Ukopha esikhunjeni

Ukopha esikhunjeni kungenzeka emithanjeni yegazi ephukile eyenza amachashazi abomvu amancane (abizwa nge-petechiae). Igazi futhi lingaqoqa ngaphansi kwezicubu ezindaweni ezinkulu eziyizicaba (ezibizwa ngokuthi i-purpura), noma endaweni enkulu elimele kakhulu (ebizwa nge-ecchymosis).

Ngaphandle komhuzuko ojwayelekile, ukopha esikhunjeni noma kulwelwesi lwamafinyila kuwuphawu olubaluleke kakhulu futhi kufanele njalo kuhlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ukubomvu kwesikhumba (i-erythema) akufanele kube nephutha lokopha. Izindawo zokopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba azisebenzi kahle (blanch) uma ucindezela indawo, njengokubomvu kwe-erythema.

Izinto eziningi zingadala ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukulimala noma ukuhlukumezeka
• Ukusabela okweqile
• Ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma ukugula okuthinta ukujiya kwegazi (coagulation)
• I-Thrombocytopenia
• Ukwelashwa, kufaka phakathi imisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy
• Imithi elwa namagciwane efana ne-clopidogrel (i-Plavix)
• Ukuqhuma (ecchymosis)
• Ukuzalwa (petechiae enganeni esanda kuzalwa)
• Isikhumba esiguga (ecchymosis)
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (petechiae ne-purpura)
• I-Henoch-Schonlein purpura (purpura)
• I-leukemia (purpura kanye ne-ecchymosis)
• Imithi - Ama-Anticoagulants afana ne-warfarin noma i-heparin (ecchymosis), i-aspirin (ecchymosis), i-steroids (ecchymosis)
• I-Septicemia (petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis)

Vikela isikhumba esiguga. Gwema ukuhlukumezeka njengokushayisana noma ukudonsa ezindaweni zesikhumba. Ukusika noma ukusika, sebenzisa ingcindezi eqondile ukumisa ukopha.

Uma unokusabela kwezidakamizwa, buza umhlinzeki wakho ngokumisa lesi sidakamizwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, landela ukwelashwa kwakho okunqunyelwe ukuphatha imbangela yenkinga.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Uphuma kungazelelwe esikhunjeni ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Ubona ukulinyazwa okungachazeki okungapheli

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokuhlola abuze imibuzo mayelana nokopha, okufana:

• Ngabe usanda kuba nokulimala noma ingozi?
• Ingabe uke wagula muva nje?
• Ngabe uke welashwa ngemisebe noma ngamakhemikhali?
• Yikuphi okunye ukwelashwa oke waba nakho?
• Ingabe uthatha i-aspirin ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto?
• Ngabe uthatha i-Coumadin, i-heparin, noma enye "i-blood thinner" (i-anticoagulants)?
• Ingabe ukopha kwenzeke kaninginingi?
• Ngabe uhlale unenkambiso yokopha esikhunjeni?
• Ngabe ukopha kwaqala ebuntwaneni (ngokwesibonelo, ngokusoka)?
• Ngabe iqale ngokuhlinzwa noma ukhishwe izinyo?

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa okulandelayo kungenziwa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Coagulation kufaka phakathi i-INR nesikhathi se-prothrombin
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (i-CBC) ngenani leplatelet kanye nokwehluka kwegazi
• I-bone marrow biopsy

Ama-ecchymoses; Amabala esikhumba - abomvu; Khomba izindawo ezibomvu esikhunjeni; UPetechiae; I-Purpura

• Amehlo amnyama

I-Hayward CPM. Indlela yokwelashwa esigulini esopha noma isilonda. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 128.

UJuliano JJ, uCohen MS, uWeber DJ. Isiguli esigula kakhulu esinomkhuhlane nokuqubuka. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 57.

I-Schafer AI. Indlela isiguli ukopha futhi thrombosis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 162.