I-Spondylolysis ne-Spondylolisthesis: Lokho Abayikho Nokuthi Baphathwa Kanjani

-Delile

• Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko
• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Yelashwa kanjani
• I-physiotherapy yenziwa nini futhi kanjani

I-Spondylolysis yisimo lapho kukhona ukuphuka okuncane kwe-vertebra emgogodleni, okungaba yi-asymptomatic noma kukhiqize i-spondylolisthesis, okuyilapho i-vertebra 'ishibilika' emuva, ikhubaza umgogodla, ikwazi ukucindezela inzwa futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu beqolo nobunzima bokuhamba.

Lesi simo asifani ncamashi ne-disc ye-herniated, ngoba e-hernia kuthinteka kuphela i-disc, icindezelwe. Kulezi zimo, umgogodla owodwa (noma ngaphezulu) womgogodla 'uslayida ubuyele emuva', ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwe-vertebral pedicle futhi kungekudala ngemuva kwalokho i-disc ye-intervertebral nayo ihambisana nalokhu kuhamba, ifike emuva, ibangele ubuhlungu bokubuyela emuva kanye nokuzwa okushoshozelayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo kungenzeka ukuba ne-spondylolisthesis ene-disc ye-herniated ngasikhathi sinye.

I-Spondylolysis ne-spondylolisthesis zivame kakhulu ezifundeni zomlomo wesibeletho nezama-lumbar, kepha zingathinta nomgogodla we-thoracic. Ukuphulukiswa okucacile kungafinyelelwa ngokuhlinzwa okubeka umgogodla endaweni yawo yoqobo, kepha ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa nangokwelapha ngokomzimba kunganele ukudambisa izinhlungu.

Izimpawu nezimpawu eziyinhloko

I-Spondylolysis yisigaba sokuqala sokulimala komgogodla, ngakho-ke, angeke ikhiqize izimpawu, itholwe ngengozi lapho kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray noma i-tomography yangemuva, isibonelo.

Lapho kwakhiwa i-spondylolisthesis, isimo siba sibi kakhulu futhi izimpawu ezinjengezi:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emuva, endaweni ethintekile: phansi kwesifunda sangemuva noma sentamo;
• Kunzima ukwenza ukunyakaza, kufaka phakathi ukuhamba nokwenza umkhuba womzimba;
• Ubuhlungu obuphansi emuva bungakhanya buze emlenzeni noma emilenzeni, buchazwe njenge-sciatica;
• Ukuthinta ukuzwa ezandleni, uma kwenzeka i-spondylolisthesis yomlomo wesibeletho nasemilenzeni, uma kwenzeka i-lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-spondylolisthesis kwenziwa nge-MRI ekhombisa indawo ngqo yediski ye-intervertebral. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemuva kweminyaka engama-48, kanti abesifazane yibo abathinteka kakhulu.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-spondylolysis ne-spondylolisthesis yilezi:

• Ukukhubazeka komgogodla: zivame ukuguquka esimweni somgogodla ovele kusukela ekuzalweni futhi okwenza kube lula ukufuduka kwe-vertebra ngesikhathi sobusha lapho uzivocavoca ngobuciko noma ngesigqi, ngokwesibonelo.
• Imivimbo nokuhlukumezeka komgogodla: kungadala ukuphambuka kwe-vertebrae yomgogodla, ikakhulukazi ezingozini zomgwaqo;
• Izifo zomgogodla noma zamathambo: izifo ezinjenge-osteoporosis zingakhuphula ubungozi bokufuduka kwe-vertebra, okuyisimo esivamile sokuguga.

Kokubili i-spondylolysis ne-spondylolisthesis kuvame kakhulu ezifundeni ze-lumbar nezomlomo wesibeletho, okudala ubuhlungu ngemuva noma entanyeni, ngokulandelana. I-Spondylolisthesis ingakhubaza uma inzima futhi ukwelashwa kungalethi ukukhululeka kobuhlungu okulindelekile, lapho umuntu kungadingeka ukuthi athathe umhlalaphansi.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-spondylolysis noma i-spondylolisthesis kuyehluka ngokuqina kwezimpawu nezinga lokufuduswa kwe-vertebra, engahluka kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4, futhi kungenziwa ngemithi elwa nokuvuvukala, izidambisi zemisipha noma ama-analgesics, kodwa futhi kuyadingeka ukwenza i-acupuncture ne-physiotherapy, futhi uma kungekho okukodwa kwalokhu okukhethwa kukho okwanele ukulawula izinhlungu, kukhonjiswa ukuhlinzwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwevesti kwakusetshenziswa esikhathini esedlule, kepha akusaphakanyiswa odokotela.

Uma kwenzeka i-spondylolysis kunganconywa ukuthatha iParacetamol, esebenza kahle ekulawuleni ubuhlungu. Endabeni ye-spondylolisthesis, lapho ukuphambuka kuyibanga 1 noma 2 kuphela, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwenziwa kuphela nge:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi aqeda ukuvuvukala, njenge-Ibuprofen noma iNaproxen: ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwama-discs we-vertebrae, ukukhulula ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle.
• Imijovo ye-Corticosteroid, njenge-Dexa-citoneurin noma i-Hydrocortisone: zisetshenziswa ngqo kusiza se-vertebrae esithuthiwe ukuze kususwe ngokushesha ukuvuvukala. Zidinga ukwenziwa phakathi kwamanani we-3 kuye ku-5, ziphindwe njalo ezinsukwini ezi-5.

Ukuhlinzwa, ukuqinisa i-vertebra noma ukucindezela i-nerve, kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni zebanga lesi-3 noma lesi-4, lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukulawula izimpawu kuphela ngemithi nange-physiotherapy, ngokwesibonelo.

I-physiotherapy yenziwa nini futhi kanjani

Izikhathi ze-Physiotherapy ze-spondylolysis ne-spondylolisthesis zisiza ukuqedela ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, okuvumela ukuqeda izinhlungu ngokushesha nokunciphisa isidingo semithamo ephezulu.

Kuzifundo ze-physiotherapy kwenziwa ukukhulisa ukuzinza komgogodla futhi kukhulise amandla emisipha yesisu, kunciphisa ukuhamba kwamathambo omzimba, kusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kudambise izinhlungu.

Kungasetshenziswa imishini ye-elekthronikhi yokuqeda izinhlungu, izindlela zokwelapha ezenziwa ngesandla, izivivinyo zokuqina kwe-lumbar, ukuqiniswa kwesisu, ukwelulwa kwemisipha ye-tibial esemhlane wemilenze. Futhi izivivinyo ze-RPG, Clinical Pilates ne-Hydrokinesiotherapy, zisenganconywa.