Ukuhlolwa komchamo

I-Urinalysis wukuhlolwa komchamo ngokomzimba, ngamakhemikhali, nangemicroscopic. Kufaka phakathi izivivinyo eziningi ukuthola nokukala izinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene ezidlula emchameni.

Isampula yomchamo iyadingeka. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokutshela ukuthi hlobo luni lwesampula lomchamo oludingekayo. Izindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokuqoqa umchamo ukuqoqwa komchamo wamahora angama-24 kanye nesampula yomchamo ohlanzekile.

Isampula lithunyelwa ebhodini, lapho lihlolwa khona okulandelayo:

Umbala Wenyama Nokubukeka

Isampula yomchamo ibukeka kanjani esweni:

• Ingabe kucacile noma kunamafu?
• Ingabe umbala okhanyayo, noma ophuzi omnyama, noma omunye umbala?

UKUBONAKALA KWE-MICROSCOPIC

Isampula yomchamo ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze:

• Bheka ukuthi awekho yini amaseli, amakristalu omchamo, ukhonkolo lomchamo, amafinyila, nezinye izinto.
• Khomba noma yimaphi amabhaktheriya noma amanye amagciwane.

UKUBUKEKA KWEKHEMIKHALI (chemistry chemine)

• Kusetshenziswa umucu okhethekile (idipiki) ukuhlola izinto ezisampulini yomchamo. Umucu unamapayipi amakhemikhali ashintsha umbala lapho ehlangana nezinto ezithandekayo.

Izibonelo zokuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis ethile okungenziwa ukubheka izinkinga zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo wegazi elibomvu
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo we-glucose
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo wamaprotheni
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-pH yomchamo
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo weKetones
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo weBilirubin
• Ukuhlolwa kwamandla adonsela phansi we-Urine

Imithi ethile iguqula umbala womchamo, kepha lokhu akulona uphawu lwesifo. Umhlinzeki wakho angakutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi engathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa.

Imithi engashintsha umbala wakho womchamo ihlanganisa:

• IChloroquine
• Izithako zensimbi
• ULevodopa
• I-Nitrofurantoin
• I-Phenazopyridine
• I-Phenothiazine
• Phenytoin
• Riboflavin
• I-Triamterene

Isivivinyo sihilela ukuchama okujwayelekile kuphela, futhi akukho ukungaphatheki kahle.

Ukuhlolwa komchamo kungenziwa:

• Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha ukuhlola izimpawu zokuqala zesifo
• Uma unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela noma isifo sezinso, noma ukukuqapha uma welashelwa lezi zimo
• Ukuhlola igazi emchameni
• Ukuhlonza ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo

Umchamo ojwayelekile uyehluka ngombala kusuka kucishe kungenambala kuya kokuphuzi okumnyama. Okunye ukudla, njengama-beet nama-blackberries, kungahle kuphendule umchamo ube bomvu.

Imvamisa, i-glucose, amaketoni, amaprotheni, ne-bilirubin ayitholakali emchameni. Okulandelayo akuvamile ukutholakala emchameni:

• IHemoglobin
• Ama-nitrites
• Amaseli abomvu egazi
• Amaseli egazi amhlophe

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalebhu asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma avivinye amasampula ahlukile. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingasho ukuthi unesifo, njenge:

• Ukutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo
• Amatshe ezinso
• Isifo sikashukela esilawulwa kabi
• Umdlavuza wesinye noma wezinso

Umhlinzeki wakho angaxoxa nawe ngemiphumela.

Azikho izingozi ngalokhu kuhlolwa.

Uma kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya, umuntu ofunda imiphumela kufanele akwazi ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwemibala, ngoba imiphumela ihunyushwa kusetshenziswa ishadi lombala.

Ukubukeka komchamo nombala; Ukuhlolwa komchamo njalo; I-cystitis - ukuhlolwa komchamo; Ukutheleleka kwesinye - ukuchama kokuchama; Ukuhlolwa kwe-UTI - urinalysis; Ukutheleleka kwe-urinary tract - urinalysis; I-Hematuria - ukuhlolwa komchamo

• Umgudu womchamo wabesifazane
• Umgudu womchamo wabesilisa

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. I-Urinalysis (UA) - umchamo. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 1146-1148.

URiley RS, uMcPherson RA. Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo komchamo. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 28.