Ukuyaluza

Ukuyaluzela yisimo esingemnandi sokuvuka ngokweqile. Umuntu ocasukile angazizwa eshukunyiswa, ejabule, esenkingeni, edidekile noma ecasukile.

Ukuyaluzela kungafika ngokuzumayo noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingahlala imizuzu embalwa, amasonto, noma izinyanga. Ubuhlungu, ukucindezeleka, nomkhuhlane konke kungakhuphula ukuyaluza.

Ukuyaluzana kukodwa kungenzeka kungabi uphawu lwenkinga yezempilo. Kepha uma kwenzeka ezinye izimpawu, kungaba uphawu lwesifo.

Ukuyaluza ngoshintsho ekuxwayeni (ukushintsha ukwazi) kungaba uphawu lokuphambana. I-Delirium inesizathu sezokwelapha futhi kufanele ihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha.

Kunezimbangela eziningi zokuphazamiseka. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukudakwa kotshwala noma ukuhoxa
• Ukusabela okweqile
• Ukudakwa yi-caffeine
• Izinhlobo ezithile zenhliziyo, amaphaphu, isibindi noma isifo sezinso
• Ukudakwa noma ukuhoxa ezidakamizweni zokuhlukumeza (njenge-cocaine, insangu, i-hallucinogens, i-PCP, noma ama-opiates)
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela (abantu abadala asebekhulile kaningi bane-delirium ngenkathi basesibhedlela)
• Indlala yegilo eyeqile (hyperthyroidism)
• Ukutheleleka (ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile)
• Ukuhoxa kweNicotine
• Ubuthi (ngokwesibonelo, ubuthi be-carbon monoxide)
• Eminye imithi, kufaka phakathi i-theophylline, amphetamines, ne-steroids
• Ukuhlukumezeka
• Ukushoda kukavithamini B6

Ukuyaluzela kungenzeka ngezinkinga zobuchopho nezengqondo, ezinjenge:

• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukuwohloka komqondo (njengesifo i-Alzheimer)
• Ukucindezeleka
• UMania
• Ischizophrenia

Indlela ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokubhekana nokuphazamiseka ukuthola nokwelapha imbangela. Ukuyaluza kungaholela engcupheni yokuzibulala nezinye izinhlobo zodlame.

Ngemuva kokwelapha imbangela, lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zinganciphisa ukuthuthuka:

• Indawo ezolile
• Ukukhanya okwanele emini nobumnyama ebusuku
• Imithi efana ne-benzodiazepines, futhi kwezinye izimo, i-antipsychotic
• Inala yokulala

UNGABAMBI ngokomzimba umuntu ocasukile, uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kuvame ukwenza inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu. Sebenzisa imikhawulo kuphela uma umuntu esengozini yokuzilimaza yena noma abanye, futhi ayikho enye indlela yokulawula ukuziphatha.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho ukuthola ukuphazamiseka okulandelayo:

• Ihlala isikhathi eside
• Inzima kakhulu
• Kwenzeka ngemicabango noma ngezenzo zokuzilimaza wena noma abanye
• Kuvela nezinye, izimpawu ezingachazeki

Umhlinzeki wakho uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha futhi ahlole ngokomzimba. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuphazamiseka kwakho, umhlinzeki wakho angakubuza izinto ezithile mayelana nokuphazamiseka kwakho.

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (okufana nokubalwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kokutheleleka, ukuhlolwa kwe-thyroid, noma amazinga wamavithamini)
• Iskena se-Head CT noma se-MRI
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar (umpompi womgogodla)
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo (wokuhlola ukutheleleka, ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa)
• Izimpawu ezibalulekile (izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, umfutho wegazi)

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokuxakaniseka kwakho.

Ukungahlaliseki

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Psychiatric Association. I-Schizophrenia spectrum nezinye izifo zengqondo. Ku: I-American Psychiatric Association. Incwajana Yokuhlola Nezibalo Yezinkinga Zengqondo. Umhlaka 5. I-Arlington, VA: Ukushicilelwa Kwe-Psychiatric yaseMelika; 2013: 87-122.

Inouye SK. I-Delirium esigulini esidala. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 25.

UPrager LM, u-Ivkovic A. Ukusebenza kwengqondo okuphuthumayo. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 88.