Isifutho se-Antifreeze

I-Antifreeze iwuketshezi olusetshenziselwa ukupholisa izinjini. Kubizwa nangokuthi injini yokupholisa. Lo mbhalo ukhuluma ngobuthi obubangelwa ukugwinya i-antifreeze.

Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwaziswa kuphela hhayi ukusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa noma ukuphathwa kokuvezwa kwangempela kobuthi. Uma unokuchayeka, kufanele ushayele inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911) noma iNational Poison Control Center ku-1-800-222-1222.

Izithako ezinobuthi ku-antifreeze yilezi:

• I-Ethylene glycol
• I-Methanol
• I-Propylene glycol

Izithako ezingenhla zitholakala kuma-antifreezes ahlukahlukene. Zingasetshenziswa nakweminye imikhiqizo.

Ngezansi kukhona izimpawu zobuthi obubulala iqhwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba.

EMIHLAWINI nasemaphashini

• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Akukho ukuphefumula

I-BLADDER NEZINYO

• Igazi emchameni
• Akukho okukhipha umchamo noma ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo

AMEHLO, IZINDLEBE, IKHALA NOMQOLO

• Ukubona okufiphele
• Ubumpumputhe

INHLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi

IMISIMBA NEZIHLANGANO

• Amajaqamba omlenze

UHLELO LWE-NEERVOUS

• I-Coma
• Ukudlikizela
• Isiyezi
• Ukukhathala
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Inkulumo eshisiwe
• Isiphukuphuku (ukuntuleka kokuqapha)
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuhamba okungazinzile
• Ubuthakathaka

ISIKHUMBA

• Izindebe nezinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

UKUHAMBA KWESISU NE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGAKHONZI ukwenza umuntu alahle ngaphandle kokuthi ulawulwe ubuthi noma umnakekeli wezempilo ekutshela ukuthi wenze kanjalo.

Sebenzisa usizo lokuqala olujwayelekile ne-CPR ukuthola izimpawu zokushaqeka noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo (ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo). Shayela isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi noma u-911 ukuze uthole olunye usizo.

Lungisa lolu lwazi:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (kanye nezithako, uma zaziwa)
• Isikhathi sigwinyiwe
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Isikhungo sakho sendawo esinoshevu singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke engakhokhelwa (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Thatha isiqukathi uhambe naso uye esibhedlela, uma kungenzeka.

Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Umuntu angathola:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• Ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi i-oxygen, ishubhu elingena emlonyeni kuya emphinjeni, nomshini wokuphefumula
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram noma ukulandelwa kwenhliziyo)
• Uketshezi olungena ngaphakathi (ngokusebenzisa umthambo)
• Imithi yokuguqula imiphumela yobuthi
• I-Tube ibeke phansi ikhala nasesiswini (kwesinye isikhathi)

Ukwelashwa nge-Dialysis (umshini wezinso) kungadingeka ngesikhathi sokululama. Lesi sidingo singaba unomphela uma ukulimala kwezinso kukhulu.

I-ethylene glycol: Ukufa kungenzeka phakathi namahora angama-24 okuqala. Uma isiguli sisinda, kungahle kube nokuncane okukhipha umchamo noma kungabikho kwawo amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba izinso zilulame. Ukulimala kwezinso kungahlala unomphela. Noma yikuphi ukulimala kobuchopho okwenzeka futhi kungahlala unomphela.

Nge-methanol: I-Methanol inobuthi obukhulu. Izipuni ezimbili nje (i-ounce elilodwa noma ama-milliliters angama-30) zingabulala ingane, kanti izipuni eziyi-4 kuye kwezingu-16 (ama-ounces amabili kuya kwayi-8 noma ama-millilitha angama-60 kuye kwangama-240) zingabulala umuntu omdala. Umphumela uncike ekutheni ungakanani owagwinywayo nokuthi ukunakekelwa okufanele kwanikezwa ngokushesha okungakanani. Ukulahleka kombono noma ubumpumputhe kungahlala unomphela

Ukulimala okungapheli kohlelo lwezinzwa kungenzeka. Lokhu kungadala ubumpumputhe, kwehle ukusebenza kwengqondo, kanye nesimo esifana nesifo sikaParkinson.

Gcina wonke amakhemikhali, izinto zokuhlanza, nemikhiqizo yezimboni ezitsheni zawo zoqobo futhi kumakwe njengoshevu, futhi kungafinyeleleki ezinganeni. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yobuthi kanye nokudlula ngokweqile.

Ubuthi bokupholisa izinjini

UNelson ME. Izidakwa ezinobuthi. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 141.

UThomas SHL. Ubuthi. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Izimiso zikaDavidson kanye Nokuzijwayeza Kwezokwelapha. Umhla ka-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 7.