Ukususwa kwe-cataract

Ukususwa kwe-cataract ukuhlinzwa ukususa i-lens enamafu (i-cataract) esweni. Ama-cataract ayasuswa ukukusiza ukuthi ubone kangcono. Inqubo cishe njalo ifaka ukubeka i-lens yokufakelwa (i-IOL) esweni.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuyindlela yokwelashwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akudingeki ukuthi uhlale ubusuku esibhedlela. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo. Lona ngudokotela wezokwelapha ogxile ezifweni zamehlo nokuhlinzwa kwamehlo.

Abantu abadala bavame ukuphaphamela inqubo. Imithi ye-numbing (i-anesthesia yendawo) inikezwa kusetshenziswa i-eyedrops noma i-shot. Lokhu kuvimba ubuhlungu. Uzothola nemithi ezokusiza uphumule. Izingane zivame ukuthola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lo ngumuthi obabeka ebuthongweni obukhulu ukuze bangakwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu.

Udokotela usebenzisa imicroscope ekhethekile ukubuka iso. Ukusikwa okuncane (imbobo) kwenziwa esweni.

Ilensi isuswa ngenye yezindlela ezilandelayo, kuya ngohlobo lwe-cataract:

• I-Phacoemulsification: Ngale nqubo, udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhiqiza amagagasi omsindo ukuze aqhekeze i-cataract ibe yizicucu ezincane. Izingcezu bese zidonswa zikhishwe. Le nqubo isebenzisa imbobo encane kakhulu.
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Extracapsular: Udokotela usebenzisa ithuluzi elincane ukususa i-cataract ikakhulu engxenyeni eyodwa. Le nqubo isebenzisa imbobo enkulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laser: Udokotela uqondisa umshini osebenzisa i-laser energy ukwenza ukusikeka nokuthambisa ikhathakhatha. Okunye ukuhlinzwa kufana ne-phacoemulsification. Ukusebenzisa i-laser esikhundleni sommese (i-scalpel) kungasheshisa ukutakula futhi kunembe kakhudlwana.

Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-cataract, ilensi eyenziwe ngumuntu, ebizwa nge-intraocular lens (IOL), ivame ukufakwa esweni ukubuyisa amandla okugxila kulensi endala (i-cataract). Kuyasiza ukuthuthukisa umbono wakho.

Udokotela angavala imbobo ngemithungo emincane kakhulu. Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa indlela yokuzibekisa (sutureless). Uma uneziqu, zingadinga ukuthi zisuswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuhlinzwa kuhlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwengxenye yehora. Izikhathi eziningi, kwenziwa iso elilodwa kuphela. Uma une-cataract emehlweni womabili, udokotela wakho angaphakamisa ukuthi ulinde okungenani amasonto amabili kuya kwamabili phakathi kokuhlinzwa ngakunye.

Ilensi ejwayelekile yeso icacile (esobala). Njengoba i-cataract ikhula, i-lens iba namafu. Lokhu kuvimba ukukhanya kungangeni esweni lakho. Ngaphandle kokukhanya okwanele, awukwazi ukubona kahle.

I-cataract ayinabuhlungu. Zivame ukubonwa kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Kwesinye isikhathi, izingane zizalwa nazo. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract kuvame ukwenziwa uma ungaboni kahle ngokwanele ngenxa ye-cataract. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akulimazi unomphela iso lakho, ngakho-ke wena nodokotela wamehlo unganquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kukufanele yini.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, yonke ilensi ayinakususwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, inqubo yokususa zonke izingcezu zelensi izokwenziwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngemuva kwalokho, umbono usengathuthukiswa.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kakhulu zingafaka ukutheleleka nokopha. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni zombono zaphakade.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzohlolwa ngokuphelele iso nokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngudokotela wezifo zamehlo.

Udokotela uzosebenzisa i-ultrasound noma idivaysi yokuskena i-laser ukukala iso lakho. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukunquma i-IOL enhle kakhulu kuwe. Imvamisa, udokotela uzozama ukukhetha i-IOL engakuvumela ukuthi ubone ngaphandle kwezingilazi noma ama-lens oxhumana nawo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Amanye ama-IOL akunikeza kokubili ibanga nokusondela kombono, kepha akuwona wonke umuntu. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi okuhle kakhulu kuwe. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda ukuthi umbono wakho uzoba njani ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-IOL. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza imibuzo ukuze wazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokuhlinzwa.

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza amehlo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Landela imiyalo ncamashi yokusebenzisa amathonsi.

Ngaphambi kokuya ekhaya, ungathola okulandelayo:

• Isiqephu sokugqoka phezu kweso lakho kuze kube ukuhlolwa kokulandelela
• Ama-Eyedrops ukuvikela ukutheleleka, ukwelapha ukuvuvukala, nokusiza ngokuphulukisa

Uzodinga ukuthi othile akuhambise ekhaya ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Imvamisa uzoba nokuhlolwa okulandelayo nodokotela wakho ngosuku olulandelayo. Uma ngabe ubuthungiwe, uzodinga ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti ukuze zisuswe.

Amathiphu wokululama ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract:

• Gqoka izibuko zelanga ezimnyama ngaphandle ngemuva kokuthi ususe isichibi.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenzisa amehlo bese uthinta iso lakho. Zama ukungafaki insipho namanzi esweni lakho lapho ugeza noma ugeza ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala.
• Imisebenzi yokukhanya ihamba phambili njengoba ululama. Buza udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi okhandlayo, ukuqalisa kabusha umsebenzi wezocansi, noma ukushayela.

Ukubuyiselwa emuva kuthatha amasonto amabili. Uma udinga izingilazi ezintsha noma ama-lens oxhumana nawo, ungawafaka ngaleso sikhathi. Gcina ukuvakasha kwakho okulandelayo nodokotela wakho.

Iningi labantu lenza kahle futhi liyalulama ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwelanga.

Uma umuntu enezinye izinkinga zamehlo, njenge-glaucoma noma i-macular degeneration, ukuhlinzwa kungaba nzima kakhulu noma umphumela ungahle ungabi muhle.

Ukukhishwa kwe-cataract; Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract

• Ukuphepha kwamakamelo abantu abadala
• I-cataract - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho

• Iso
• Ukuhlolwa kwesibani
• I-Cataract - ukuvala iso
• I-cataract
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract - uchungechunge
• Isihlangu samehlo

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Academy of Ophthalmology. Amaphethini Wokwenza Okuncanyelwayo we-Cataract ne-Anterior Segment Panel, Isikhungo seHoskins Sokunakekelwa Kwamehlo Okusezingeni Elifanele. I-cataract esweni lomuntu omdala i-PPP - 2016. www.aao.org/preferred-practice-pattern/cataract-in-adult-eye-ppp-2016. Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 2016. Kufinyelelwe kuSepthemba 4, 2019.

Iwebhusayithi ye-National Eye Institute. Amaqiniso ngamakhathakhatha. www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 3, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Septhemba 4, 2019.

I-Salmon JF. Ilensi. Ku: Salmon JF, ed. IKanski’s Clinical Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 10.

UTipperman R. Ukudideka. Ku: Gault JA, Vander JF, eds. Izimfihlo Ze-Ophthalmology ngombala. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 21.