Izingozi zempilo yenkulisa

Izingane ezisezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zithole ukutheleleka kunezingane ezingayi enkulisa. Izingane eziya enkulisa ngokuvamile zizungeze ezinye izingane ezingase zigule. Kodwa-ke, ukuba seduze kwenani elikhulu lamagciwane enkulisa kungahle kuthuthukise amasosha omzimba wengane yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukutheleleka kusakazeka kakhulu ngezingane ezifaka amathoyizi angcolile emlonyeni wazo. Ngakho-ke, hlola izindlela zokuhlanza ukunakekelwa kwenkulisa yakho. Fundisa ingane yakho ukugeza izandla ngaphambi kokudla nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Gcina izingane zakho ekhaya uma zigula.

UKUTHELELEKA NAMAGUGU

Uhudo kanye ne-gastroenteritis kuvamile ezindaweni zokunakekela izingane. Lezi zifo zibangela ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, noma kokubili.

• Ukutheleleka kusakazeka kalula kusuka enganeni kuye enganeni noma kusuka kumnakekeli kuye enganeni. Kujwayelekile ezinganeni ngoba mancane amathuba okuthi zigeze izandla ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
• Izingane ezihambela ukunakekelwa kwasemini nazo zingathola i-giardiasis, ebangelwa i-parasite. Lokhu kutheleleka kubanga isifo sohudo, isisu, kanye negesi.

Ukutheleleka ezindlebeni, imikhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, namakhala agijimayo kuvamile kuzo zonke izingane, ikakhulukazi enkulisa.

Izingane ezihambela ukunakekelwa kwasemini zisengozini yokuthola i-hepatitis A. I-Hepatitis A ukucasuka nokuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala) kwesibindi okubangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis A.

• Isatshalaliswa ukungagezwa kahle izandla noma ukungayihlanza izandla ngemuva kokuya endlini yangasese noma ukushintsha inabukeni, bese ulungisa ukudla.
• Ngaphezu kokugeza izandla, abasebenzi bokunakekela izingane kanye nezingane kufanele bathole umuthi wokugomela i-hepatitis A.

Ukutheleleka ngezimbungulu, njengezintwala ekhanda notwayi ngezinye zezinkinga ezivamile zezempilo ezenzeka ezindaweni zokunakekela izingane.

Ungenza izinto eziningi ukugcina ingane yakho iphephile ezifweni. Enye yazo ukugcina ingane yakho isesikhathini ngemigomo ejwayelekile (imigomo) yokuvimbela izifo ezivamile neziyingozi:

• Ukubona izincomo zamanje, vakashela iwebhusayithi yeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - www.cdc.gov/vaccines. Njalo lapho uvakashelwa udokotela, buza ngemithi yokugoma elandelayo enconyiwe.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iphethwe umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.

Isikhungo sokunakekela izingane sakho sasemini kufanele sibe nezinqubomgomo zokusiza ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwamagciwane nezifo. Cela ukubona lezi zinqubomgomo ngaphambi kokuthi ingane yakho iqale. Abasebenzi bezinkulisa kufanele baqeqeshwe ukuthi bayilandele kanjani le migomo. Ngaphezu kokugeza izandla kahle usuku lonke, izinqubomgomo ezibalulekile zifaka:

• Ukulungisa ukudla nokushintsha amanabukeni ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi bezinkulisa kanye nezingane eziya enkulisa banemigomo yokuhambisana nesikhathi
• Imithetho yokuthi izingane kufanele zihlale nini ekhaya uma zigula

UMA INGANE YAKHO INENKINGA YEMPILO

Abasebenzi bangadinga ukwazi:

• Ungayinikeza kanjani imithi yezimo, njengesifuba somoya
• Ungakugwema kanjani ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezimbangela ze-asthma
• Ungazinakekela kanjani izimo zesikhumba ezahlukahlukene
• Ungabona kanjani lapho inkinga yezokwelapha engapheli iba yimbi kakhulu
• Imisebenzi engahle ingaphephi enganeni
• Ungaxhumana kanjani nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho

Ungasiza ngokwakha uhlelo lwesenzo nomhlinzeki wakho futhi uqiniseke ukuthi abasebenzi benkulisa yengane yakho bayakwazi ukulandela lelo hlelo.

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican Academy of Pediatrics. Ukunciphisa ukusabalala kwezifo ekunakekelweni kwengane. www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/prevention/Pages/Prevention-In-Child-Care-or-School.aspx. Kubuyekezwe uJanuwari 10, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 20, 2018.

ISosinsky LS, uGilliam WS. Ukunakekelwa kwezingane: ukuthi odokotela bezingane bangazisekela kanjani izingane nemindeni. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 17.

I-Wagoner-Fountain LA. Ukunakekelwa kwabantwana nezifo ezithathelanayo. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 174.