Izinkinga zamaphaphu nentuthu yentaba-mlilo

Intuthu yentaba-mlilo ibizwa nangokuthi i-vog. Yakheka lapho kuqhuma intaba-mlilo futhi idedela amagesi emkhathini.

Intuthu yentaba-mlilo ingacasula amaphaphu futhi yenze izinkinga zamaphaphu ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Izintaba-mlilo zikhiphela inqwaba yomlotha, uthuli, isulfure dioxide, i-carbon monoxide, namanye amagesi ayingozi emoyeni. Isulfure dioxide iyona eyingozi kakhulu kula magesi. Lapho amagesi esabela ngomoya-mpilo, umswakama nokukhanya kwelanga emkhathini, kwakheka intuthu yentaba-mlilo. Le ntuthu uhlobo lokungcola komoya.

Intuthu yentaba-mlilo iqukethe ama-aerosol ane-asidi (izinhlayiya ezincane kanye namaconsi), ikakhulukazi i-acid ye-sulfuric namanye amakhemikhali ahlobene nesibabule. La ma-aerosol mancane ngokwanele ukuthi angaphefumulela ekujuleni kwamaphaphu.

Ukuphefumula ngentuthu yentaba-mlilo kuyacasula amaphaphu nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Kungathinta ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaphu akho. Intuthu yentaba-mlilo nayo ingathinta amasosha akho omzimba.

Izinhlayiya ezine-acidic emsini wentaba-mlilo zingazenza zibe zimbi lezi zimo zamaphaphu:

• Isifuba Somoya
• I-bronchitis
• Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD)
• I-Emphysema
• Noma yisiphi esinye isimo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli) samaphaphu

Izimpawu zokuchayeka kwentuthu ye-volcanic zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuphefumula okuncane
• Ukukhwehlela
• Izimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe kwamafinyila
• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• Amanzi, amehlo acasukile

IZINYATHELO ZOKUVIKELA KWI-VOGCANIC SMOG

Uma usuvele unezinkinga zokuphefumula, ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo kungavimbela ukuphefumula kwakho ukuba kube kubi kakhulu lapho uvezwa yintuthu yentaba-mlilo:

• Hlala endlini ngangokunokwenzeka. Abantu abanezimo zamaphaphu kufanele bakhawulele ukusebenza komzimba ngaphandle. Gcina amawindi neminyango kuvaliwe futhi ne-air conditioning ivuliwe. Ukusebenzisa i-air cleaner / purifier nakho kungasiza.
• Uma kufanele uphumele ngaphandle, gqoka iphepha noma imaski yokuhlinza evala ikhala nomlomo. Manzisa imaski ngesisombululo sesoda namanzi ukuze uqhubeke uvikele amaphaphu akho.
• Gqoka izibuko ukuvikela amehlo akho emlotheni.
• Thatha i-COPD yakho noma imithi yesifuba somoya njengoba kunqunyiwe.
• Ungabhemi. Ukubhema kungacasula amaphaphu akho nakakhulu.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi, ikakhulukazi uketshezi olufudumele (olufana netiyi).
• Goba phambili okhalweni kancane ukuze kube lula ukuphefumula.
• Prakthiza izivivinyo zokuphefumula endlini ukuze ugcine amaphaphu akho enempilo ngangokunokwenzeka. Njengoba izindebe zakho zicishe zavalwa, phefumulela ngaphakathi ngamakhala akho bese uphuma ngomlomo wakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphefumula ngezindebe. Noma, phefumulela ngaphakathi ngamakhala akho ungene esiswini sakho ngaphandle kokuhambisa isifuba sakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphefumula okweqile.
• Uma kungenzeka, ungahambi uye noma ushiye indawo lapho kukhona intuthu yentaba-mlilo.

IZIMPAWU EZIPHUTHUMAYO

Uma une-asthma noma i-COPD futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi ngokuzumayo, zama ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokutakula. Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki:

• Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo ngokushesha.
• Yiba nomuntu okuyisa egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma:

• Ngabe ukhwehlela amafinyila amaningi kunokujwayelekile, noma amafinyila ashintshe umbala
• Bakhwehlela igazi
• Unomkhuhlane omkhulu (ngaphezu kuka-100 ° F noma u-37.8 ° C)
• Yiba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane
• Yiba nobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba noma ukuqina
• Yiba nokuphefumula okuncane noma ukuphefumula okuya kuba kubi kakhulu
• Yiba nokuvuvukala emilenzeni noma esiswini sakho

Vog

IBalmes JR, i-Eisner MD. Ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 74.

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Amaqiniso asemqoka ngokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. www.cdc.gov/disasters/volcanoes/facts.html. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 18, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 15, 2020.

UFeldman J, Ukulungisa i-RI. Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, izingozi nokuncipha. Ku: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Imithi Yasehlane Lase-Auerbach. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 17.

UJay G, King K, uCattamanchi S. Ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo. Ku: ICiottone GR, ed. ICiottone’s Disaster Medicine. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 101.

UShiloh AL, uSavel RH, uKvetan V. Mass ukunakekelwa okubucayi. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yokunakekelwa Okubalulekile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 184.

Iwebhusayithi yase-United States Geological Survey. Amagesi wentaba-mlilo angalimaza impilo, izimila nengqalasizinda. izintaba-mlilo.usgs.gov/vhp/gas.html. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 10, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 15, 2020.