I-patent ductus arteriosus

I-Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) yisimo lapho i-ductus arteriosus ingavali khona. Igama "patent" lisho ukuvula.

I-ductus arteriosus yisitsha segazi esivumela igazi ukuba lizungeze amaphaphu engane ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ngokushesha nje emva kokuba usana luzelwe futhi amaphaphu egcwele umoya, i-ductus arteriosus ayisadingeki. Kuvame ukuvalwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa. Uma umkhumbi ungavali, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-PDA.

I-PDA iholela ekugelezeni kwegazi okungajwayelekile phakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu emibili ethwala igazi lisuke enhliziyweni liye emaphashini nakuwo wonke umzimba.

I-PDA ivame kakhulu emantombazaneni kunabafana. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi nalabo abanesifo sokucindezeleka sokuphefumula. Izinsana ezinezinkinga zofuzo, njenge-Down syndrome, noma izingane ezinomama abane-rubella ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zisengozini enkulu ye-PDA.

I-PDA ijwayelekile ezinganeni ezinezinkinga zenhliziyo ezelwe, njenge-hypoplastic left heart syndrome, ukuguqulwa kwemikhumbi emikhulu, kanye ne-pulmonary stenosis.

I-PDA encane kungenzeka ingabangeli zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinsana zingaba nezimpawu ezifana nokuthi:

• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Imikhuba emibi yokudla
• Ukushaya ngamandla okusheshayo
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukujuluka ngenkathi udla
• Ukukhathala kalula
• Ukukhula okubi

Izingane ezine-PDA zivame ukububula kwenhliziyo okungazwakala nge-stethoscope. Kodwa-ke, ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukukhononda kwenhliziyo kungazwakala. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angasola lesi simo uma usana lunenkinga yokuphefumula noma yokondla ngemuva nje kokuzalwa.

Izinguquko zingabonakala kuma-x-ray esifubeni. Ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa nge-echocardiogram.

Kwesinye isikhathi, i-PDA encane kungenzeka ingatholakali kuze kube kamuva ebuntwaneni.

Uma kungekho okunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okukhona, imvamisa inhloso yokwelashwa ukuvala i-PDA. Uma ingane inezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo noma ukukhubazeka, ukugcina i-ductus arteriosus ivulekile kungasindisa impilo. Imithi ingasetshenziswa ukuyivimba ingavali.

Kwesinye isikhathi, i-PDA ingavala yodwa. Ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuvame ukuvalwa eminyakeni emibili yokuqala yokuphila. Ezinsaneni zesikhathi esigcwele, i-PDA ehlala ivulekile ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala akuvamile ukuba izivalele yodwa.

Lapho kudingeka ukwelashwa, imithi efana ne-indomethacin noma ibuprofen imvamisa kuyindlela yokuqala ongakhetha ngayo. Imithi ingasebenza kahle kakhulu ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, enemiphumela emibi embalwa. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini kunamathuba amaningi okuthi uphumelele.

Uma lezi zinyathelo zingasebenzi noma zingenakusetshenziswa, ingane ingadinga ukuthi ibe nenqubo yokwelashwa.

Ukuvalwa kwedivayisi ye-transcatheter kuyinqubo esebenzisa ishubhu elincane, elingenalutho elifakwa emthanjeni wegazi. Udokotela udlulisa ikhoyili yensimbi encane noma enye into evimba nge-catheter eya endaweni ye-PDA. Lokhu kuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi emkhunjini. La makhoyili angasiza ingane ukuthi igweme ukuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma inqubo ye-catheter ingasebenzi noma ingenakusetshenziswa ngenxa yobukhulu bengane noma ezinye izizathu. Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukusika okuncane phakathi kwezimbambo ukulungisa i-PDA.

Uma i-PDA encane ihlala ivulekile, ingane ingagcina ihlakulela izimpawu zenhliziyo. Izingane ezine-PDA enkulu zingaba nezinkinga zenhliziyo njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni yamaphaphu, noma ukutheleleka kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo uma i-PDA ingavali.

Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala ngumhlinzeki ohlola usana lwakho. Izinkinga zokuphefumula nokondla enganeni kwesinye isikhathi kungabangelwa yi-PDA engatholakalanga.

I-PDA

• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yezingane - ukukhishwa

• Inhliziyo - isigaba phakathi nendawo
• I-Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA) - uchungechunge

I-Fraser CD, uKane LC. Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa: Isisekelo Sebhayoloji Sokuzijwayeza Kwamanje Kokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 58.

I-Webb GD, iSmallhorn JF, uTherrien J, uRedington AN. Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso esigulini esidala nesingane. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 75.