Ukushintshwa kwamadolo kancane

Ukushintshwa kwedolo okuyingxenye ukuhlinzwa ukufaka ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yedolo elonakele. Ingangena esikhundleni sengxenye yangaphakathi (yangaphakathi), ingxenye engaphandle (ye-lateral), noma ingxenye yedolo.

Ukuhlinzwa ukufaka lonke idolo ngokuhlanganyela kubizwa ngokuthi ukushintshwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele.

Ukuhlinzwa ngamadolo okuyingxenye kususa izicubu namathambo alimele ngokuhlangana kwamadolo. Kwenziwa lapho isifo samathambo sikhona engxenyeni kuphela yedolo. Lezi zindawo zithathelwa indawo kufakelwa okufakelwayo, okubizwa ngokuthi okufakelwayo. Amanye amadolo akho alondoloziwe. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwamadolo kancane kuvame ukwenziwa ngezimbambo ezincane, ngakho-ke kunesikhathi esincane sokululama.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa umuthi ovimba izinhlungu (izinzwa). Uzoba neyodwa yezinhlobo ezimbili ze-anesthesia:

• I-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Uzobe ulele futhi ungenazinhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo.
• I-anesthesia yesifunda (umgogodla noma i-epidural). Uzoba ndikindiki ngaphansi kokhalo lwakho. Uzothola nemithi ezokwenza uphumule noma uzizwe usozela.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosika idolo lakho. Lokhu kusika kungamasentimitha angaba ngu-3 kuye kwayi-5 (7.5 kuye kwayi-13 cm) ubude.

• Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo ubheka lonke idolo elihlangene. Uma kukhona umonakalo ezingxenyeni ezingaphezu kweyodwa zamadolo akho, ungadinga ukushintshwa ngokuphelele kwamadolo. Isikhathi esiningi lokhu akudingeki, ngoba ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngaphambi kwenqubo bekuzokhombisa lo monakalo.
• Amathambo nezicubu ezilimele ziyasuswa.
• Ingxenye eyenziwe ngopulasitiki nensimbi ibekwa edolweni.
• Lapho ingxenye isendaweni efanele, inamathiselwa ngosimende wethambo.
• Isilonda sivaliwe ngemithungo.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuba kufakwe idolo ngokuhlanganyela ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu be-arthritis.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angaphakamisa ukufaka amadolo ngokuhlanganyela uma:

• Awukwazi ukulala ubusuku bonke ngenxa yobuhlungu bamadolo.
• Ubuhlungu bamadolo akho bukuvimbela ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Ubuhlungu bamadolo akho abuzange bube ngcono nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa.

Uzodinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhlinzwa nokululama kuzoba njani.

I-arthroplasty yamadolo ingase ibe yisinqumo esihle uma unesifo samathambo ohlangothini olulodwa noma ingxenye yedolo futhi:

• Umdala, uzacile, futhi awusebenzi kakhulu.
• Awunaso isifo samathambo esibi ngakolunye uhlangothi lwamadolo noma ngaphansi kwe-kneecap.
• Unokukhubazeka okuncane kuphela emadolweni.
• Unebanga elihle lokunyakaza emadolweni akho.
• Imigqa emadolweni akho izinzile.

Kodwa-ke, iningi labantu abane-arthritis yamadolo lihlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-total arthroplasty (TKA).

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo kuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu. Akubona bonke abantu abangashintshwa ngamadolo ngokwengxenye. Ungahle ungabi ngumuntu ozobhapathizwa kahle uma isimo sakho sinzima kakhulu. Futhi, isimo sakho sezokwelapha nesomzimba kungenzeka singakuvumeli ukuthi ube nenqubo.

Izingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa zifaka:

• Amahlule egazi
• Ukwakhela uketshezi emadolweni
• Ukwehluleka kwezingxenye zokufaka esikhundleni sokunamathisela edolweni
• Ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi
• Ubuhlungu ngokuguqa
• I-Reflex systrophy systrophy (engavamile)

Hlala utshela umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo oyiphuzayo, kufaka phakathi amakhambi, izithasiselo, nemithi ethengwe ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.

Phakathi namasonto ama-2 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Lungisa ikhaya lakho.
• Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi imiphi imithi ongayithatha ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi okwenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), izinciphisi zegazi ezifana ne-warfarin (Coumadin), nezinye izidakamizwa.
• Ungadinga ukuyeka ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi eyenza buthaka amasosha akho omzimba, kufaka phakathi i-Enbrel ne-methotrexate.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokucela ukuthi ubone umhlinzeki okuphatha ngalezi zimo.
• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe uphuze kakhulu utshwala (iziphuzo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa noma ezimbili ngosuku).
• Uma ubhema, udinga ukuyeka. Cela usizo kubahlinzeki bakho. Ukubhema kubambezela ukwelulama nokululama.
• Yazisa umhlinzeki wakho uma uthola umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma okunye ukugula ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Ungahle ufune ukuvakashela umelaphi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze ufunde izivivinyo ezingakusiza ukuthi ululame.
• Prakthiza ukusebenzisa umoba, i-walker, izinduku, noma isihlalo esinamasondo.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Ungatshelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli noma yini amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12 ngaphambi kwenqubo.
• Thatha imithi umhlinzeki wakho akutshele ukuthi uyiphuze ngesiphuzo samanzi.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ufika nini esibhedlela.

Ungakwazi ukuya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo noma udinga ukuhlala esibhedlela usuku olulodwa.

Ungabeka isisindo sakho esigcwele emadolweni ngaso leso sikhathi.

Ngemuva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele uzame ukwenza lokho udokotela wakho ohlinzayo akutshela khona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuya endlini yangasese noma ukuthatha ukuhamba emaphaseji ngosizo. Uzodinga nokwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza okuhlukahlukene nokuqinisa imisipha ezungeze idolo.

Iningi labantu lilulama ngokushesha futhi linezinhlungu ezingatheni kakhulu kunalezo ezazinalo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Abantu abaguqulwa ngamadolo ngokwengxenye bayalulama ngokushesha kunalabo abaguqulwa ngokuphelele ngamadolo.

Abantu abaningi bayakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kukamoba noma i-walker kungakapheli amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane emva kokuhlinzwa. Uzodinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezi-4.

Izinhlobo eziningi zokuzivocavoca zilungile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, ithenisi, igalofu nokuhamba ngebhayisikili. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ugweme imisebenzi enomthelela omkhulu njengokugijima.

Ukushintshwa kwamadolo kancane kungaba nemiphumela emihle kwabanye abantu. Kodwa-ke, ingxenye engaguquliwe yamadolo isengancipha futhi ungadinga ukushintshwa okugcwele kwamadolo phansi komgwaqo. Ukufakwa okuyingxenye ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kunemiphumela emihle kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwe-patella okuyingxenye noma kwe-patellofemoral akunayo imiphumela emihle yesikhathi eside njengokushintshwa okuyingxenye ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle. Kufanele uxoxe nomhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ngabe uyilungele yini ukushintshwa ngamadolo ngokwengxenye nokuthi izinga lokuphumelela liyini ngesimo sakho.

I-arthroplasty yamadolo engahambisani nomnyango; Ukushintshwa kwamadolo - ingxenye; Ukushintshwa kwedolo le-Unicondylar; I-arthroplasty - idolo elingenamakamelo; UKA; Ukufakwa esikhundleni samadolo okuhlaselayo okuncane

• Ukuhlangana kwamadolo
• Ukwakheka kokuhlanganiswa
• Ukushintshwa kwamadolo kancane - uchungechunge

I-Althaus A, i-WJ ende, iVigdorchik JM. I-robotic unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Ku: Scott WN, ed. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Insall & Scott kwe-Knee. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 163.

UJevsevar DS. Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis yamadolo: umhlahlandlela osuselwa ebufakazini, uhlelo lwe-2. J Am Acad Orthop Ukuhlinzwa. 2013; 21 (9): 571-576. I-PMID: 23996988 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23996988.

UMihalko WM. I-arthroplasty yamadolo. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ama-eds. I-Operational Orthopedics yaseCampbell. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 7.

U-Weber KL, uJevsevar DS, uMcGrory BJ. Umhlahlandlela Wokuzivocavoca we-AAOS Clinical: ukuphathwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-osteoarthritis yamadolo: umhlahlandlela osuselwa ebufakazini. J Am Acad Orthop Ukuhlinzwa. 2016; 24 (8): e94-e96. I-PMID: 27355287 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27355287.