Amagesi egazi

Amagesi egazi ayisilinganiso sokuthi ingakanani i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide esegazini lakho. Futhi zinquma i-asidi (pH) yegazi lakho.

Imvamisa, igazi lithathwa emthanjeni. Kwezinye izimo, igazi elivela emthanjeni lingasetshenziswa (igesi yegazi eliyingozi).

Ngokuvamile, igazi lingaqoqwa komunye wale mithambo elandelayo:

• Umthambo osabalalayo esihlakaleni
• Umthambo wabesifazane emgodini
• Umthambo weBrachial engalweni

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angahlola ukusakazwa kwesandla ngaphambi kokuthatha isampula legazi endaweni yesihlakala.

Umhlinzeki ufaka inaliti encane ngesikhumba emthanjeni. Isampula lithunyelwa ngokushesha elabhorethri ukuze liyohlaziywa.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile. Uma ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo, ukuminyana komoya-mpilo kufanele kuhlale njalo imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi yokuncipha igazi (ama-anticoagulants), kufaka phakathi i-aspirin.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa beshaywa noma betinyelwa kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulinyazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela. Ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu kunokudonsa igazi emthanjeni.

Ukuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuhlola izifo zokuphefumula nezimo ezithinta amaphaphu. Kuyasiza ukunquma ukusebenza kokwelapha kwe-oksijeni noma ukupholisa okungangenisi umoya (i-BiPAP). Ukuhlola futhi kunikeza imininingwane mayelana ne-acid / base balance yomzimba, engaveza imikhondo ebalulekile mayelana nokusebenza kwamaphaphu nezinso nesimo somzimba jikelele somzimba.

Amanani olwandle:

• Ukucindezela okuncane komoya-mpilo (PaO2): 75 kuya ku-100 millimeter we-mercury (mm Hg), noma i-10.5 kuye ku-13.5 kilopascal (kPa)
• Ukucindezela okuncane kwe-carbon dioxide (PaCO2): 38 kuye ku-42 mm Hg (5.1 kuye ku-5.6 kPa)
• Igazi le-arterial pH: 7.38 kuya ku-7.42
• Ukugcwaliswa kwe-oxygen (SaO2): 94% kuye ku-100%
• I-Bicarbonate (HCO3): 22 kuya ku-28 milliequivalents ilitha ngalinye (mEq / L)

Ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-900 (900 metres) nangaphezulu, inani le-oxygen liphansi.

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalabhorethri afaka izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingahle ibangelwe ngamaphaphu, izinso, izifo ze-metabolic, noma imithi. Ukulimala kwekhanda noma kwentamo noma okunye ukulimala okuthinta ukuphefumula nakho kungaholela emiphumeleni engajwayelekile.

Kunobungozi obuncane uma inqubo yenziwa kahle. Imithambo nemithambo yegazi kuyahluka ngosayizi komunye umuntu kuya kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuya kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo yegazi
• I-hematoma (i-blood buildup ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi yegazi; ABG; I-Hypoxia - ABG; Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula - ABG

• Ukuhlolwa kwamagesi egazi

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Amagesi egazi, arterial (ABG) - igazi. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 208-213.

I-Weinberger SE, i-Cockrill BA, i-Mandel J. Ukuhlolwa kwesiguli esine-pulmonary disease. Ku: Weinberger SE, Cockrill BA, Mandel J, ama-eds. Izimiso zePulmonary Medicine. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 3.