Kuhlanza igazi

Ukuhlanza igazi kubuyisela emuva (ukuphonsa) okuqukethwe esiswini okuqukethe igazi.

Igazi elihlanjululwayo lingabonakala libomvu ngokugqamile, libomvu ngokumnyama, noma libukeke njengezindawo zekhofi. Okokuhlanza kungahlanganiswa nokudla noma kungaba igazi kuphela.

Kungaba nzima ukutshela umehluko phakathi kokuhlanza igazi nokukhwehlela igazi (kusuka emaphashini) noma ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni.

Izimo ezibanga ukuhlanza igazi nazo zingadala igazi esitokisini.

Ipheshana eliphezulu le-GI (emathunjini) lifaka umlomo, umphimbo, isisu (ishubhu lokugwinya), isisu kanye ne-duodenum (ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane). Igazi elihlanzwayo lingavela kunoma iyiphi yalezi zindawo.

Ukuhlanza okunamandla noma okuqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu kungadala izinyembezi emithanjeni yegazi yomphimbo. Lokhu kungakhipha imichilo yegazi ehlanzweni.

Imithambo evuvukile ezindongeni zengxenye engezansi yomhosha, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isisu, ingaqala ukopha. Le mithambo (ebizwa ngokuthi ama-varices) ikhona kubantu abanomonakalo omkhulu wesibindi.

Ukuhlanza nokuphindaphinda kungadala ukopha nokulimala komphimbo ongezansi obizwa ngokuthi izinyembezi zikaMallory Weiss.

Ezinye izimbangela zingafaka:

• Ukopha isilonda esiswini, ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane, noma umqhomo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
• Amaphutha emithanjeni yegazi yepheshana le-GI
• Ukuvuvukala, ukucasuka, noma ukuvuvukala kwe-esophagus lining (esophagitis) noma ulwelwesi lwesisu (gastritis)
• Ukugwinya igazi (isibonelo, ngemuva kokuphuma kwegazi)
• Izimila zomlomo, zomphimbo, zesisu noma zomlomo

Thola ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ukuhlanza igazi kungaba umphumela wenkinga enkulu yezokwelapha.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma uye egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo uma ukuhlanza kwegazi kwenzeka. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.

Umhlinzeki uzokuhlola abuze imibuzo efana nale:

• Ukuhlanza kwaqala nini?
• Wake walihlanza igazi phambilini?
• Lalingakanani igazi ebuhlanzweni?
• Lalinjani igazi? (Ubomvu obomvu noma obomvu noma ufana nezindawo zekhofi?)
• Ngabe uke waba nokukhishwa ngamakhala kwangamuva, ukuhlinzwa, umsebenzi wamazinyo, ukuhlanza, izinkinga zesisu, noma ukukhwehlela okukhulu?
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu onazo?
• Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo?
• Imiphi imithi oyiphuzayo?
• Uyaphuza utshwala noma uyabhema?

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Umsebenzi wegazi, njengokubala okuphelele kwegazi (i-CBC), amakhemikhali egazi, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (i-EGD) (ukubeka ithubhu ekhanyisiwe ngomlomo ungene esiswini, esiswini kanye nase-duodenum)
• Ukuhlolwa okuphelele
• Tube ngokusebenzisa ikhala esiswini bese ufaka ukuncela ukuhlola igazi esiswini
• Ama-X-ray

Uma uhlanze igazi eliningi, ungadinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ukuphathwa komoya-mpilo
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi
• I-EGD ngokusebenzisa i-laser noma ezinye izindlela zokunqanda ukopha
• Uketshezi ngomthambo
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-asidi esiswini
• Ukuhlinzwa okungenzeka uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungapheli

IHematemesis; Igazi emhlanzweni

IKovacs TO, iJensen DM. Ukopha emathunjini. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 135.

UMeguerdichian DA, uGoralnick E. Ukopha emathunjini. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 27.

Igcina iTJ, Jensen DM. Ukopha emathunjini. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 20.