Umsebenzi Wokusiza Odokotela (PA)

UMLANDO WOKUSEBENZA

Uhlelo lokuqeqesha lokuqala lwe-Physician Assistant (PA) lwasungulwa e1965 eDuke University nguDkt.Eugene Stead.

Izinhlelo zidinga ukuthi abafakizicelo babe neziqu ze-bachelor. Abafakizicelo nabo badinga ulwazi oluthile esimweni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo, njengochwepheshe wezokwelapha ophuthumayo, isisebenzi se-ambulensi, uthisha wezempilo, umhlengikazi osebenzayo onelayisensi, noma umhlengikazi ozihlanganisa naye. Umfundi ojwayelekile we-PA uneziqu ze-bachelor emkhakheni othile futhi cishe iminyaka eyi-4 yolwazi oluhlobene nempilo. Izinhlelo zokufundisa zama-PA zivame ukuhlotshaniswa namakholeji ezokwelapha. Zihluka ukusuka ezinyangeni ezingama-25 kuye kwezingu-27 ngobude. Izinhlelo zinikeza iziqu ze-master ekuqedeni.

Abafundi bokuqala be-PA iningi labo kwakuyimithi yezempi. Bakwazi ukwandisa ulwazi kanye nesipiliyoni abasitholile embuthweni wezempi ukuze badlale indima ekunakekelweni okuyisisekelo. Indima yomsizi wodokotela ivumele ama-PAs ukuthi enze imisebenzi ngaphambilini eyayenziwa kuphela odokotela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthatha umlando, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukuxilongwa, nokuphathwa kweziguli.

Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabona ukuthi ama-PA anganikeza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, okuqhathaniswa nokwakudokotela, cishe izimo ezingama-80% ezibonakala kuzilungiselelo zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo.

UKULINGANISWA KOKWENZA

Umsizi wodokotela uzilungiselele, kokubili ezifundweni nasemtholampilo, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphansi kokuqondiswa nokuqondiswa kukadokotela wezokwelapha (MD) noma udokotela we-osteopathic medicine (DO). Imisebenzi ye-PA ifaka phakathi imisebenzi yokuxilonga, yokwelapha, yokuvimbela neyokunakekela impilo.

Ama-PAs kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50, iWashington, D.C., naseGuam anamalungelo wokuzijwayeza abekiwe. Abanye abasizi bodokotela kungenzeka bangatholi imbuyiselo eqondile yomuntu wesithathu (umshuwalense) ngezinsizakalo zabo, kepha izinsizakalo zabo zikhokhiswa ngudokotela noma umqashi wabo oqondisayo.

IZILUNGISELELO ZOKWENZA

Ama-PAs asebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ezikhethekile zezokwelapha nezokuhlinzwa. Iningi lisebenza ezindaweni zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, kufaka phakathi ukuzijwayeza komndeni. Ezinye izindawo ezijwayele ukwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okuvamile, amakhono okuhlinzwa, nemithi yezimo eziphuthumayo. Bonke abanye bayabandakanyeka ekufundiseni, ocwaningweni, ekuphatheni, noma kwezinye izindima ezingezona ezokuziphatha.

Ama-PAs angahle asebenze kunoma yisiphi isimo lapho udokotela ahlinzeka khona. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bagxilise amakhono abo nolwazi lwabo ngendlela ephumelela ngokwengeziwe. Ama-PAs asebenza emiphakathini yasemaphandleni neyangaphakathi. Amandla kanye nokuzimisela kwama-PAs okusebenza ezindaweni zasemakhaya kuthuthukise ukusatshalaliswa kwabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kubantu bonke.

UKULAWULWA KOKUQHUBEKA

Njengeminye imisebenzi eminingi, abasizi bodokotela balawulwa emazingeni amabili ahlukene. Banamalayisense ezingeni likahulumeni ngokusho kwemithetho ethile yezwe. Izitifiketi zisungulwa ngenhlangano kazwelonke. Izidingo zamazinga wokuzijwayeza aphansi ziyafana kuzo zonke izifundazwe.

Ilayisense: Imithetho ethize enikezwe ilayisense le-PA ingahluka ngandlela thile ezifundazweni. Kodwa-ke, cishe zonke izifunda zidinga isitifiketi sikazwelonke ngaphambi kwelayisense.

Yonke imithetho yezwe idinga ukuthi ama-PA abe nodokotela oqondisayo. Lo dokotela akudingeki ukuthi abe esizeni endaweni efanayo ne-PA. Izifundazwe eziningi zivumela ukugadwa ngodokotela ngokuxhumana ngocingo ngokuvakashelwa kwesiza ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukwengamela odokotela nama-PA kuvame ukuba nohlelo lokuzijwayeza nokugada, futhi kwesinye isikhathi lolu hlelo lufakwa kuma-ejensi wombuso.

Isitifiketi: Ezigabeni zokuqala zomsebenzi, i-AAPA (American Association of Physician Assistants) yajoyina i-AMA (American Medical Association) kanye neBhodi Kazwelonke Labahloli Bezokwelapha ukuthuthukisa ukuhlolwa kwezwe lonke.

Ngo-1975, kwasungulwa inhlangano ezimele, iNational Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, eyasungula uhlelo lwezitifiketi. Lolu hlelo lubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwezinga lokungena, ukuqhubeka nemfundo yezokwelapha, kanye nokuhlolwa kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kwenziwe kabusha. Abasizi bodokotela kuphela abaphothule izinhlelo ezivunyelwe futhi abaqede futhi basigcina leso sitifiketi abangasebenzisa iziqinisekiso ze-PA-C (eziqinisekisiwe).

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane, vakashela iAmerican Academy of Physician Assistants - www.aapa.org noma iNational Commission of Certification of Physician Assistants - www.nccpa.net.

• Izinhlobo zabahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwempilo

IBallweg R. Umlando wobungcweti nezitayela zamanje. Ku: Ballweg R, Brown D, Vetrosky DT, Ritsema TS, eds. Umsizi Wodokotela: Umhlahlandlela Wokwenza Okusemtholampilo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 2.

UGoldgar C, uCrouse D, uMorton-Rias D. Ikhwalithi yokuqinisekisa yabasizi bodokotela: ukugunyazwa, ukunikwa isitifiketi, ukunikezwa amalayisense, kanye nelungelo. Ku: Ballweg R, Brown D, Vetrosky DT, Ritsema TS, eds. Umsizi Wodokotela: Umhlahlandlela Wokwenza Okusemtholampilo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 6.