Iqiniso Mayelana Nemiphumela engemihle ye-Aspartame

-Delile

• Yini i-aspartame?
• Ukuvunyelwa kwe-Aspartame
• Imikhiqizo ene-aspartame
• Imiphumela emibi ye-Aspartame
• Phenylketonuria
• I-Tardive dyskinesia
• Okunye
• Imiphumela ye-Aspartame kwesifo sikashukela kanye nokwehlisa isisindo
• Ezinye izindlela zemvelo ze-aspartame
• Umbono ka-Aspartame

Impikiswano ye-aspartame

I-Aspartame ingenye yamaswidi wokufakelwa athandwa kakhulu atholakala emakethe. Eqinisweni, maningi amathuba okuthi wena noma umuntu omaziyo asebenzise i-aspartame equkethe i-soda yokudla ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-24 edlule. Ngo-2010, ingxenye yesihlanu yabo bonke abantu baseMelika baphuza i-soda yokudla nganoma yiluphi usuku, ngokusho kwe.

Ngenkathi i-sweetener ihlala ithandwa, iphinde ibhekane nokuphikisana eminyakeni yamuva. Abaphikisi abaningi bathi i-aspartame empeleni ayiyinhle impilo yakho. Kukhona nezimangalo mayelana nemiphumela yesikhathi eside yokusetshenziswa kwe-aspartame.

Ngeshwa, ngenkathi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okubanzi ku-aspartame, akukho ukuvumelana kokuthi i-aspartame "yimbi" yini kuwe.

Yini i-aspartame?

I-Aspartame ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo iNutraSweet nelithi Equal. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi emikhiqizweni ehlanganisiwe - ikakhulukazi leyo ebhalwe njengokudla "kokudla".

Izithako ze-aspartame yi-aspartic acid ne-phenylalanine. Zombili zenzeka ngokwemvelo ama-amino acid. I-aspartic acid ikhiqizwa ngumzimba wakho, kanti i-phenylalanine iyi-amino acid ebalulekile oyithola ekudleni.

Lapho umzimba wakho ucubungula i-aspartame, ingxenye yawo yehlukaniswa ibe yi-methanol. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo, ijusi yezithelo, iziphuzo ezivutshiwe, neminye imifino nayo iqukethe noma iholele ekukhiqizeni i-methanol. Kusukela ngo-2014, i-aspartame ibingumthombo omkhulu we-methanol ekudleni kwaseMelika. I-Methanol inobuthi obuningi, kepha amanani amancane angabhekiswa lapho ehlanganiswa ne-methanol yamahhala ngenxa yokumuncwa okwenziwe ngcono. Imethanol yamahhala itholakala kokunye ukudla futhi iyakhiwa lapho i-aspartame ishiswa. Imethanol yamahhala edliwa njalo ingaba yinkinga ngoba yehla ibe yi-formaldehyde, i-carcinogen ne-neurotoxin, emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, i-Food Standards Agency e-United Kingdom ithi nasezinganeni ezingabathengi abaphezulu be-aspartame, izinga lokudla eliphakeme kakhulu le-methanol alifinyelelwa. Baphinde bathi njengoba ukudla izithelo nemifino kwaziwa ukuthuthukisa impilo, ukudla imethanol kusuka kule mithombo akuyona into ebaluleke kakhulu ocwaningweni.

UDkt. Alan Gaby, MD, wabika ku-Alternative Medicine Review ngo-2007 ukuthi i-aspartame etholakala emikhiqizweni yezentengiselwano noma iziphuzo ezifudumele ingase ibe yisikhuthazi futhi kufanele ihlolwe ezimweni zokuphathwa kokudlikiza okunzima.

Ukuvunyelwa kwe-Aspartame

Ama-ejensi amaningi okulawula nezinhlangano ezihlobene nezempilo ziye zalinganisa kahle i-aspartame. Ithole ukuvunywa kokulandelayo:

• Ukuphathwa Kwezokudla Nezidakamizwa e-U.S.
• Inhlangano Yezizwe Yezokudla Nezolimo
• I-World Health Organization
• Inhlangano Yezinhliziyo ZaseMelika
• I-American Dietetic Association

Ngo-2013, i-European Food Safety Authority (i-EFSA) iphothule ukubuyekezwa kwama-database angaphezu kwama-600 avela ezifundweni ze-aspartame. Akusitholanga isizathu sokususa i-aspartame emakethe. Ukubuyekezwa akubikanga ukukhathazeka kokuphepha okuhambisana nokudla okujwayelekile noma okwandisiwe.

Ngasikhathi sinye, amaswidi okwenziwa anomlando omude wokuphikisana. I-Aspartame yathuthukiswa ngesikhathi i-FDA ivimbela amaswidi okwenziwa (i-Sucaryl) ne-saccharin (i-Sweet'N Low). Ukuhlolwa kweLab kukhombisile ukuthi imithamo emikhulu yalezi zinhlanganisela ezimbili yabangela umdlavuza nokunye ukuphazamiseka ezilwaneni zaselebhu.

Ngenkathi i-aspartame ivunywa ngempela yi-FDA, inhlangano yabameli yabathengi Isikhungo Sezesayensi Kwezintshisekelo Zomphakathi icaphune izifundo eziningi eziphakamisa izinkinga nge-sweetener, kufaka phakathi ucwaningo olwenziwe yiHarvard School of Public Health.

Ngo-2000, iNational Institutes of Health yanquma ukuthi i-saccharin ingaba yizinto ezibanga umdlavuza. Yize i-cyclamate itholakala emazweni angaphezu kwama-50, ayithengiswa e-United States.

Imikhiqizo ene-aspartame

Noma kunini lapho umkhiqizo ubhalwe ukuthi “awunashukela,” lokho kuvame ukuthi kusho ukuthi unomswidi wokufakelwa esikhundleni soshukela. Yize kungeyona yonke imikhiqizo engenashukela equkethe i-aspartame, kusengenye yeziswidi ezithandwa kakhulu. Itholakala kabanzi enanini lezimpahla ezihlanganisiwe.

Ezinye izibonelo zemikhiqizo equkethe i-aspartame zifaka:

• i-diet soda
• u-ayisikhilimu ongenashukela
• ijusi yezithelo encishisiwe
• inhlaka
• iyogathi
• uswidi ongenashukela

Sebenzisa amanye amaswidi kungakusiza ukuthi ukhawulele ukungena kwakho kwe-aspartame. Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukugwema i-aspartame ngokuphelele, kuzodingeka futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyibheka kuzimpahla ezihlanganisiwe. I-Aspartame ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi iqukethe i-phenylalanine.

Imiphumela emibi ye-Aspartame

Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, i-aspartame imnandi cishe izikhathi ezingama-200 kunoshukela. Ngakho-ke kuphela inani elincane kakhulu elidingekayo ukunikeza ukudla neziphuzo ukunambitheka okumnandi. Izincomo ezamukelekayo zokudla kwansuku zonke (ADI) ezivela ku-FDA ne-EFSA yilezi:

• I-FDA: ama-milligram angama-50 ngekhilogremu yesisindo somzimba ngamunye
• I-EFSA: ama-milligram angama-40 ngekhilogremu yesisindo somzimba

Ithini le-soda yokudla liqukethe cishe ama-milligram ayi-185 we-aspartame. Umuntu ongamakhilogremu ayi-150 (68 kilogram) kuzodingeka aphuze amathini angaphezu kweshumi nesishiyagalombili kasoda ngosuku ukudlula okwenziwa yi-FDA nsuku zonke. Ngenye indlela, bangadinga cishe amathini ayi-15 ukudlula isincomo se-EFSA.

Kodwa-ke, abantu abanesimo esibizwa nge-phenylketonuria (PKU) akufanele basebenzise i-aspartame. Abantu abathatha imishanguzo ye-schizophrenia kufanele futhi bagweme i-aspartame.

Phenylketonuria

Abantu abane-PKU bane-phenylalanine eningi kakhulu egazini labo. I-Phenylalanine iyi-amino acid ebalulekile etholakala emithonjeni yamaprotheni njengenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda nemikhiqizo yobisi. Futhi kungenye yezithako ezimbili ze-aspartame.

Abantu abanalesi simo abakwazi ukucubungula kahle i-phenylalanine. Uma unale nkinga, i-aspartame inobuthi kakhulu.

I-Tardive dyskinesia

I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD) kucatshangwa ukuthi ingumphumela oseceleni wemithi ethile ye-schizophrenia. I-phenylalanine ku-aspartame ingahle inciphise ukunyakaza okungalawuleki kwemisipha ye-TD.

Okunye

Izishoshovu ze-anti-aspartame zithi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-aspartame nenqwaba yezifo, kufaka phakathi:

• umdlavuza
• isithuthwane
• ikhanda
• ukudana
• ukunakekelwa kokulahleka kokugula (ADHD)
• isiyezi
• ukuzuza kwesisindo
• ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa
• lupus
• Isifo i-Alzheimer's
• i-multiple sclerosis (MS)

Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuqinisekisa noma ukwenza ukuxhumana kungasebenzi phakathi kwalezi zifo ne-aspartame, kepha njengamanje kusenemiphumela engahambelani ezifundweni. Eminye imibiko inyuse ubungozi, izimpawu noma ukushesha kwezifo, kanti eminye ayibiki miphumela emibi ngokudla kwe-aspartame.

Imiphumela ye-Aspartame kwesifo sikashukela kanye nokwehlisa isisindo

Uma kukhulunywa ngesifo sikashukela kanye nokwehlisa isisindo, enye yezinyathelo zokuqala abantu abazithathayo ukusika amakhalori angenalutho ekudleni kwabo. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka ushukela.

I-Aspartame inezinzuzo nezingozi uma icubungula isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala. Okokuqala, iMayo Clinic ithi, ngokuvamile, okokunandisa okufakelwayo kungasiza labo abanesifo sikashukela. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi i-aspartame iyona engcono kakhulu yokukhetha - kufanele ubuze udokotela wakho kuqala.

Ama-sweeteners nawo angasiza imizamo yokwehlisa isisindo, kepha lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma udla imikhiqizo eminingi equkethe ushukela ngaphambi kokuzama ukunciphisa isisindo. Ukushintshela emikhiqizweni enoshukela kuya kulawo aqukethe okokunandisa okufakelwayo kunganciphisa nengozi yezimbotshana nokubola kwamazinyo.

Ngokusho kowezi-2014, amagundane ayondliwa nge-aspartame ayenesisindo somzimba esezansi jikelele. I-caatat eyodwa emiphumeleni ukuthi lawa magundane nawo abenamagciwane amaningi esiswini kanye noshukela wegazi owandayo. Lokhu kwanda kweglucose yegazi nakho kwaxhunyaniswa nokuphikiswa kwe-insulin.

Ucwaningo aluqinisekile ukuthi i-aspartame namanye ama-sweeteners angondleki athinta kanjani lezi zifo nezinye.

Ezinye izindlela zemvelo ze-aspartame

Impikiswano nge-aspartame iyaqhubeka. Ubufakazi obutholakalayo abukhombisi imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside, kepha ucwaningo luyaqhubeka. Ngaphambi kokuthi ubuyele kushukela (onama-khalori aphezulu futhi ongenayo inani lokudla okunempilo), ungacabanga ngezinye izindlela zemvelo kune-aspartame. Ungazama ukudla okumnandi neziphuzo nge:

• uju
• usiraphu we-maple
• umpe we-agave
• isiphuzo sezithelo
• i-blackstrap molasses
• amaqabunga kaStevia

Yize imikhiqizo enjalo inge "yemvelo" impela uma iqhathaniswa nezinguqulo zokufakelwa ezifana ne-aspartame, kusamele usebenzise lezi ezinye izindlela ngamanani alinganiselwe.

Njengoshukela, ezinye izindlela zemvelo ze-aspartame zingaqukatha amakhalori amaningi anenani elincane lokudla okunempilo.

Umbono ka-Aspartame

Ukukhathazeka komphakathi nge-aspartame kuqhubeka kuphila nanamuhla. Ucwaningo lwesayensi alukhombisanga bufakazi obuguquguqukayo bokulimala, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekwamukelweni kokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke.

Ngenxa yokugxekwa okukhulu, abantu abaningi bathathe izinyathelo zokugwema okokunandisa okokuzenzela ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aspartame ngabantu abazi ngokudla ushukela kuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka.

Uma kukhulunywa nge-aspartame, ukubheja kwakho okuhle kakhulu - njengoshukela namanye ama-sweeteners - ukukusebenzisa ngamanani alinganiselwe.