Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yenukliya

Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yeNyukliya kuyindlela yokucabanga esebenzisa izinto ezinemisebe ekhombisa ukuthi igazi lingena kanjani emisipheni yenhliziyo, ekuphumuleni naphakathi nomsebenzi.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha noma ehhovisi lomhlinzeki wezempilo. Kwenziwa ngezigaba:

Uzoqala umugqa we-intravenous (IV).

• Into ekhipha imisebe enjenge-thallium noma i-sestamibi, izofakwa komunye wemithambo yakho.
• Uzolala phansi ulinde imizuzu ephakathi kwengu-15 nengama-45.
• Ikhamera ekhethekile izohlola inhliziyo yakho futhi idale izithombe ezikhombisa ukuthi into leyo ihambe kanjani egazini lakho nasenhliziyweni yakho.

Iningi labantu lizobe lihamba nge-treadmill (noma i-pedal emshinini wokuzivocavoca).

• Ngemuva kokuthi umshini wokunyathelisa uqale ukuhamba kancane, uzocelwa ukuba uhambe (noma unyawo) ngokushesha futhi uthambekele.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuzivocavoca, unganikezwa umuthi obizwa nge-vasodilator (njenge-adenosine noma i-persantine). Lesi sidakamizwa sikhulisa (sivula) imithambo yenhliziyo yakho.
• Kwezinye izimo, ungathola umuthi (dobutamine) ozokwenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngokushesha nangaphezulu, kufane nalapho uzivocavoca umzimba.

Umfutho wegazi kanye nesigqi senhliziyo (ECG) sakho kuzobukwa kulo lonke uvivinyo.

Lapho inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanzima ngangokunokwenzeka, into efakwa ngemisebe iphinde ijojowe kolunye lwemithambo yakho.

• Uzolinda imizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengu-45.
• Futhi, ikhamera ekhethekile izoskena inhliziyo yakho futhi idale izithombe.
• Ungavunyelwa ukusukuma etafuleni noma esihlalweni ube nokudla okulula noma isiphuzo.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzoqhathanisa isithombe sokuqala nesesibili besebenzisa ikhompyutha. Lokhu kungasiza ukuthola uma unesifo senhliziyo noma uma isifo senhliziyo yakho siba sibi kakhulu.

Kufanele ugqoke izingubo nezicathulo ezintofontofo ezinamathe angashisi. Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze ngemuva kwamabili. Uzovunyelwa ukuphuza amanzi ambalwa uma udinga ukuthatha imithi.

Uzodinga ukugwema i-caffeine amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kufaka:

• Itiye nekhofi
• Wonke ama-sodas, ngisho nalawo abhalwe ukuthi awanayo i-caffeine
• Ama-chocolate, nezinhlungu ezithile zokudambisa eziqukethe i-caffeine

Imithi eminingi ingaphazamisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi.

• Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela uma udinga ukuyeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa.
• Ungayeki noma ushintshe imithi yakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, abanye abantu bazizwa:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukukhathala
• Amajaqamba emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Uma unikezwa umuthi we-vasodilator, ungahle uzwe ukunuka njengoba umuthi ujovwa. Lokhu kulandelwa umuzwa wemfudumalo. Abanye abantu futhi banekhanda, isicanucanu, nomuzwa wokuthi inhliziyo yabo iyagijima.

Uma unikezwa umuthi wokwenza inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngamandla futhi isheshe (dobutamine), ungahle uphathwe yikhanda, isicanucanu, noma inhliziyo yakho ishaye ngamandla futhi ngamandla.

Akuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa abantu bahlangabezana:

• Ukungakhululeki kwesifuba
• Isiyezi
• Ukushaya kancane
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho, tshela umuntu owenza isivivinyo khona lapho.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ukubona ukuthi ngabe imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ithola ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele ne-oxygen uma isebenza kanzima (ngaphansi kwengcindezi).

Umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda lokhu kuhlolwa ukuthola:

• Kusebenza kahle kangakanani ukwelashwa (imithi, i-angioplasty, noma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo).
• Uma usengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo noma yezinkinga.
• Uma uhlela ukuqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca noma ukuhlinzwa.
• Imbangela yobuhlungu besifuba esisha noma i-angina ebhebhetheka.
• Ongakulindela ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwengcindezi yenuzi ingasiza:

• Thola ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kahle kangakanani
• Thola ukwelashwa okufanele kwesifo senhliziyo
• Thola isifo semithambo yenhliziyo
• Bona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho inkulu yini

Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kaningi kusho ukuthi ukwazile ukuzivocavoca isikhathi eside noma isikhathi eside kunabantu abaningi bobudala bakho nobulili bakho. Futhi awuzange ube nezimpawu noma ushintsho kumfutho wegazi, i-ECG yakho noma izithombe zenhliziyo yakho ezibangele ukukhathazeka.

Umphumela ojwayelekile usho ukuthi ukuhamba kwegazi ngemithambo yenhliziyo kungenzeka kujwayelekile.

Incazelo yemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa incike kusizathu sokuhlolwa, iminyaka yakho, nomlando wakho wenhliziyo nezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingabangelwa:

• Ukwehla kwegazi kuye engxenyeni yenhliziyo. Isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke ukunciphisa noma ukuvimba imithambo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu enikezela ngemisipha yenhliziyo yakho.
• Ukugqashuka kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa ongakudinga:

• Ukubekwa kwe-Angioplasty nokuqina
• Izinguquko emithini yenhliziyo yakho
• I-Coronary angiography
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo

Izinkinga azivamile, kepha zingafaka:

• I-Arrhythmias
• Ukwanda kobuhlungu be-angina ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula noma ukusabela okufana nesifuba somoya
• Ukuguquka okukhulu kwengcindezi yegazi
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba

Umhlinzeki wakho uzochaza izingozi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Kwezinye izimo, ezinye izitho nezinhlaka zingadala imiphumela engeyinhle. Kodwa-ke, kungathathwa izinyathelo ezikhethekile ukugwema le nkinga.

Ungadinga izivivinyo ezengeziwe, njenge-catheterization yenhliziyo, kuya ngemiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa.

Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kukaSestamibi; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-MIBI; I-scintigraphy perfusion myocardial; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwe-Dobutamine; Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-Persantine; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-Thallium; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi - okwenuzi; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kwe-Adenosine; Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kweRegadenoson; I-CAD - ukucindezeleka kwenuzi; Isifo semithambo yegazi - ukucindezeleka kwenuzi; Angina - ukucindezeleka kwenuzi; Ubuhlungu besifuba - ukucindezeleka kwenuzi

• Ukuskena kwenuzi
• Imithambo yenhliziyo yangaphakathi

I-Amsterdam EA, uWenger NK, uBrindis RG, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-2014 AHA / ACC wokuphathwa kweziguli ezine-non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice. UJ Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (24): e139-e228. I-PMID: 25260718 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25260718/.

UFihn SD, uBlankenship JC, u-Alexander KP, et al. Isibuyekezo esigxile ku-2014 ACC / AHA / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS somhlahlandlela wokuxilongwa nokuphathwa kweziguli ezinesifo senhliziyo esisimeme: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice, kanye ne I-American Association for Thoracic Surgery, I-Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association, i-Society for Cardiovascular Angiography kanye nokungenelela, kanye ne-Society of Thoracic Odgeons. UJ Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (18): 1929-1949. I-PMID: 25077860 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25077860/.

UFlink L, uPhillips L. I-cardiology yenukliya. Ku: Levine GN, ed. Izimfihlo Ze-Cardiology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 8.

Udelson JE, Dilsizian V, Bonow RO. I-cardiology yenukliya. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 16.