Ubuthi bomkhiqizo olwa nokugqwala

Ubuthi bomkhiqizo olwa nokugqwala kwenzeka lapho othile ephefumula noma egwinya imikhiqizo elwa nokugqwala. Le mikhiqizo ingaphefumulelwa ngephutha (ihogelwe) uma isetshenziswa endaweni encane, engenamoya omncane, njengegaraji.

Lo mbhalo ungowolwazi kuphela. UNGAYisebenzisi ukwelapha noma ukuphatha ukuvezwa kobuthi uqobo. Uma wena noma umuntu onaye unokuchayeka, shayela inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911), noma isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela ucingo lwasimahla lwe-Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) ) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States.

Ama-anti-rust agents aqukethe izinto ezahlukahlukene ezinobuthi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-Chelating agents
• Ama-hydrocarbon
• I-Hydrochloric acid
• Ama-nitrites
• I-oxalic acid
• I-phosphoric acid

Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokulwa nokugqwala

Umuthi wokulwa nokugqwala ungadala izimpawu ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IZINDLEBE, IKHALA NOMQOLO

• Ukulahleka kombono
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emphinjeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukushisa emakhaleni, amehlo, izindlebe, izindebe, noma ulimi

UHLELO LWE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Igazi esitokisini
• Ukushisa komphimbo (isisu)
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuhlanza
• Kuhlanza igazi

INHLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Goqa
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• I-Methemoglobinemia (igazi elimnyama kakhulu elivela kumaseli abomvu angajwayelekile)
• I-asidi eningi noma incane egazini, okuholela ekulimaleni kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba

IZINYO

• Ukuhluleka kwezinso

Imiphumela eminingi eyingozi kakhulu yobuthi obuvela emikhiqizweni elwa nokugqwala ivela ekuhogelweni komoya.

AMALUNGE NEENDLELA ZENDLELA

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuvuvukala komqala (kungadala nobunzima bokuphefumula)
• I-Asphyxia
• I-pneumonitis yamakhemikhali
• Ukutheleleka kwegciwane lesibili noma kwegciwane lesibili
• I-edema ye-pulmonary ye-hemorrhagic
• Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula noma ukwehluleka
• Pneumothorax
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Pleural
• Empyema

UHLELO LWE-NEERVOUS

• Ukuyaluza
• I-Coma
• Ukudideka
• Isiyezi
• Ukungahambisani
• Ubutabane
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukubona okufiphele
• Ubuthakathaka
• Ukulimala kobuchopho kusuka ezingeni eliphansi le-oxygen

ISIKHUMBA

• Kushe
• Ukuthukuthela
• Imigodi (necrosis) esikhunjeni noma kwizicubu ngaphansi

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGENZI umuntu alahle phansi ngaphandle uma etshelwa isikhungo esinoshevu noma uchwepheshe wezempilo.

Uma ikhemikhali ligwinyiwe, mnike ngokushesha lowo muntu amanzi noma ubisi, ngaphandle uma eyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. UNGANIKI amanzi noma ubisi uma umuntu enezimpawu (njengokuhlanza, ukudlikizela, noma ukwehla kwezinga lokuqapha) okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya.

Uma umuntu ephefumule kulo shevu, shesha umhambise emoyeni omusha.

Thola imininingwane elandelayo:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (izithako namandla, uma kwaziwa)
• Isikhathi sigwinyiwe
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo kazwelonke izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nochwepheshe bokufaka ushevu. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Izimpawu zizophathwa ngendlela efanele. Ungathola:

• Ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ithubhu engena emlonyeni nasemaphashini, exhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)
• I-Bronchoscopy - ikhamera encane ephansi komqala ukubona ukusha ezindleleni zomoya nasemaphashini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram noma ukulandelwa kwenhliziyo)
• I-Endoscopy - ikhamera encane ephansi komqala ukubona ukusha emqaleni nasesiswini
• Uketshezi ngomthambo (ngu-IV)
• I-Methylene blue - umuthi wokuguqula umphumela wobuthi
• Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesikhumba esishisiwe (ukukhishwa kwesikhumba)
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukugeza isisu (ukuhlanza esiswini)
• Ukuwashwa kwesikhumba (ukuchelela), mhlawumbe njalo emahoreni ambalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike enanini likashevu agwinyiwe nokuthi ukwelashwa kusheshe kutholakale kanjani. Ngokushesha lapho umuntu ethola usizo lwezempilo, aba maningi amathuba okuba alulame.

Ukugwinya ubuthi obunjalo kungaba nemithelela emibi ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba. Ukulimala kuyaqhubeka nokuvela ezinso, isibindi, imiphakathi, nesisu amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokugwinywa kwento. Umphumela uncike kulo monakalo.

IBlanc PD. Izimpendulo ezinzima ekudalweni okunobuthi. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 75.

UHoyte C. Caustics. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 148.

Ama-Tibballs J. Ubuthi bezingane kanye ne-envenomation. Ku: Bersten AD, Handy JM, eds. Ibhukwana Lokunakekela Abagula Ngokujulile. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 114.