I-echocardiography yesisu

I-fetal echocardiography isivivinyo esisebenzisa amagagasi omsindo (i-ultrasound) ukuhlola inhliziyo yengane ngezinkinga ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

I-echocardiography ye-Fetal isivivinyo esenziwa ngenkathi ingane isesibelethweni. Kuvame ukwenziwa phakathi ne-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa. Yilapho owesifazane enamasonto angama-18 kuya kwangama-24 ekhulelwe.

Inqubo ifana neye-ultrasound yokukhulelwa. Uzolala phansi ngenqubo.

Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa esiswini sakho (i-ultrasound yesisu) noma ngesitho sakho sowesifazane (i-transvaginal ultrasound).

Ku-ultrasound yesisu, umuntu owenza isivivinyo ubeka ijeli elicacile, elisuselwa emanzini esiswini sakho. Uphenyo oluphethwe ngesandla luyasuswa endaweni. Uphenyo luthumela amaza omsindo, aqhuma enhliziyweni yengane futhi akhe isithombe senhliziyo esikrinini sekhompyutha.

Ku-ultrasound engaphandle, kufakwa iphenyo elincane kakhulu esithweni sangasese. I-transvaginal ultrasound ingenziwa ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa futhi ikhiqize isithombe esicacile kune-ultrasound yesisu.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo kulolu vivinyo.

Ijeli eqhubayo ingazizwa ibanda kancane futhi imanzi. Ngeke uzwe amagagasi e-ultrasound.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuthola inkinga yenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe. Inganikeza isithombe esiningiliziwe senhliziyo yengane kune-ultrasound ejwayelekile yokukhulelwa.

Isivivinyo singakhombisa:

• Igazi ligeleza lingene enhliziyweni
• Isigqi senhliziyo
• Izakhiwo zenhliziyo yengane

Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa uma:

• Umzali, ingane yakubo noma elinye ilungu lomndeni eliseduze lalinokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo.
• I-ultrasound ejwayelekile yokukhulelwa ithole isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile noma inkinga yenhliziyo engaba khona enganeni engakazalwa.
• Umama unesifo sikashukela (ngaphambi kokukhulelwa), i-lupus, noma i-phenylketonuria.
• Umama une-rubella phakathi ne-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa.
• Umama usebenzise imishanguzo engalimaza inhliziyo ekhulayo yengane (njengemithi ethile yesifo sokuwa kanye nemithi yezinduna kadokotela).
• I-amniocentesis iveze ukuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome.
• Kunesinye isizathu sokusola ukuthi ingane isengozini enkulu yezinkinga zenhliziyo.

I-echocardiogram ayitholi zinkinga enhliziyweni yengane engakazalwa.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingabangelwa:

• Inkinga ngendlela inhliziyo yomntwana eyakheke ngayo (isifo senhliziyo esizelwe)
• Inkinga ngendlela inhliziyo yengane esebenza ngayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo (arrhythmias)

Ukuhlolwa kungadinga ukuphindwa.

Azikho izingozi ezaziwayo kumama noma enganeni engakazalwa.

Okunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo akubonakali ngaphambi kokuzalwa, noma ngabe kune-echocardiography ye-fetus. Lokhu kufaka izimbobo ezincane enhliziyweni noma izinkinga ze-valve ezincane. Futhi, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka kungenzeki ukubona zonke izingxenye zemithambo yegazi emikhulu ephuma enhliziyweni yengane, izinkinga kule ndawo zingase zingatholakali.

Uma umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ethola inkinga ekwakhekeni kwenhliziyo, kungenziwa i-ultrasound eningiliziwe ukubheka ezinye izinkinga ngengane ekhulayo.

UDonofrio MT, uMoon-Grady AJ, uHornberger LK, et al. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo esiswini se-fetus: isitatimende sesayensi esivela ku-American Heart Association. Ukujikeleza. 2014; 129 (21): 2183-2242. I-PMID: 24763516 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763516.

UHagen-Ansert SL, uGuthrie J. Fetal echocardiography: isifo senhliziyo esizelwe. Ku: Hagen-Ansert SL, ed. Incwadi Yemibhalo Yesifo Sokuxilonga. Umhlaka 8. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 36.

I-Stamm ER, uDrose JA. Inhliziyo yesisu. Ku: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ultrasound. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 37.