinga yokopha noma uke wopha ngokweqile. Udokotela wakho cishe uzocabangela omunye umuthi.

Izidakamizwa ze-antiplatelet

Ama-antiplatelets anjenge-clopidogrel (i-Plavix) angasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuvimbela amahlule egazi. Zisebenza ngokwenza ukuthi kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi amaplatelets egazini lakho anamathele ndawonye, ​​okuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekwakheni amahlule egazi.

Kwesinye isikhathi kunqunywa kubantu abake baba nokushaywa yischemic noma isifo senhliziyo. Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzobahambisa njalo isikhathi eside njengendlela yokuvimbela isifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.

I-antiplatelet aspirin ihlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yokopha. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwelashwa kwe-aspirin akuyona inketho ngaso sonke isikhathi kubantu abangenawo umlando wangaphambilini wesifo senhliziyo senhliziyo (isb., Isifo sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo).

I-Aspirin kufanele isetshenziselwe kuphela ukuvimbela okuyinhloko isifo se-atherosclerotic senhliziyo kubantu:

• basengozini enkulu yokushaywa unhlangothi, isifo senhliziyo, noma ezinye izinhlobo zesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi
• basengozini ephansi yokopha

Isishoshovu se-Tissue plasminogen (tPA)

I-activator ye-Tissue plasminogen (tPA) ukuphela kwesidakamizwa sohlangothi esiqhekeza igazi. Isetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okuphuthumayo okuvamile ngesikhathi sohlangothi.

Ngalokhu kwelashwa, i-tPA ijojowe emthanjeni ukuze ifike egazini ngokushesha.

I-tPA ayisetshenziselwa wonke umuntu. Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokopha ebuchosheni babo abanikezwa i-tPA.

Izitatimende

Izitatimende zisiza ukwehlisa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Lapho amazinga akho e-cholesterol ephakeme kakhulu, i-cholesterol ingaqala ukwakha eduze kwezindonga zemithambo yakho. Lokhu kwakha kubizwa ngokuthi i-plaque.

Le mithi ivimba i-HMG-CoA reductase, i-enzyme edinga umzimba wakho ukwenza i-cholesterol. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba wakho wenza okuncane kuwo. Lokhu kusiza ekwehliseni ubungozi boqwembe futhi kuvimbele ama-ministrokes nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo okubangelwa yimithambo evalekile.

Izitatimende ezithengiswa e-United States zifaka:

• i-atorvastatin (Lipitor)
• i-fluvastatin (Lescol)
• i-lovastatin (Altoprev)
• i-pitavastatin (Livalo)
• i-pravastatin (Pravachol)
• i-rosuvastatin (Crestor)
• i-simvastatin (Zocor)

Izidakamizwa zomfutho wegazi

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza nemithi yokusiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ungadlala indima enkulu ekushayweni unhlangothi. Kungaba nomthelela ezinqeni zokuqhekeka koqwembe, okungaholela ekwakhekeni kwegazi.

Izidakamizwa zengcindezi yegazi ezisetshenziselwa lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha zifaka:

• ama-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• beta-blocker
• abavimba isiteshi se-calcium

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi zingasiza ekwelapheni noma ekuvimbeleni isifo sohlangothi. Abanye basiza ukuvimbela amahlule egazi ngokugxambukela ngqo endleleni amahlwili akha ngayo. Abanye baphatha ezinye izimo ezingaholela ekushayweni unhlangothi. I-tPA isiza ukuncibilika amahlule ngemuva kokuba isivele yakha emithanjeni yakho yegazi.

Uma usengozini yokushaywa unhlangothi, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Kungenzeka ukuthi eyodwa yale mithi ingaba yindlela yokukusiza ukuphatha leyo ngozi.