Colonoscopy

I-colonoscopy ukuhlolwa okubheka ingaphakathi lekholoni (amathumbu amakhulu) kanye ne-rectum, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elibizwa nge-colonoscope.

I-colonoscope inekhamera encane exhunywe kushubhu eliguquguqukayo elingafinyelela ubude bekoloni.

I-Colonoscopy yenziwa kaningi egumbini lokuhlinzekela ehhovisi likadokotela wakho. Kungenziwa nasemnyangweni wezokwelapha esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha.

• Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhumule izingubo zakho zasemgwaqeni futhi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela ngenqubo.
• Cishe uzonikezwa umuthi emthanjeni (IV) ukukusiza uphumule. Akufanele uzwe noma yibuphi ubuhlungu. Ungahle uvuke ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi ukwazi ngisho nokukhuluma. Cishe ngeke ukhumbule lutho.
• Ulala ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele amadolo akho ebheke esifubeni sakho.
• Ububanzi bufakwa ngobumnene nge-anus. Ihanjiswa ngokucophelela ekuqaleni kwamathumbu amakhulu. Ububanzi buhamba kancane buze buye engxenyeni ephansi yamathumbu amancane.
• Umoya ufakwa esikalini ukuze unikeze umbono ongcono. Ukudonsa kungasetshenziselwa ukususa uketshezi noma indle.
• Udokotela uthola umbono ongcono njengoba isilinganiso sikhishwa sibuyele ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okucophelela ngokwengeziwe kuyenziwa ngenkathi isilinganiso sidonswa emuva.
• Amasampula amathishu (i-biopsy) noma ama-polyps angasuswa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi amancane afakwe esikalini. Izithombe zingathathwa kusetshenziswa ikhamera ekugcineni kwesilinganiso. Uma kudingeka, izinqubo, ezifana ne-laser therapy, nazo ziyenziwa.

Amathumbu akho adinga ukungabi nalutho ngokuphelele futhi ahlanzeke ekuhlolweni. Inkinga emathunjini akho amakhulu edinga ukwelashwa ingaphuthelwa uma amathumbu akho engahlanzwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokunika izinyathelo zokuhlanza amathumbu akho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokulungiselela amathumbu. Izinyathelo zingafaka:

• Isebenzisa ama-enemas
• Ukungadli ukudla okuqinile izinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• Ukuthatha ama-laxatives

Udinga ukuphuza iziphuzo eziningi ezicacile izinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Izibonelo zoketshezi olucacile yilezi:

• Sula ikhofi noma itiye
• I-bouillon engenawo amafutha noma umhluzi
• IGelatin
• Iziphuzo zezemidlalo ngaphandle kombala ongeziwe
• Iziphuzo zezithelo eziqondile
• Amanzi

Cishe uzotshelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, noma eminye imithi yokwehlisa igazi izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Qhubeka uthatha eminye imithi yakho ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akutshele ngenye indlela.

Kuzodingeka uyeke ukuthatha amaphilisi e-ayoni noma uketshezi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ngaphandle uma umhlinzeki wakho ekutshela ukuthi kulungile ukuqhubeka. I-ayoni ingenza indle yakho ibe mnyama. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngodokotela ukuthi abuke ngaphakathi kwamathumbu akho.

Imithi izokwenza ulale ukuze ungezwa ukungajabuli noma ube nenkumbulo yokuhlolwa.

Ungazizwa ucindezelekile njengoba ububanzi bungena ngaphakathi. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obufushane bokuminyanisa kanye negesi njengoba kufakwa umoya noma ububanzi buqhubekela phambili. Ukudlulisa igesi kuyadingeka futhi kufanele kulindeleke.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, ungahle ube nokucinana kwesisu okuncane futhi udlulise igesi eningi. Ungase futhi uzizwe ukhukhumele futhi ugula esiswini sakho. Le mizwa izophela kungekudala.

Kufanele ukwazi ukuya ekhaya cishe ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa. Kufanele uhlele ukuthi umuntu othile akuyise ekhaya ngemuva kokuhlolwa, ngoba uzobe usushubile futhi ungakwazi ukushayela. Abahlinzeki ngeke bakuvumele ukuthi uhambe kuze kufike umuntu ozokusiza.

Lapho usekhaya, landela imiyalo ngokululama kwinqubo. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Phuza iziphuzo eziningi. Yidla isidlo esinempilo ukuze ubuyise amandla akho.
• Kufanele ukwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Gwema ukushayela, ukusebenzisa imishini, ukuphuza utshwala, nokwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile okungenani amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlolwa.

I-Colonoscopy ingenziwa ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, izinguquko ekuhambeni kwamathumbu, noma ekunciphiseni isisindo
• Izinguquko ezingajwayelekile (ama-polyp) ezitholakala ku-sigmoidoscopy noma i-x-ray test (i-CT scan noma i-barium enema)
• I-anemia ngenxa yensimbi ephansi (imvamisa lapho kungekho esinye isizathu esitholakele)
• Igazi elisesitokisini, noma elimnyama, indle yokulinda
• Ukulandelelwa kokutholwa kwangaphambilini, okufana nama-polyps noma umdlavuza wekoloni
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (i-ulcerative colitis kanye nesifo seCrohn)
• Ukuhlolisiswa komdlavuza obomvu

Ukutholakala okujwayelekile izicubu zamathumbu ezinempilo.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa engajwayelekile ingasho noma ikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Izikhwama ezingajwayelekile ezingxenyeni zamathumbu, ezibizwa nge-diverticulosis
• Izindawo zokopha
• Umdlavuza kukholoni noma engxenyeni
• I-Colitis (amathumbu avuvukile futhi avuvukele) ngenxa yesifo seCrohn, isifo sezilonda, isifo noma ukutheleleka kwegazi
• Ukukhula okuncane okubizwa ngama-polyp on the lining of your colon (okungasuswa nge-colonoscope ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa)

Izingozi ze-colonoscopy zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukopha okukhulu noma okuqhubekayo kusuka ku-biopsy noma ukususwa kwama-polyps
• Hole noma udabule udonga lwekholoni oludinga ukuhlinzekwa ukulungisa
• Ukutheleleka okudinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic (okungajwayelekile)
• Ukusabela kumuthi owunikezwe ukuphumula, kubangele izinkinga zokuphefumula noma umfutho ophansi wegazi

Umdlavuza wamakholoni - colonoscopy; Umdlavuza we-Colorectal - colonoscopy; Colonoscopy - ukuhlolwa; Ama-polyp polyps - i-colonoscopy; I-ulcerative colitis - i-colonoscopy; Isifo seCrohn - colonoscopy; I-diverticulitis - i-colonoscopy; Uhudo - colonoscopy; I-anemia - colonoscopy; Igazi esitokisini - colonoscopy

• Colonoscopy
• Colonoscopy

I-Itzkowitz SH, i-Potack J. Colyp polyps kanye ne-polyposis syndromes. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 126.

Ummeli M, Johnson B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Umdlavuza ocacile. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 74.

URex DK, uBoland CR, uDominitz JA, et al. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Colorectal: izincomo zodokotela neziguli ezivela e-U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. NginguJ Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. I-PMID: 28555630 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28555630.

I-Wolf AMD, i-Fontham ETH, iSonto TR, et al. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Colorectal kubantu abadala abanobungozi obuphakathi: Ukuvuselelwa komhlahlandlela we-2018 okuvela e-American Cancer Society. I-CA Cancer J Clin. 2018; 68 (4): 250-281. I-PMID: 29846947 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29846947.